题目
For thousands of years， people have known that the best way to understand a concept is to explain it to others． "While we teach， we learn，" said Roman philosopher Seneca． Now scientists are bringing this ancient wisdom up-to-date． They're documenting why teaching is such a fruitful way to learn， and designing innovative ways for young people to engage in instruction． Researchers have found that students who sign up to tutor others work harder to understand the material，recall it more accurately and apply it more effectively． Student teachers score higher on tests than pupils who're learning only for their own sake． But how can children teach others while learning themselves？ One answer： They can tutor younger kids． Some studies have found that first-born children are more intelligent than their later-born siblings (兄弟姐妹)． This suggests their higher IQs result from the time they spend teaching their siblings． Now educators are experimenting with ways to apply this model to academic subjects． They engage college undergraduates to teach computer science to high school students， who then in turn instruct middle school students on the topic． But the most cutting-edge tool under development is the "teachable agent"-a computerized character who learns， tries， makes mistakes and asks questions just like a real-world pupil． Computer scientists have created an animated(动画的) figure called Betty's Brain， who has been "taught" about environmental science by hundreds of middle school students． Student teachers are motivated to help Betty master certain materials． While preparing to teach， they organize their knowledge and improve their own understanding． And as they explain the information to it， they identify problems in their own thinking． Feedback from the teachable agent further enhances the tutor's learning． The agents' questions force student teachers to think and explain the materials in different ways， and watching the agent solve problems allows them to see their knowledge put into action． Above all， it's the emotions one experiences in teaching that facilitate learning． Student teachers feel upset when their teachable agents fail， but happy when these virtual pupils succeed as they gain pride and satisfaction from someone else's accomplishment． (9)What are researchers rediscovering through their studies？___ A．Seneca's thinking is still applicable today． B．Better learners will become better teachers． C．Human intelligence tends to grow with age． D．Philosophical thinking improves instruction． What do we learn about Betty's Brain？___ A．It is a character in a popular animation． B．It is a teaching tool under development． C．It is a cutting-edge app in digital games． D．It is a tutor for computer science students． How does teaching others benefit student tutors？___ A．It makes them aware of what they are strong at． B．It motivates them to try novel ways of teaching． C．It helps them learn their academic subjects better． D．It enables them to better understand their teachers． What is the key factor that eases student tutors' learning？___ A．Their sense of responsibility． B．Their emotional involvement． C．The learning strategy acquired． D．The teaching experience gained．
For thousands of years， people have known that the best way to understand a concept is to explain it to others． "While we teach， we learn，" said Roman philosopher Seneca． Now scientists are bringing this ancient wisdom up-to-date． They're documenting why teaching is such a fruitful way to learn， and designing innovative ways for young people to engage in instruction．
Researchers have found that students who sign up to tutor others work harder to understand the material，recall it more accurately and apply it more effectively． Student teachers score higher on tests than pupils who're learning only for their own sake． But how can children teach others while learning themselves？ One answer： They can tutor younger kids． Some studies have found that first-born children are more intelligent than their later-born siblings (兄弟姐妹)． This suggests their higher IQs result from the time they spend teaching their siblings． Now educators are experimenting with ways to apply this model to academic subjects． They engage college undergraduates to teach computer science to high school students， who then in turn instruct middle school students on the topic．
