Section B-|||-Directions: In this section,you are going to read a passage with ten statements attacked to it.Each statement contains-|||-information given in one of the paragraphs.Identify the paragraph from which the information is derived.You may choose-|||-a paragraph more than once.Each paragraph is marked with a letter Answer the questions by marking the corresponding-|||-letter on Answer Sheet 2.-|||-Green Growth-|||-A)The enrichment of previously poor countries is the most inspiring development of our time.It is also worrying.The-|||-nvironment is already under strain.What will happen when the glabal population rises from 7 billion today to 9.3-|||-billion in 2050,asdemogrophers(人口统计学家)cxp and a growing proportion of these people can afford goods-|||-that were once reserved for the elite?Can the planet support so much cconomic activity?-|||-B)Many policymakers adop a and Westem-centric approa such planetary problems.They discuss ambitious-|||-regulations in global forums,or look to giant multinationals and wealthy NGOs to set an example.But since most people-|||-live in the emerging world, it makes sense to look at what successful companies there are doing to make growth more-|||-sustainable.-|||-C)Anew study by the World Economic Forum(WEF)and the Boston Consulting Group (BCG)identifies 16 cmerging--|||-market firms that they say are tuming cconnessicssim of competitive advantage These highly profitable-|||-companies (which the study calls"the new sustainability champi are using greenery to reduce costs,motivate-|||-workers and forge relationships.Their home grown ideas will probably be easier for their peers to copy than anything-|||-cooked up in the West.-|||-D)The most outstanding quality of these companic that they turn limitations (of resources labor and infrastructure)-|||-opportunities.Thus,India`s Shree Cement,which has long suffered from water shortages,developed the world`s most-|||-water-efficient method for making cement,in part by using air-cooling rather than water-cooling Manila Water,a utility-|||-in the Philippines,reduce the amount of water it was losing,through wastage and illegal tapping,from 63%in 1997 to-|||-12%in2010 by making water affordable for the poor.Broad Group,Chinese maker of air conditioners, taps the waste-|||-heat from buildings to power its machines.Zhangzidao Fishe Group, a Chinese aquacuture(水产养殖)company-|||-recycles uneaten fish feed to fertilize crops.-|||-E)Setting green goals is a common practice Sekem,an Egyptian food producer, set itself the task o I cultivating desert land-|||-through organic farming Florida Ice&Farm,a Costa Rican food and drink company, has adopted strict standards for the-|||-amount of water it can consume in producing drin-|||-F)These firms measure themselves by their greenery,too.Florida Ice & Farm,for example, links 60% of its boss`s pay-|||-to the triple bottom line of "people,planet and profit"The sustainability champi encourage their workers t-|||-come up with green ideas.Natura,a Brazilian cosmetics compa gives bonuses to staff who find ways to reduce the-|||-firm`s impact on the cnvironment.Masisa, a Chilean forestry company,invites employees to "ima unimaginable-|||-businesses"aimed at poore consumers.Woolwhe,a South African retailer,claims that many of its best green ideas-|||-have come from staff, not bosses.-|||-G)In emerging markets it is hard for companies to stick to one specialism,because they have to worry about so many-|||-wider problems,from humble infrastructure to unreliable supply chains.So the sustainability champions seek to shape-|||-the business environment which they operate.They lobby(游说)regulators Gnupo Balbo,a Brazilian o-|||-producer, is working with the Brazilian govemment to establish a certificat system for organic products.They form-|||-partnerships with governm and NGOs.Kenya`s Equity Bank has formed an alliance with groups such as The-|||-International Fund for Agricultural Development reduce its risks when lending to smallholders.Natura has worked-|||-with its suppliers to produce sustainable packaging,including a new "green" plastic derived from sugar cane.-|||-H)The firms also work hard to reach and educate poor consumers, often sacrificing short-term pr to create future-|||-markets.Masisa organizes local carpenters into networks and connects them to low -income furniture buyers.Broad-|||-Group has developed a miniature device for measuring air pollution that can fit into mobile phones.Jain Irrigation,an-|||-Indian maker of irrigation systems,uses dance and song to explain the benefits of drip irrigation to farmers who can`t-|||-read.Suntech,a Chinese solar-power company,has established a low-carbon museum to celebrate ways of reducing-|||-carbon-dioxide emissions.-|||-Rich because green,or green because rich?-|||-1)One could disagree with BCG`s analysis.Phil Rosenzweig of Switzerland`s IMD busines school has argued that-|||-management writers are prone to"the halo effect": they treat the temporary success of a company as proof that it has-|||-discovered some eternal principle of good management. The fact that some successful companies have cmbraced-|||-greenery does not prove that greenery makes a firm successful Some firms,having prospered,find they can afford to-|||-go green. Some successful firms pursue greenery for public -relations purposes.And for every sustainable cmergin-|||-champion,there are surely 100 firms that have prospered by releasing waste gas into the air or pumping toxins into-|||-rivers.-|||-1)Nonetheless,the central message of the WEF-BCG study--that some of the best emerging world companies are-|||-combining profits with greenery-is thought-provo Many critics of environmentalism argue that it is a rich world-|||-luxury: that the poor need adequate food before they need super-clean air.Some even see greenery as a rich -world trick:-|||-the West grew rich by industrializing (polluting),but now wants to stop the rest of the world from following suit.-|||-The WEF-BCG report demonstrates that such fears are overblown.Emerging-world can be just as green as-|||-their Westem rivals.Many have found that,when natural resources are scarce and consumers lack money,greenery can-|||-be a profitable business strat-|||-36.An air-conditioner manula the waste heat from buildings to supply its machines with power.-|||-37.Many critics of environmentalism hold view that greenery is a rich-world luxury because that`s not what the poor-|||-people badly want.-|||-38.Workers of the sustainality champion are motivated to bring forward green ideas.-|||-39.It is meaningful to study what successful companies in the emerging world are doing to achieve more sustainable growth,-|||-since most people live there.-|||-40.It is difficult for companies in emerging markets to keep focusing on one specific problem because they have many wider-|||-problems to worry about-|||-41.Although some successful firms have embraced greenery, it doc mean that greenery will lead to the success of a-|||-firm.-|||-42.It will probably be easier for companics to follow the home-grown ideas than those invented in the West.-|||-43. It has been found that greenery can be profitable when natural resources are scarce and consumers are short of cash.-|||-44.Sekem,which produces food in Egypt,set a goal to cultivate desert land through organic farming.-|||-45.To create future markets, the firms also make effort to reach and educate poor consumers,often at the cost of short -term-|||-profits.