Section ADirections: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter. Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once.The human brain has the ability to constantly form new networks and connections between brain cells. This means the brain has an almost magical ability to change. This characteristic is underline(26) apparent in a new study, focusing on people who underwent a hemispherectomy, a surgical procedure in which half of the brain is removed to treat illness.The findings showed that, despite missing half of this critical underline(27) participants could function well. This was because the underline(28) half of their brain strengthened. In fact, researchers found that connections—and thus communication—between parts of different brain networks are actually stronger in people who had hemispherecomies than in people with intact brains. This underline(29) that the brain is able to compensate for loss of certain brain structure.There are many other cases in the medical underline(30) that document the brain's amazing ability to underline(31). For example, a young boy had a significant portion of his brain removed for medical reasons, which included the part of the brain underline(32) for sight. But a few years after his surgery, scientists found that he could underline(33) see. They determined that this was because other parts of his brain took over the missing part's underline(34) tasks. Another study involved people who could smell, despite missing the region in the brain that processes information about smells. Though they are not sure how these individuals underline(35) the ability to smell, scientists believe it is possible that another part of the brain took on that task.fbox{A) adapt B) hardly C) indicates D) insistE) literature F) organ G) particularly H) remainingI) responsible J) retained K) still L) strategyM) transformed N) underlines O) visual}
题目解答
答案
解析
本题考查根据上下文选择恰当词汇的能力,需结合语境理解词义及搭配。文章围绕大脑的可塑性展开,通过病例研究说明大脑如何补偿受损结构。解题关键在于:
- 明确词性:根据空格前后语法结构判断所需词性(如形容词、名词、动词等);
- 锁定上下文线索:通过前后文逻辑关系(如因果、对比)确定关键词;
- 辨析近义词:区分选项中易混淆词汇的细微差别(如
indicates与underlines)。
第26题
空格前:This characteristic is,空格后:apparent。
分析:需填入副词修饰形容词apparent,表示“特别明显”。选项中G) particularly符合语境。
第27题
空格前:half of the brain is removed to treat illness,空格后:participants could function well。
分析:此处指“大脑”这一器官,F) organ与brain构成固定搭配(critical organ)。
第28题
空格前:the,空格后:half of their brain strengthened。
分析:需填入形容词修饰half,表示“剩余的”部分,H) remaining最贴切。
第29题
空格前:This,空格后:that the brain is able to compensate。
分析:需填入动词引出结论,C) indicates表示“表明”,与后文研究发现逻辑连贯。
第30题
空格前:in the medical,空格后:that document the brain's amazing ability。
分析:medical literature为固定搭配,指“医学文献”,选E) literature。
第31题
空格前:ability to,空格后:...。
分析:需填入动词表示“适应”,A) adapt与后文大脑功能代偿能力呼应。
第32题
空格前:the part of the brain,空格后:for sight。
分析:responsible for为固定短语,表示“负责、控制”,选I) responsible。
第33题
空格前:scientists found that he could,空格后:see。
分析:尽管切除视觉中枢,男孩仍能“仍然”看到,K) still符合逻辑。
第34题
空格前:tasks,空格后:...。
分析:指“视觉任务”,O) visual与前文for sight形成对应。
第35题
空格前:how these individuals,空格后:the ability to smell。
分析:表示“保留嗅觉能力”,J) retained与上下文“功能未丧失”一致。