But the most cutting-edge tool under development is the "teachable agent"-a computerized character who learns， tries， makes mistakes and asks questions just like a real-world pupil． Computer scientists have created an animated(动画的) figure called Betty's Brain， who has been "taught" about environmental science by hundreds of middle school students． Student teachers are motivated to help Betty master certain materials． While preparing to teach， they organize their knowledge and improve their own understanding． And as they explain the information to it， they identify problems in their own thinking．
Feedback from the teachable agent further enhances the tutor's learning． The agents' questions force student teachers to think and explain the materials in different ways， and watching the agent solve problems allows them to see their knowledge put into action．
Above all， it's the emotions one experiences in teaching that facilitate learning． Student teachers feel upset when their teachable agents fail， but happy when these virtual pupils succeed as they gain pride and satisfaction from someone else's accomplishment．
(9)What are researchers rediscovering through their studies？___
A．Seneca's thinking is still applicable today．
B．Better learners will become better teachers．
C．Human intelligence tends to grow with age．
D．Philosophical thinking improves instruction．
What do we learn about Betty's Brain？___
A．It is a character in a popular animation．
B．It is a teaching tool under development．
C．It is a cutting-edge app in digital games．
D．It is a tutor for computer science students．
How does teaching others benefit student tutors？___
A．It makes them aware of what they are strong at．
B．It motivates them to try novel ways of teaching．
C．It helps them learn their academic subjects better．
D．It enables them to better understand their teachers．
What is the key factor that eases student tutors' learning？___
A．Their sense of responsibility．
B．Their emotional involvement．
C．The learning strategy acquired．
D．The teaching experience gained．
Researchers have found that students who sign up to tutor others work harder to understand the material，recall it more accurately and apply it more effectively． Student teachers score higher on tests than pupils who're learning only for their own sake． But how can children teach others while learning themselves？ One answer： They can tutor younger kids． Some studies have found that first-born children are more intelligent than their later-born siblings (兄弟姐妹)． This suggests their higher IQs result from the time they spend teaching their siblings． Now educators are experimenting with ways to apply this model to academic subjects． They engage college undergraduates to teach computer science to high school students， who then in turn instruct middle school students on the topic．
But the most cutting-edge tool under development is the "teachable agent"-a computerized character who learns， tries， makes mistakes and asks questions just like a real-world pupil． Computer scientists have created an animated(动画的) figure called Betty's Brain， who has been "taught" about environmental science by hundreds of middle school students． Student teachers are motivated to help Betty master certain materials． While preparing to teach， they organize their knowledge and improve their own understanding． And as they explain the information to it， they identify problems in their own thinking．
Feedback from the teachable agent further enhances the tutor's learning． The agents' questions force student teachers to think and explain the materials in different ways， and watching the agent solve problems allows them to see their knowledge put into action．
