题目
PartIII Reading Comprehension (40 minutes) Section A Directions:In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter. Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once. Scientists have known that depriving adult mice of vision can increase the sensitivity of individual neurons(神经元) in the part of the brain devoted to hearing. New research from biologists at the University of Maryland _26_ that sight deprivation also changes the way brain cells _27_ with one another, shifting the mice's sensitivity to different frequencies. “This study _28_ what we are learning about how manipulating vision can have a 29 effect on the ability of an animal to hear long after the window for auditory(听党的) learning was thought to have _30_,"said Patrick Kanold, senior author of the study. It was once thought that the sensory regions of the brain were not _31_ after a critical period in childhood. This is why children learn languages much more _32_ than adults. Kanold's earlier research disproved this idea by showing that depriving adult mice of vision for a short period increased the sensitivity of individual neurons in the auditory cortex(皮质), which is devoted to hearing. Young brains wire themselves according to the sounds they hear frequently, assigning areas of the auditory cortex to _33_ frequencies based on what they are used to hearing. The researchers found that, in adult mice,a week in the dark also changed the _34_ of space to different frequencies. “We don't know why we are seeing these patterns,"Kanold said."We _35 that it may have to do with what the mice are paying attention to while they are in the dark." A) adaptable F) neutral K) reinforces B) closed G) permanently L) revealed C) distribution H) prescribes M) significant D) interact I) readily N) specific E) narration J) registered O) speculate
PartIII Reading Comprehension (40 minutes) Section A Directions:In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter. Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once. Scientists have known that depriving adult mice of vision can increase the sensitivity of individual neurons(神经元) in the part of the brain devoted to hearing. New research from biologists at the University of Maryland _26_ that sight deprivation also changes the way brain cells _27_ with one another, shifting the mice's sensitivity to different frequencies. “This study _28_ what we are learning about how manipulating vision can have a 29 effect on the ability of an animal to hear long after the window for auditory(听党的) learning was thought to have _30_,"said Patrick Kanold, senior author of the study. It was once thought that the sensory regions of the brain were not _31_ after a critical period in childhood. This is why children learn languages much more _32_ than adults. Kanold's earlier research disproved this idea by showing that depriving adult mice of vision for a short period increased the sensitivity of individual neurons in the auditory cortex(皮质), which is devoted to hearing. Young brains wire themselves according to the sounds they hear frequently, assigning areas of the auditory cortex to _33_ frequencies based on what they are used to hearing. The researchers found that, in adult mice,a week in the dark also changed the _34_ of space to different frequencies. “We don't know why we are seeing these patterns,"Kanold said."We _35 that it may have to do with what the mice are paying attention to while they are in the dark." A) adaptable F) neutral K) reinforces B) closed G) permanently L) revealed C) distribution H) prescribes M) significant D) interact I) readily N) specific E) narration J) registered O) speculate
题目解答
答案
解析
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26. revealed
- 解析:这句话的意思是“来自马里兰大学的生物学家的新研究揭示了视觉剥夺也会改变脑细胞之间的相互作用方式”。这里需要一个动词来表示“揭示”或“显示”的意思,因此选择 revealed。
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27. interact
- 解析:这句话的意思是“视觉剥夺也会改变脑细胞之间的相互作用方式”。这里需要一个动词来表示“相互作用”或“互动”的意思,因此选择 interact。
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28. reinforces
- 解析:这句话的意思是“这项研究强化了我们对如何通过操纵视觉来影响动物听觉能力的理解”。这里需要一个动词来表示“强化”或“加强”的意思,因此选择 reinforces。
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29. significant
- 解析:这句话的意思是“这项研究强化了我们对如何通过操纵视觉来显著影响动物听觉能力的理解”。这里需要一个形容词来表示“显著的”或“重要的”意思,因此选择 significant。
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30. closed
- 解析:这句话的意思是“这打破了我们认为听觉学习的关键期在童年就已经关闭的观点”。这里需要一个动词来表示“关闭”的意思,因此选择 closed。
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31. adaptable
- 解析:这句话的意思是“人们曾经认为大脑的感觉区域在童年关键期之后就不再具有可塑性”。这里需要一个形容词来表示“可塑的”或“适应的”意思,因此选择 adaptable。
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32. readily
- 解析:这句话的意思是“这就是为什么儿童比成人更容易学习语言”。这里需要一个副词来表示“容易地”或“迅速地”意思,因此选择 readily。
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33. specific
- 解析:这句话的意思是“年轻的大脑会根据它们经常听到的声音来布线,将听觉皮质的不同区域分配给特定的频率”。这里需要一个形容词来表示“特定的”或“具体的”意思,因此选择 specific。
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34. distribution
- 解析:这句话的意思是“研究人员发现,在成年小鼠中,一周的黑暗也改变了对不同频率的空间分布”。这里需要一个名词来表示“分布”的意思,因此选择 distribution。
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35. speculate
- 解析:这句话的意思是“我们推测这可能与小鼠在黑暗中注意的事物有关”。这里需要一个动词来表示“推测”或“猜测”的意思,因此选择 speculate。
答案
- revealed
- interact
- reinforces
- significant
- closed
- adaptable
- readily
- specific
- distribution
- speculate