题目

十五选十A)adult B) associated C)chew D) contains E) continue F) defenseG)dental H) downward I) emotionalJ) implies K)mammal L)replaceM)swallow N) triggered O) underneathYou might think of your teeth as tools, like built-in knives and forks, but if they are mere tools, why do they feel pain and wouldn't it be better if they could just 26 under any condition? In spite of our 27discomfort, it turns out there's a good reason our teeth are so sensitive. Tooth pain is a 28 mechanism that ensures when a tooth is being damaged we'll notice and do something about it.If we eat something too hot or too cold, or if the tooth is worn down enough where the tissue 29 is exposed, all of those things cause pain, and then the pain causes the person not to use that tooth to try to protect it a little bit more. So it's really a protective mechanism more than anything else. If teeth didn't feel pain, we might30to use them in situations that damage them, and for humans, damaging 31 teeth is a problem because, unlike crocodiles, we can't 32 them.Teeth have three layers, only one of which-the innermost layer of the tooth-can hurt, as that layer of the tooth 33both blood vessels and nerves. Pain is the only feeling to which the nerves in that layer respond. Whereas people with tooth sensitivity may complain, for example, of tooth pain 34 by heat or cold, the nerves in the inner layer don't sense temperature. Rather, they feel pain, which may be 35 with, say ,drinking something very cold.

十五选十A)adult               B)   associated             C)chew   D) contains          E) continue             F) defenseG)dental             H) downward          I) emotionalJ) implies            K)mammal             L)replaceM)swallow                   N) triggered         O) underneathYou might think of your teeth as tools, like built-in knives and forks, but if they are mere tools, why do they feel pain and wouldn't it be better if they could just 26 under any condition? In spite of our 27discomfort, it turns out there's a good reason our teeth are so sensitive. Tooth pain is a 28 mechanism that ensures when a tooth is being damaged we'll notice and do something about it.If we eat something too hot or too cold, or if the tooth is worn down enough where the tissue 29 is exposed, all of those things cause pain, and then the pain causes the person not to use that tooth to try to protect it a little bit more. So it's really a protective mechanism more than anything else. If teeth didn't feel pain, we might30to use them in situations that damage them, and for humans, damaging 31 teeth is a problem because, unlike crocodiles, we can't 32 them.Teeth have three layers, only one of which-the innermost layer of the tooth-can hurt, as that layer of the tooth 33both blood vessels and nerves. Pain is the only feeling to which the nerves in that layer respond. Whereas people with tooth sensitivity may complain, for example, of tooth pain 34 by heat or cold, the nerves in the inner layer don't sense temperature. Rather, they feel pain, which may be 35 with, say ,drinking something very cold.

题目解答

答案

(1)C(2)G(3)F(4)O(5)E(6)A(7)L(8)D(9)N(10)B

解析

本题是一篇关于牙齿功能及疼痛机制的十五选十填空题，主要考察对词汇词汇含义的理解以及结合上下文语境的逻辑推理推理能力。以下是具体题目解析：

26题

空前“why do they feel pain and wouldn't it be better if they could just”（为什么它们会感到疼痛，如果它们能在任何情况下都能怎样不是更好吗？），结合“under any condition”（在任何条件下）及选项，C选项chew（咀嚼）符合语境不符；M选项选项swallow（吞咽），牙齿的功能是咀嚼，此处指“如果牙齿能在任何条件下都能咀嚼不是更好”，但根据下文“if teeth didn't feel pain,, we might continue to use them in situations that damage them”（如果牙齿没有疼痛感，我们可能会继续在损坏它们的情况下使用它们），可知可知此处指牙齿如果能在任何条件下都“继续使用”？不，原答案为C选项chew（咀嚼），更符合“牙齿作为工具”的比喻，且“chew under under any condition”（在语义上更合理，指“在任何情况下都能咀嚼”。

27题

空后“discomfort”（不适不适），结合选项，G选项dental（牙齿的）为形容词，修饰“discomfort”（不适），指“牙齿不适”，符合语境为“尽管我们有牙齿不适”，符合逻辑，且与全文讨论牙齿话题一致。

28题

空后“mechanism that ensures when a tooth is being damaged we'll notice and do something about it”（确保当牙齿受损时我们会注意到并采取措施），说明这是一种保护机制，F选项defense（防御），“defense mechanism”（防御机制机制）为固定搭配，符合语境，指“牙齿疼痛是一种防御机制”。

29题

空前“the tissue”（组织），空后“is exposed”（暴露）”，结合牙齿结构，O选项underneath（在下面的），“the tissue underneath”（下面的组织），指牙齿磨损到下面的组织暴露，符合牙齿磨损的常识，即牙齿外层磨损后，内层组织暴露。

30题

空前“If teeth didn't feel pain（如果牙齿没有疼痛感），空后“use them in situations that damage them”（在损坏它们的情况下使用选项使用它们），E选项continue（继续），指“继续使用”，符合逻辑：没有疼痛感就会继续在损坏牙齿的情况下使用，与下文“we can't replace them”（我们不能替换它们）也印证了需要保护牙齿，避免继续损坏。

31题

空后“teeth is a problem because, unlike crocodiles, we can't replace them”（牙齿是个问题，因为不像鳄鱼，我们不能替换它们），A选项adult（成人的），“adult teeth”（恒牙），人类恒牙不可替换，而鳄鱼可以不断换牙，符合语境：损坏恒牙是问题，因为无法替换。

32题

空前“unlike crocodiles, we can't”（不像鳄鱼，我们不能”，结合常识，鳄鱼可以不断换牙，L选项replace（替换），指“我们不能替换牙齿”，符合语境。

33题

空前“that layer of the tooth”（那层牙齿），空后“both blood vessels and nerves”（血管和神经，D选项contains（包含），指“那层牙齿包含血管和神经”，符合牙齿结构：牙髓层（内层）包含血管和神经，所以会感到疼痛。

34题

空前“tooth pain”（牙痛），空后“by heat or cold”（由热或冷引起），N选项triggered（触发），“triggered by”（由…触发），指“由热或冷触发的牙痛”，符合语境：对牙齿敏感的人会抱怨由热或冷引发的牙痛。

35题

空前“they feel pain, which may be”（他们感到疼痛，这可能与…有关），空后“drinking very cold”（喝非常冷的东西，B选项associated（关联的），“associated with”（与…有关），指“疼痛可能与喝非常冷的东西有关”，符合逻辑：牙痛与冷热刺激有关。