题目
What makes a person a scientist?Does he have ways or tools of learning that are different from those of others?The answer is "no".It is not the tools a scientist usesbut how he uses these tools that makes him a scientist.You will probably agree that knowing how to use a power is important to a carpenter.You will probably agree,toothat knowing how to investigate,how to discover information,is important to everyone.The scientist,however,goes one step further,he must be sure that he has areasonable answer to his questions and that his answer can be confirmed by other persons.He also works to fit the answers he gets to many questions into a large set of ideasabout how the world works.The scientistˊs knowledge must be exact.There is no room for half right or right just half the time.He must be as nearly right as the conditions permit.What worksunder one set of conditions at one time must work under the same conditions at other times.If the con?ditions are different,any changes the scientist observes in ademonstration must be explained by the changes in the conditions.This is one reason that investigations are important in sci?ence.Albert Einstein,who developed the theoryof relativity,arrived at this theory through mathematics.The accuracy of his mathematics was later tested through investigations,Einsteinˊs ideas were shown to becorrect.A scientist uses many tools for measurements.Then the measurements are used to make mathematical calculations that may test his investigations.1.What makes a scientist according to the passage?A) The tools he uses.B) The way he uses his tools.C) His ways of learning.D) The various tools he uses.2."The scientist,however,goes one step further…" The author says this to show ______.A) the importance of informationB) the importance of thinkingC) the difference between scientists and ordinary peopleD) the difference between carpenters and people with other jobs3.A sound scientific theory should be one that ______.A) works not only under one set of conditions at one time,but also under the same conditions at other timesB) does not allow any changes even under different conditionsC) can be used for many purposesD) leaves no room for improvement4.The author quotes the case of Albert Einstein to illustrate ______.A) that measurements are keys to success in scienceB) that accuracy of mathematicsC) that the investigations are important in scienceD) that the mathematical calculations may test his investigations5.What is the main idea of the passage?A) The theory of relativity.B) Exactness is the core of science.C) Scientists are different from ordinary people.D) Exactness and ways of using tools are the keys to the making of a scientist.
What makes a person a scientist?Does he have ways or tools of learning that are different from those of others?The answer is "no".It is not the tools a scientist uses
but how he uses these tools that makes him a scientist.You will probably agree that knowing how to use a power is important to a carpenter.You will probably agree,too
that knowing how to investigate,how to discover information,is important to everyone.The scientist,however,goes one step further,he must be sure that he has a
reasonable answer to his questions and that his answer can be confirmed by other persons.He also works to fit the answers he gets to many questions into a large set of ideas
about how the world works.
The scientistˊs knowledge must be exact.There is no room for half right or right just half the time.He must be as nearly right as the conditions permit.What works
under one set of conditions at one time must work under the same conditions at other times.If the con?ditions are different,any changes the scientist observes in a
demonstration must be explained by the changes in the conditions.This is one reason that investigations are important in sci?ence.Albert Einstein,who developed the theory
of relativity,arrived at this theory through mathematics.The accuracy of his mathematics was later tested through investigations,Einsteinˊs ideas were shown to be
correct.A scientist uses many tools for measurements.Then the measurements are used to make mathematical calculations that may test his investigations.
1.What makes a scientist according to the passage?
A) The tools he uses.
B) The way he uses his tools.
C) His ways of learning.
D) The various tools he uses.
2."The scientist,however,goes one step further…" The author says this to show ______.
A) the importance of information
B) the importance of thinking
C) the difference between scientists and ordinary people
D) the difference between carpenters and people with other jobs
3.A sound scientific theory should be one that ______.
A) works not only under one set of conditions at one time,but also under the same conditions at other times
B) does not allow any changes even under different conditions
C) can be used for many purposes
D) leaves no room for improvement
4.The author quotes the case of Albert Einstein to illustrate ______.
A) that measurements are keys to success in science
B) that accuracy of mathematics
C) that the investigations are important in science
D) that the mathematical calculations may test his investigations
5.What is the main idea of the passage?
A) The theory of relativity.
B) Exactness is the core of science.
C) Scientists are different from ordinary people.
D) Exactness and ways of using tools are the keys to the making of a scientist.
but how he uses these tools that makes him a scientist.You will probably agree that knowing how to use a power is important to a carpenter.You will probably agree,too
that knowing how to investigate,how to discover information,is important to everyone.The scientist,however,goes one step further,he must be sure that he has a
reasonable answer to his questions and that his answer can be confirmed by other persons.He also works to fit the answers he gets to many questions into a large set of ideas
about how the world works.
The scientistˊs knowledge must be exact.There is no room for half right or right just half the time.He must be as nearly right as the conditions permit.What works
under one set of conditions at one time must work under the same conditions at other times.If the con?ditions are different,any changes the scientist observes in a
demonstration must be explained by the changes in the conditions.This is one reason that investigations are important in sci?ence.Albert Einstein,who developed the theory
of relativity,arrived at this theory through mathematics.The accuracy of his mathematics was later tested through investigations,Einsteinˊs ideas were shown to be
correct.A scientist uses many tools for measurements.Then the measurements are used to make mathematical calculations that may test his investigations.
1.What makes a scientist according to the passage?
A) The tools he uses.
B) The way he uses his tools.
C) His ways of learning.
D) The various tools he uses.
2."The scientist,however,goes one step further…" The author says this to show ______.
A) the importance of information
B) the importance of thinking
C) the difference between scientists and ordinary people
D) the difference between carpenters and people with other jobs
3.A sound scientific theory should be one that ______.