Above all， it's the emotions one experiences in teaching that facilitate learning． Student teachers feel upset when their teachable agents fail， but happy when these virtual pupils succeed as they gain pride and satisfaction from someone else's accomplishment．
(9)What are researchers rediscovering through their studies？___
A．Seneca's thinking is still applicable today．
B．Better learners will become better teachers．
C．Human intelligence tends to grow with age．
D．Philosophical thinking improves instruction．
What do we learn about Betty's Brain？___
A．It is a character in a popular animation．
B．It is a teaching tool under development．
C．It is a cutting-edge app in digital games．
D．It is a tutor for computer science students．
How does teaching others benefit student tutors？___
A．It makes them aware of what they are strong at．
B．It motivates them to try novel ways of teaching．
C．It helps them learn their academic subjects better．
D．It enables them to better understand their teachers．
What is the key factor that eases student tutors' learning？___
A．Their sense of responsibility．
B．Their emotional involvement．
C．The learning strategy acquired．
D．The teaching experience gained．
题目解答
答案
9．A．细节理解题．根据第二段 Researchers have found that students who sign up to tutor others work harder to understand the material， recall it more accurately and apply it more effectively．可知，研究人员通过他们的研究重新发现塞内卡的思想今天仍然适用．故选A．
10．B．细节理解题．根据第三段Computer scientists have created an animated (动画的) figure called Betty's Brain， who has been "taught" about environmental science by hundreds of middle school students计算机科学家创造了一个名为Betty's Brain的动画人物，他被数百名中学生"讲授"了环境科学．可知，贝蒂的大脑是一个正在开发的教学工具．故选B．
11．C．细节理解题．根据第三段 While preparing to teach， they organize their knowledge and improve their own understanding． And as they explain the information to it， they identify problems in their own thinking．在准备教学的同时，他们组织自己的知识并提高自己的理解力．当他们向其解释信息时，他们会发现自己的想法存在问题．可知，教导他人使学生导师受益，是因为这有助于他们更好地学习他们的学术科目．故选C．
12．B．细节理解题．根据最后一段Above all， it's the emotions one experiences in teaching that facilitate learning． 最重要的是，这是教学中体验到的促进学习的情感．可知，情感参与是减轻学生导师学习的关键因素．故选B．
10．B．细节理解题．根据第三段Computer scientists have created an animated (动画的) figure called Betty's Brain， who has been "taught" about environmental science by hundreds of middle school students计算机科学家创造了一个名为Betty's Brain的动画人物，他被数百名中学生"讲授"了环境科学．可知，贝蒂的大脑是一个正在开发的教学工具．故选B．
11．C．细节理解题．根据第三段 While preparing to teach， they organize their knowledge and improve their own understanding． And as they explain the information to it， they identify problems in their own thinking．在准备教学的同时，他们组织自己的知识并提高自己的理解力．当他们向其解释信息时，他们会发现自己的想法存在问题．可知，教导他人使学生导师受益，是因为这有助于他们更好地学习他们的学术科目．故选C．
12．B．细节理解题．根据最后一段Above all， it's the emotions one experiences in teaching that facilitate learning． 最重要的是，这是教学中体验到的促进学习的情感．可知，情感参与是减轻学生导师学习的关键因素．故选B．
解析
步骤 1：理解问题背景
文章讨论了通过教学来学习的概念，以及研究人员如何通过实验和创新方法来验证这一概念的有效性。文章提到了几个关键点，包括学生在准备教学时如何提高自己的理解，以及情感因素如何促进学习。
步骤 2：分析问题
问题9询问研究人员通过他们的研究重新发现了什么。文章提到，研究人员发现学生在准备教学时会更努力地理解材料，更准确地回忆材料，并更有效地应用材料。这与塞内卡的名言“当我们教的时候，我们也在学”相呼应，表明塞内卡的思想在今天仍然适用。
问题10询问关于Betty's Brain的信息。文章提到Betty's Brain是一个正在开发的教学工具，它是一个计算机化的角色，可以像真实的学生一样学习、尝试、犯错和提问。它已经被数百名中学生“教授”了环境科学。
问题11询问教导他人如何使学生导师受益。文章提到，学生导师在准备教学时会组织他们的知识并提高自己的理解。当他们向虚拟学生解释信息时，他们可以识别自己思维中的问题。这表明教导他人有助于学生导师更好地学习他们的学术科目。
问题12询问促进学生导师学习的关键因素。文章提到，最重要的是在教学中体验到的情感，这有助于学习。学生导师在他们的虚拟学生失败时会感到沮丧，但在他们成功时会感到高兴，因为他们从他人的成就中获得了自豪感和满足感。这表明情感参与是促进学生导师学习的关键因素。
文章讨论了通过教学来学习的概念，以及研究人员如何通过实验和创新方法来验证这一概念的有效性。文章提到了几个关键点，包括学生在准备教学时如何提高自己的理解，以及情感因素如何促进学习。
步骤 2：分析问题
问题9询问研究人员通过他们的研究重新发现了什么。文章提到，研究人员发现学生在准备教学时会更努力地理解材料，更准确地回忆材料，并更有效地应用材料。这与塞内卡的名言“当我们教的时候，我们也在学”相呼应，表明塞内卡的思想在今天仍然适用。
问题10询问关于Betty's Brain的信息。文章提到Betty's Brain是一个正在开发的教学工具，它是一个计算机化的角色，可以像真实的学生一样学习、尝试、犯错和提问。它已经被数百名中学生“教授”了环境科学。
问题11询问教导他人如何使学生导师受益。文章提到，学生导师在准备教学时会组织他们的知识并提高自己的理解。当他们向虚拟学生解释信息时，他们可以识别自己思维中的问题。这表明教导他人有助于学生导师更好地学习他们的学术科目。
问题12询问促进学生导师学习的关键因素。文章提到，最重要的是在教学中体验到的情感，这有助于学习。学生导师在他们的虚拟学生失败时会感到沮丧，但在他们成功时会感到高兴，因为他们从他人的成就中获得了自豪感和满足感。这表明情感参与是促进学生导师学习的关键因素。