Public Speaking and Critical ThinkingWhat is critical thinking? To a certain degree, it's a matter of logic(逻辑)—of being able to spot weaknesses in other people's arguments and to avoid them in your own. It also includes related skills such as distinguishing fact from opinion and assessing the soundness of evidence.In the broad sense, critical thinking is focused, organized thinking—the ability to see clearly the relationships among ideas. 1 The greatest thinkers, scientists, and inventors have often taken information that was readily available and put it together differently to produce new ideas. That, too, is critical thinking. 2 As the class goes on, for example, you will probably spend a good deal of time organizing your speeches. While this may seem like a purely mechanical(机械的) exercise, it is closely connected with critical thinking.If the structure of your speech is loose and confused, chances are that your thinking is also disordered and confused. If, on the other hand, the structure is clear, there is a good chance your thinking is too. Organizing a speech is not just a matter of arranging the ideas you already have. 3 What is true of organization is true of many aspects of public speaking. 4 As you work on expressing your ideas in clear, accurate language, you will improve your ability to think clearly and accurately. 5 As you learn to listen critically to speeches in class, you will be better able to assess the ideas of speakers in a variety of situations.If you take full advantage of your speech class, you will be able to develop your skills as a critical thinker in many circumstances.This is one reason public speaking has been regarded as a vital part of education since the days of ancient Greece.A. Rather, it is an important part of shaping the ideas themselves.B. This may seem like a lot of time, but the rewards are well worth it.C. It may also help you to know that there is no such thing as a perfect speech.D. It has often been said that there are few new ideas in the world, only reorganized ideas.E. If you are wondering what this has to do with your public speaking class, the answer is quite a lot.F. The skills you learn in your speech class can help you become a more effective thinker in a number of ways.G. As you study the role of evidence and reasoning in speech making,you will see how they can be used in other forms of communication as well.
Public Speaking and Critical Thinking
What is critical thinking? To a certain degree, it's a matter of logic(逻辑)—of being able to spot weaknesses in other people's arguments and to avoid them in your own. It also includes related skills such as distinguishing fact from opinion and assessing the soundness of evidence.
In the broad sense, critical thinking is focused, organized thinking—the ability to see clearly the relationships among ideas. 1 The greatest thinkers, scientists, and inventors have often taken information that was readily available and put it together differently to produce new ideas. That, too, is critical thinking.
2 As the class goes on, for example, you will probably spend a good deal of time organizing your speeches. While this may seem like a purely mechanical(机械的) exercise, it is closely connected with critical thinking.If the structure of your speech is loose and confused, chances are that your thinking is also disordered and confused. If, on the other hand, the structure is clear, there is a good chance your thinking is too. Organizing a speech is not just a matter of arranging the ideas you already have. 3
What is true of organization is true of many aspects of public speaking. 4 As you work on expressing your ideas in clear, accurate language, you will improve your ability to think clearly and accurately. 5 As you learn to listen critically to speeches in class, you will be better able to assess the ideas of speakers in a variety of situations.
If you take full advantage of your speech class, you will be able to develop your skills as a critical thinker in many circumstances.This is one reason public speaking has been regarded as a vital part of education since the days of ancient Greece.
- A.
Rather, it is an important part of shaping the ideas themselves.
- A.
- B.
This may seem like a lot of time, but the rewards are well worth it.
- B.
- C.
It may also help you to know that there is no such thing as a perfect speech.
- C.
- D.
It has often been said that there are few new ideas in the world, only reorganized ideas.
- D.
- E.
If you are wondering what this has to do with your public speaking class, the answer is quite a lot.
- E.
- F.
The skills you learn in your speech class can help you become a more effective thinker in a number of ways.
- F.
- G.
As you study the role of evidence and reasoning in speech making,you will see how they can be used in other forms of communication as well.
- G.
题目解答
答案
【答案】
【解析】
上句提到，从广义上讲，批判性思考就是把思考集中并组织起来，是明确个观点之间关系的能力；下文提到，最伟大的思想家，科学家和发明家经常把有用的信息提取出来，重新组合创造出新观点，由此可知，此处表明 "世界上新的观点很少，只有重新组织起来的观点" 。organize和new是关键词。
解析
上句提到，从广义上讲，批判性思考就是把思考集中并组织起来，是明确个观点之间关系的能力；下文提到，最伟大的思想家，科学家和发明家经常把有用的信息提取出来，重新组合创造出新观点，由此可知，此处表明 "世界上新的观点很少，只有重新组织起来的观点" 。organize和new是关键词。
步骤 2：确定第二空的上下文关系
下文提到，随着课程的进行，你可能会花很多时间来组织你的演讲。虽然这可能看起来像一个纯粹的机械练习，但它与批判性思考密切相关。如果演讲的结构松散而混乱，那么你的思维也很可能混乱。如果结构清晰，那么你的思维也很可能清晰。组织演讲不仅仅是安排你已经有的想法。由此可知，此处表明 "如果你想知道这与你的演讲课有什么关系，答案是很多" 。class和speech是关键词。
步骤 3：确定第三空的上下文关系
上文提到，组织演讲不仅仅是安排你已经有的想法。由此可知，此处表明 "相反，它也是塑造想法本身的重要部分" 。organizing和ideas是关键词。
步骤 4：确定第四空的上下文关系
上文提到，组织演讲不仅仅是安排你已经有的想法。相反，它也是塑造想法本身的重要部分。由此可知，此处表明 "演讲的许多方面都是如此" 。organization和speech是关键词。
步骤 5：确定第五空的上下文关系
上文提到，当你研究演讲中的证据和推理的作用时，你将看到它们如何在其他形式的交流中使用。由此可知，此处表明 "当你学习在课堂上批判性地倾听演讲时，你将能够更好地评估各种情况下的演讲者的想法" 。speech和class是关键词。