Look at the way the paths have_been_swept (被扫过).重点知识 合作探究1press vt. 按，压；敦促 (教材P30)归纳拓展(1)press (sth./sb./yourself) against sth. 使……紧贴于……press sth. into/onto sth. 将……塞进；把……按入press sb. to do sth. 敦促某人做某事press sb. into doing sth. 迫切要求/勉强某人做某事press sb. for sth. 催促/逼迫某人做某事press for sth. 迫切要求……press sth. on sb. 勉强某人接受……；促某人吃(或喝)……(2)n. 报章杂志；报刊；印刷媒体the press/the Press 记者；新闻工作者；新闻界 press conference 媒体记者会；记者招待会①He pressed his back against the door.他后背紧紧靠在门上。②All his family pressed_him_to_receive the job as soon as possible.全家人都催促他尽快接受这份工作。③They continued to press_for a change in the law.他们不断要求修改这项法律。④The story was reported in the press and on television.这件事已在报刊和电视上报道了。(1)单句语法填空①He pressed his face ________ the window.②They agreed to press ________ the conference to deal with the problem.③They are pressing us ________ (make) a quick decision.(2)单句写作①他把一枚硬币塞进她手里,然后继续向前走。He ________________________ her hand and moved on.②不要勉强自己做不喜欢的事情。Don't let yourself ________________________ something you don't like.2in shape 状况良好(教材P31)归纳拓展(1)in (good) shape (身体)状况良好；(事物)情况良好in bad shape 状况不佳；情况糟糕out of shape (因受损、处理不当等)变形的，走样的；身体不好的；不健康的in the shape of ... 呈……形状；以……的形式take shape 形成；成形(2)in case 以防(万一)；免得in line 准备就绪in vain 徒劳in one word 总而言之in fact 事实上in danger 处于危险中in advance 事先；提前①I must get in_shape,_otherwise I will lose the game.我必须保持良好的状态,否则会输了比赛。②The rails were twisted out_of_shape by the earthquake.地震发生后,铁轨扭曲得变形了。③He said I should not make such an important decision when I was in_bad_shape.他说,我不应当在状况不佳时做出如此重要的决定。④It became obvious that all her complaints were in_vain.很明显她所有的抱怨都是白费口舌。(1)单句语法填空①When we say someone is ________ good shape, we mean they are physically sound.②I get out of breath when I run because I'm ________ of shape.(2)单句写作既然你身体状况良好,也许可以开始一项新的运动,比如攀岩。Now that you're ____________, you might take up a new activity, such as rock climbing.3discount n. 折扣　vt. 打折(教材P31)归纳拓展at a discount 打折；以一定折扣get/give/offer a discount (on/off sth.) (对于……)得到/给予/提供折扣 discount prices 折扣价①These shirts are sold at_a_discount because some sizes are not available.这种衬衣断码了,所以打折出售。②We may give a discount_on a large order.大量订购的话我们可以给折扣。③Tour prices are_being_discounted.旅游价格正在打折。即景活用(1)单句语法填空①She bought lots of clothes ________ a discount.②Can you give me some discount ________ this set of silk pajamas?③All CDs were discounted 23% ________ the marked price.(2)单句写作如果你买十本以上,他们通常给你打折。They usually ____________________ if you buy more than ten copies.Grammar 现在完成时的被动语态即景活用即景活用单句语法填空1.We won't start the work until all the preparations ________ (make).2.Despite the previous rounds of talks,no agreement ________ (reach) so far by the two sides.3.In my hometown, there is always a harvest supper for the farmers after all the wheat ________ (cut).4.Shakespeare's play Hamlet ________ (make) into at least ten different films over the past years.5.In the last few years thousands of films ________ (produce) all over the world.6.Every year a flood of farmers arrive in Shenzhen for the money­making jobs they ________ (promise) before leaving their hometowns.即景活用即景活用肯定形式主语＋have/has been＋done ... 否定形式主语＋have/has not been＋done ... 一般疑问式Have/Has＋主语＋ been＋done ...？特殊疑问式特殊疑问词＋have/has＋主语＋ been＋done ...？即景活用1.表示被动的动作在说话之前已经完成,强调过去的动作对现在造成的影响或产生的结果,通常与 already, yet, never, recently等副词及时间状语so far, by now, up till now等连用。The room has_already_been_cleaned.这个房间已经被打扫干净了。(现在已经不用打扫房间了。)The doctor hasn't_been_sent_for yet.还没有派人去请医生。(现在应派人去请医生。)2.表示一个被动的动作或状态从过去开始一直持续到现在,并可能继续持续下去,常与for或 since等引导的时间状语(从句)连用,或用于how long引出的句子中。The machine has_been_repaired_for two hours.这台机器已经被修两个小时了。(可能还会继续被修。)How long has the project been_carried_out?这项工程已经实施多长时间了?(可能还会继续实施。)3.用在时间状语从句中,表示将来某时之前已经完成的动作。We'll start as soon as the work has been finished.这份工作一完成我们就动身。即景活用1.现在完成时的被动语态与一般过去时的被动语态的区别:一般过去时的被动语态表示一个被动的动作发生在过去的某个时间,其结果对现在没有影响;而现在完成时的被动语态侧重于表示一个被动的动作或状态尽管发生在过去,但该动作或状态对现在造成了影响(或产生了结果)。The big fire was_put_out two hours ago.大火在两小时前被扑灭了。(只说明动作发生在过去)The big fire has_been_put_out.大火已经被扑灭了。(说明动作发生在过去,对现在有影响,“现在火灭了”)2.非延续性动词,如borrow, finish, begin, start, buy, marry, open, join等构成的现在完成时的被动语态不能与表示一段时间的状语连用。若要表达相应的意思,则要改换动词或时态,例如:The project has been started for three months. (F)The project has been on for three months.(T)工程已开始三个月了。即景活用将主动句变为被动句或将被动句变为主动句①My father has repaired the TV set.→_________________________②Someone has broken the window.→_________________________③They have asked him some questions.→_________________________④The cake has been eaten by him.→_________________________⑤The door has been locked by him.→_________________________

