题目

阅读理解　　What makes a person a scientist? Does he have ways or tools of learning that are different from those of others? The answer is “No”．It is not a tool a scientist uses but how he uses these tools which makes him a scientist．You will probably agree that knowing how to use a power is important to a carpenter(木匠)．You will probably agree, too, that knowing how to investigate(调查), how to discover information, is important to everyone．The scientist, however, goes one step further, he must be sure that he has a reasonable answer to his question into a large set of ideas about how the world works．　　The scientist’s knowledge must be exact．There is no room for half right or right just half the time．He must be as nearly right as the conditions permit．What works under one set of conditions at one time must work under the same conditions at other times．If the conditions are different, any change the scientist observes in a demonstration(证明)must be explained by the change in the conditions．　　This is one reason that investigations are important in science．Albert Einstein, who developed the theory of relativity, arrived at this theory through mathematics．The accuracy(准确)of his mathematics was later tested through investigation．Einstein’s ideas are shown to be correct．A scientist uses many tools for measurements．Then the measurements are used to make mathematical calculations(计算)that may test his investigations． (1) “…knowing how to investigate, how to discover information, is important to everyone．” The author says this to show ． [　　] A． the importance of information B． the difference between carpenters and ordinary people C． the difference between scientists and ordinary people D． the importance of thinking (2) A sound scientific theory should be one that ． [　　] A． works under one set of conditions at one time and also works under the same conditions at other times B． leaves no room for improvement C． does not allow any change even under different conditions D． can be used for many purposes (3) What is the main idea of the passage? [　　] A． Scientists are different from ordinary people． B． The theory of relativity． C． Exactness is the secret of science． D． Exactness and way of using tools is the key to the making of a scientist．

阅读理解

　　What makes a person a scientist? Does he have ways or tools of learning that are different from those of others? The answer is “No”．It is not a tool a scientist uses but how he uses these tools which makes him a scientist．You will probably agree that knowing how to use a power is important to a carpenter(木匠)．You will probably agree, too, that knowing how to investigate(调查), how to discover information, is important to everyone．The scientist, however, goes one step further, he must be sure that he has a reasonable answer to his question into a large set of ideas about how the world works．

　　The scientist’s knowledge must be exact．There is no room for half right or right just half the time．He must be as nearly right as the conditions permit．What works under one set of conditions at one time must work under the same conditions at other times．If the conditions are different, any change the scientist observes in a demonstration(证明)must be explained by the change in the conditions．

　　This is one reason that investigations are important in science．Albert Einstein, who developed the theory of relativity, arrived at this theory through mathematics．The accuracy(准确)of his mathematics was later tested through investigation．Einstein’s ideas are shown to be correct．A scientist uses many tools for measurements．Then the measurements are used to make mathematical calculations(计算)that may test his investigations．

(1)

“…knowing how to investigate, how to discover information, is important to everyone．” The author says this to show ________．
[　　]
A．	the importance of information
B．	the difference between carpenters and ordinary people
C．	the difference between scientists and ordinary people
D．	the importance of thinking

(2)

A sound scientific theory should be one that ________．
[　　]
A．	works under one set of conditions at one time and also works under the same conditions at other times
B．	leaves no room for improvement
C．	does not allow any change even under different conditions
D．	can be used for many purposes

(3)

What is the main idea of the passage?
[　　]
A．	Scientists are different from ordinary people．
B．	The theory of relativity．
C．	Exactness is the secret of science．
D．	Exactness and way of using tools is the key to the making of a scientist．

题目解答

答案

1．C;2．A;3．D;

解析

步骤 1：理解问题背景
文章讨论了科学家与普通人之间的区别，强调了科学家在使用工具和进行调查时的精确性和一致性。
步骤 2：分析问题 (1)
问题 (1) 询问作者说“知道如何调查，如何发现信息，对每个人都很重要”是为了展示什么。根据文章，作者强调了调查和发现信息的重要性，但特别指出科学家在这些方面更进一步，他们必须确保他们的答案是合理的，并且能够融入到关于世界如何运作的大理论中。
步骤 3：分析问题 (2)
问题 (2) 询问一个健全的科学理论应该是什么样的。根据文章，一个健全的科学理论应该在一组特定条件下在一次工作，并且在相同的条件下在其他时间也工作。如果条件不同，科学家观察到的任何变化都必须由条件的变化来解释。
步骤 4：分析问题 (3)
问题 (3) 询问文章的主要思想是什么。文章主要讨论了科学家与普通人之间的区别，强调了科学家在使用工具和进行调查时的精确性和一致性，以及这些因素如何使他们成为科学家。