题目
What makes a person a scientist? Does he have ways or tools of learning that are different from those of others? The answer is “no”. It is not the tools a scientist uses but how he uses these tools that makes him a scientist. You will probably agree that knowing how to use a power is important to a carpenter. You will probably agree, too, that knowing how to investigate(调查),how to discover information, is important to everyone. The scientist, however, goes one step further, he must be sure that he has a reasonable answer to his questions and that his answer can be confirmed by other persons. He also works to fit the answers he gets to many questions into a large set of ideas about how the world works The scientist’s knowledge must be exact. There is no room for half right or right just half the time. He must be as nearly right as the conditions permit. What works under one set of conditions at one time must work under the same conditions at other times. If the conditions are different, any changes the scientist observes in a demonstration must be explained by the changes in the conditions. This is one reason that investigations are important in science. Albert Einstein, who developed the theory of relativity, arrived at this theory through mathematics. The accuracy of his mathematics was later tested through investigations. Einstein’s ideas were shown to be correct. A scientist uses many tools for measurements. Then the measurements are used to make mathematical calculations that may test his investigations. 51.What makes a scientist according to the passage? A. The tools he uses. B. His ways of learning. C. The way he uses his tools. D. The various tools he use 52.“The scientist, however, goes one step further,” the author says this to show 。 A. the importance of information B. the importance of thinking C. the difference between scientists and ordinary people D. the difference between carpenters and people with other jobs. 53. A sound scientific theory should be one that . A. does not only work under one set of conditions at one time, but also works under the same conditions at other times B. leaves no room for improvement C. does not allow any change even under different conditions D. can be used for many purposes 54. What is the main idea of the passage? A.Scientists are different from ordinary people. B. The theory of relativity. C. Exactness is the core（核心）of science. D.Exactness and way of using tools are the keys to the making of a scientist.
What makes a person a scientist? Does he have ways or tools of learning that are different from those of others? The answer is “no”. It is not the tools a scientist uses but how he uses these tools that makes him a scientist. You will probably agree that knowing how to use a power is important to a carpenter. You will probably agree, too, that knowing how to investigate(调查),how to discover information, is important to everyone. The scientist, however, goes one step further, he must be sure that he has a reasonable answer to his questions and that his answer can be confirmed by other persons. He also works to fit the answers he gets to many questions into a large set of ideas about how the world works 
The scientist’s knowledge must be exact. There is no room for half right or right just half the time. He must be as nearly right as the conditions permit. What works under one set of conditions at one time must work under the same conditions at other times. If the conditions are different, any changes the scientist observes in a demonstration must be explained by the changes in the conditions. This is one reason that investigations are important in science. Albert Einstein, who developed the theory of relativity, arrived at this theory through mathematics. The accuracy of his mathematics was later tested through investigations. Einstein’s ideas were shown to be correct. A scientist uses many tools for measurements. Then the measurements are used to make mathematical calculations that may test his investigations.
51.What makes a scientist according to the passage?
A. The tools he uses. B. His ways of learning.
C. The way he uses his tools. D. The various tools he use
52.“The scientist, however, goes one step further,” the author says this to show 。
A. the importance of information
B. the importance of thinking
C. the difference between scientists and ordinary people
D. the difference between carpenters and people with other jobs.
53. A sound scientific theory should be one that .
A. does not only work under one set of conditions at one time, but also works under the same conditions at other times
B. leaves no room for improvement
C. does not allow any change even under different conditions
D. can be used for many purposes
54. What is the main idea of the passage?
A.Scientists are different from ordinary people.
B. The theory of relativity.
C. Exactness is the core（核心）of science.
D.Exactness and way of using tools are the keys to the making of a scientist.
The scientist’s knowledge must be exact. There is no room for half right or right just half the time. He must be as nearly right as the conditions permit. What works under one set of conditions at one time must work under the same conditions at other times. If the conditions are different, any changes the scientist observes in a demonstration must be explained by the changes in the conditions. This is one reason that investigations are important in science. Albert Einstein, who developed the theory of relativity, arrived at this theory through mathematics. The accuracy of his mathematics was later tested through investigations. Einstein’s ideas were shown to be correct. A scientist uses many tools for measurements. Then the measurements are used to make mathematical calculations that may test his investigations.
51.What makes a scientist according to the passage?
A. The tools he uses. B. His ways of learning.
C. The way he uses his tools. D. The various tools he use
52.“The scientist, however, goes one step further,” the author says this to show 。
A. the importance of information
B. the importance of thinking
C. the difference between scientists and ordinary people
D. the difference between carpenters and people with other jobs.
53. A sound scientific theory should be one that .
A. does not only work under one set of conditions at one time, but also works under the same conditions at other times
B. leaves no room for improvement
C. does not allow any change even under different conditions
D. can be used for many purposes
54. What is the main idea of the passage?
A.Scientists are different from ordinary people.
B. The theory of relativity.
C. Exactness is the core（核心）of science.
D.Exactness and way of using tools are the keys to the making of a scientist.
题目解答
答案
51-54CCAD
解析
步骤 1：理解问题
问题要求我们根据文章内容回答四个选择题，每个问题都要求我们从四个选项中选择一个最合适的答案。
步骤 2：分析问题 51
问题 51 询问根据文章内容，什么使一个人成为科学家。文章中提到“不是科学家使用的工具，而是他如何使用这些工具使他成为科学家。”因此，正确答案是 C. The way he uses his tools.
步骤 3：分析问题 52
问题 52 询问作者说“然而，科学家更进一步”是为了展示什么。文章中提到科学家不仅需要知道如何调查和发现信息，还需要确保他的答案是合理的，并且可以被其他人确认。因此，正确答案是 C. the difference between scientists and ordinary people.
步骤 4：分析问题 53
问题 53 询问一个合理的科学理论应该是什么样的。文章中提到科学家的知识必须是精确的，而且在相同条件下，无论何时都必须有效。因此，正确答案是 A. does not only work under one set of conditions at one time, but also works under the same conditions at other times.
步骤 5：分析问题 54
问题 54 询问文章的主要思想是什么。文章主要讨论了科学家如何使用工具和精确性的重要性。因此，正确答案是 D. Exactness and way of using tools are the keys to the making of a scientist.
问题要求我们根据文章内容回答四个选择题，每个问题都要求我们从四个选项中选择一个最合适的答案。
步骤 2：分析问题 51
问题 51 询问根据文章内容，什么使一个人成为科学家。文章中提到“不是科学家使用的工具，而是他如何使用这些工具使他成为科学家。”因此，正确答案是 C. The way he uses his tools.
步骤 3：分析问题 52
问题 52 询问作者说“然而，科学家更进一步”是为了展示什么。文章中提到科学家不仅需要知道如何调查和发现信息，还需要确保他的答案是合理的，并且可以被其他人确认。因此，正确答案是 C. the difference between scientists and ordinary people.
步骤 4：分析问题 53
问题 53 询问一个合理的科学理论应该是什么样的。文章中提到科学家的知识必须是精确的，而且在相同条件下，无论何时都必须有效。因此，正确答案是 A. does not only work under one set of conditions at one time, but also works under the same conditions at other times.
步骤 5：分析问题 54
问题 54 询问文章的主要思想是什么。文章主要讨论了科学家如何使用工具和精确性的重要性。因此，正确答案是 D. Exactness and way of using tools are the keys to the making of a scientist.