Look at the way the paths have_been_swept (被扫过).

重点知识 合作探究

1	press vt. 按，压；敦促 (教材P30)
归纳 拓展	(1)press (sth./sb./yourself) against sth. 使……紧贴于…… press sth. into/onto sth. 将……塞进；把……按入 press sb. to do sth. 敦促某人做某事 press sb. into doing sth. 迫切要求/勉强某人做某事 press sb. for sth. 催促/逼迫某人做某事 press for sth. 迫切要求…… press sth. on sb. 勉强某人接受……；促某人吃(或喝)…… (2)n. 报章杂志；报刊；印刷媒体 the press/the Press 记者；新闻工作者；新闻界 press conference 媒体记者会；记者招待会

①He pressed his back against the door.

他后背紧紧靠在门上。

②All his family pressed_him_to_receive the job as soon as possible.

全家人都催促他尽快接受这份工作。

③They continued to press_for a change in the law.

他们不断要求修改这项法律。

④The story was reported in the press and on television.

这件事已在报刊和电视上报道了。

(1)单句语法填空

①He pressed his face ________ the window.

②They agreed to press ________ the conference to deal with the problem.

③They are pressing us ________ (make) a quick decision.

(2)单句写作

①他把一枚硬币塞进她手里,然后继续向前走。

He ________________________ her hand and moved on.

②不要勉强自己做不喜欢的事情。

Don't let yourself ________________________ something you don't like.

2	in shape 状况良好(教材P31)
归纳 拓展	(1)in (good) shape (身体)状况良好；(事物)情况良好 in bad shape 状况不佳；情况糟糕 out of shape (因受损、处理不当等)变形的，走样的；身体不好的；不健康的 in the shape of ... 呈……形状；以……的形式 take shape 形成；成形 (2)in case 以防(万一)；免得 in line 准备就绪 in vain 徒劳 in one word 总而言之 in fact 事实上 in danger 处于危险中 in advance 事先；提前

①I must get in_shape,_otherwise I will lose the game.

我必须保持良好的状态,否则会输了比赛。

②The rails were twisted out_of_shape by the earthquake.

地震发生后,铁轨扭曲得变形了。

③He said I should not make such an important decision when I was in_bad_shape.

