How did the researchers ensure that their findings are valid? With this study, researchers examined early academic attention and socio-emotional skills and how each contributed to academic success into young adulthood. They found that early attention skills were the most consistent predictor of academic success, and that likability by peers also had a modest effect on academic performance. By fifth grade, children with early attention difficulties had lower grades and reading achievement scores than their peers. As fifth-graders, children with early attention problems obtained average reading scores at least 3% lower than their contemporaries’ and grades at least 8% lower than those of their peers. This was after controlling for IQ, socio-economic status and academic skills at school entry. 请根据材料选择正确答案。A、By attaching equal importance to all possible variables examined.B、By collecting as many typical samples as were necessary.C、By preventing them from being affected by factors not under study.D、By focusing on the family background of the children being studied.
How did the researchers ensure that their findings are valid?
With this study, researchers examined early academic attention and socio-emotional skills and how each contributed to academic success into young adulthood.
They found that early attention skills were the most consistent predictor of academic success, and that likability by peers also had a modest effect on academic performance.
By fifth grade, children with early attention difficulties had lower grades and reading achievement scores than their peers. As fifth-graders, children with early attention problems obtained average reading scores at least 3% lower than their contemporaries’ and grades at least 8% lower than those of their peers. This was after controlling for IQ, socio-economic status and academic skills at school entry.
请根据材料选择正确答案。
- A、By attaching equal importance to all possible variables examined.
- B、By collecting as many typical samples as were necessary.
- C、By preventing them from being affected by factors not under study.
- D、By focusing on the family background of the children being studied.
题目解答
答案
解析
研究人员通过观察早期学术注意力和社交情感技能，以及它们如何对学术成功产生影响，来确保他们的发现是有效的。他们控制了智商、社会经济地位和入学时的学术技能，以确保这些因素不会影响研究结果。
步骤 2：分析选项
A、赋予所有可能变量同等的重要性。这并不是研究中采取的方法，因为研究者控制了某些变量，而不是赋予它们同等的重要性。
B、收集尽可能多的典型样本。虽然样本量很重要，但研究中提到的是控制变量，而不是样本量。
C、防止它们受到未研究因素的影响。这正是研究者所做的，他们控制了智商、社会经济地位和入学时的学术技能，以确保这些因素不会影响研究结果。
D、专注于儿童的家庭背景。研究中并没有提到家庭背景，而是关注了其他变量。
步骤 3：选择正确答案
根据研究方法和分析，正确答案是C，即通过控制其他变量，防止它们受到未研究因素的影响。