A) works not only under one set of conditions at one time,but also under the same conditions at other times
B) does not allow any changes even under different conditions
C) can be used for many purposes
D) leaves no room for improvement
4.The author quotes the case of Albert Einstein to illustrate ______.
A) that measurements are keys to success in science
B) that accuracy of mathematics
C) that the investigations are important in science
D) that the mathematical calculations may test his investigations
5.What is the main idea of the passage?
A) The theory of relativity.
B) Exactness is the core of science.
C) Scientists are different from ordinary people.
D) Exactness and ways of using tools are the keys to the making of a scientist.
题目解答
答案
【文章大意】本文作者主要论述了什么特性能成就一名科学家，在作者看来，准确性和使用工具的方法是成为科学家的关键。
1.【答案】B
【解析】本题问什么成就了一位科学家，根据第二行It is not the tools a scientist uses but how he uses these tools that makes him a scientist(不是他使用的工具而是他如何使用这些工具使他成为了一名科学家)可知，B 使用工具的方式，符合题意；A 他使用的工具，C 他学习的方法，D 他使用的各种各样的工具，都不符合题意。
2.【答案】C
【解析】本题问作者说“r然而科学家更进一步”想说明什么，根据he must be sure that he has a reasonable answer to his questions and that his answer can be confirmed by other persons(他必须确定他得到一个有道理的答案，并且这个答案能够被他人认可)可知，此处作者想说科学家和普通人的区别，C选项正确；A 信息的重要性，B 思考的重要性，D 木架和其他工种的人的区别，都不符合题意。
3.【答案】A
【解析】本题问合理的理论是怎样的，根据What works under one set of conditions at one time must work under the same conditions at other times(在一定时间一定条件下有效的理论需要最其他时间的同等条件下同样有效)可知，A 不仅在一个时间的一定条件下有效，在其他时间的同等条件下也有效，符合题意；B 即使在不同条件下也不允许任何变化， C 可以用来满足很多目的，D 没有优化空间，都不符合题意。
4.【答案】C
【解析】本题问作者引用Albert Einstein的例子想展现什么，根据.This is one reason that investigations are important in science(这就是为什么调查研究在科学里很重要的原因)可知，C选项 调查研究在科学中很重要，符合题意；A 计量是科学成功的关键，B 数学的准确性，D 数学计算可以检验调查研究，都不符合题意。
5.【答案】D
【解析】本题问文章的中心思想是什么，根据全文内容可知，作者一直在论述对于科学家来说重要的是什么，即什么特性能成就一名科学家，因此D选项 准确性和使用工具的方法是成为科学家的关键，符合题意；A 实在论，B 准确性是科学的中心，C 科学家和普通人不同，都不符合题意。
解析
步骤 1：理解问题
问题要求我们根据文章内容回答关于科学家的几个问题。文章主要讨论了科学家的特质，包括他们如何使用工具、如何进行调查研究以及科学理论的准确性。
步骤 2：分析问题1
问题1询问根据文章内容，什么使一个人成为科学家。文章中提到，科学家使用工具的方式，而不是工具本身，使他成为科学家。因此，正确答案是B选项。
步骤 3：分析问题2
问题2询问作者说“然而科学家更进一步”想说明什么。文章中提到，科学家必须确保他得到一个有道理的答案，并且这个答案能够被他人认可。因此，正确答案是C选项，即科学家和普通人的区别。
步骤 4：分析问题3
问题3询问合理的科学理论是怎样的。文章中提到，科学理论在一定时间一定条件下有效的理论需要在其他时间的同等条件下同样有效。因此，正确答案是A选项。
步骤 5：分析问题4
问题4询问作者引用Albert Einstein的例子想展现什么。文章中提到，这就是为什么调查研究在科学里很重要的原因。因此，正确答案是C选项，即调查研究在科学中很重要。
步骤 6：分析问题5
问题5询问文章的中心思想是什么。文章主要讨论了科学家的特质，包括他们如何使用工具、如何进行调查研究以及科学理论的准确性。因此，正确答案是D选项，即准确性和使用工具的方法是成为科学家的关键。
问题要求我们根据文章内容回答关于科学家的几个问题。文章主要讨论了科学家的特质，包括他们如何使用工具、如何进行调查研究以及科学理论的准确性。
步骤 2：分析问题1
问题1询问根据文章内容，什么使一个人成为科学家。文章中提到，科学家使用工具的方式，而不是工具本身，使他成为科学家。因此，正确答案是B选项。
步骤 3：分析问题2
问题2询问作者说“然而科学家更进一步”想说明什么。文章中提到，科学家必须确保他得到一个有道理的答案，并且这个答案能够被他人认可。因此，正确答案是C选项，即科学家和普通人的区别。
步骤 4：分析问题3
问题3询问合理的科学理论是怎样的。文章中提到，科学理论在一定时间一定条件下有效的理论需要在其他时间的同等条件下同样有效。因此，正确答案是A选项。
步骤 5：分析问题4
问题4询问作者引用Albert Einstein的例子想展现什么。文章中提到，这就是为什么调查研究在科学里很重要的原因。因此，正确答案是C选项，即调查研究在科学中很重要。
步骤 6：分析问题5
问题5询问文章的中心思想是什么。文章主要讨论了科学家的特质，包括他们如何使用工具、如何进行调查研究以及科学理论的准确性。因此，正确答案是D选项，即准确性和使用工具的方法是成为科学家的关键。