他说,我不应当在状况不佳时做出如此重要的决定。

④It became obvious that all her complaints were in_vain.

很明显她所有的抱怨都是白费口舌。

(1)单句语法填空

①When we say someone is ________ good shape, we mean they are physically sound.

②I get out of breath when I run because I'm ________ of shape.

(2)单句写作

既然你身体状况良好,也许可以开始一项新的运动,比如攀岩。

Now that you're ____________, you might take up a new activity, such as rock climbing.

3	discount n. 折扣　vt. 打折(教材P31)
归纳 拓展	at a discount 打折；以一定折扣 get/give/offer a discount (on/off sth.) (对于……)得到/给予/提供折扣 discount prices 折扣价

①These shirts are sold at_a_discount because some sizes are not available.

这种衬衣断码了,所以打折出售。

②We may give a discount_on a large order.

大量订购的话我们可以给折扣。

③Tour prices are_being_discounted.

旅游价格正在打折。

(1)单句语法填空

①She bought lots of clothes ________ a discount.

②Can you give me some discount ________ this set of silk pajamas?

③All CDs were discounted 23% ________ the marked price.

(2)单句写作

如果你买十本以上,他们通常给你打折。

They usually ____________________ if you buy more than ten copies.

Grammar 现在完成时的被动语态

单句语法填空

1.We won't start the work until all the preparations ________ (make).

2.Despite the previous rounds of talks,no agreement ________ (reach) so far by the two sides.

3.In my hometown, there is always a harvest supper for the farmers after all the wheat ________ (cut).

4.Shakespeare's play Hamlet ________ (make) into at least ten different films over the past years.

5.In the last few years thousands of films ________ (produce) all over the world.

6.Every year a flood of farmers arrive in Shenzhen for the money­making jobs they ________ (promise) before leaving their hometowns.

肯定形式	主语＋have/has been＋done ...
否定形式	主语＋have/has not been＋done ...
一般疑问式	Have/Has＋主语＋ been＋done ...？
特殊疑问式	特殊疑问词＋have/has＋主语＋ been＋done ...？

1.表示被动的动作在说话之前已经完成,强调过去的动作对现在造成的影响或产生的结果,通常与 already, yet, never, recently等副词及时间状语so far, by now, up till now等连用。

The room has_already_been_cleaned.

这个房间已经被打扫干净了。(现在已经不用打扫房间了。)

The doctor hasn't_been_sent_for yet.

还没有派人去请医生。(现在应派人去请医生。)

2.表示一个被动的动作或状态从过去开始一直持续到现在,并可能继续持续下去,常与for或 since等引导的时间状语(从句)连用,或用于how long引出的句子中。

The machine has_been_repaired_for two hours.

这台机器已经被修两个小时了。(可能还会继续被修。)

How long has the project been_carried_out?

这项工程已经实施多长时间了?(可能还会继续实施。)

3.用在时间状语从句中,表示将来某时之前已经完成的动作。

We'll start as soon as the work has been finished.

这份工作一完成我们就动身。

1.现在完成时的被动语态与一般过去时的被动语态的区别:

一般过去时的被动语态表示一个被动的动作发生在过去的某个时间,其结果对现在没有影响;而现在完成时的被动语态侧重于表示一个被动的动作或状态尽管发生在过去,但该动作或状态对现在造成了影响(或产生了结果)。

The big fire was_put_out two hours ago.

大火在两小时前被扑灭了。(只说明动作发生在过去)

The big fire has_been_put_out.

大火已经被扑灭了。(说明动作发生在过去,对现在有影响,“现在火灭了”)

2.非延续性动词,如borrow, finish, begin, start, buy, marry, open, join等构成的现在完成时的被动语态不能与表示一段时间的状语连用。若要表达相应的意思,则要改换动词或时态,例如:

The project has been started for three months. (F)

The project has been on for three months.(T)

工程已开始三个月了。

将主动句变为被动句或将被动句变为主动句

①My father has repaired the TV set.

→_________________________

②Someone has broken the window.

→_________________________

③They have asked him some questions.

→_________________________

④The cake has been eaten by him.

→_________________________

⑤The door has been locked by him.

→_________________________