题目
Passage6 It is difficult to imagine what life would be like without memory. The meanings of thousands of everyday perceptions, the bases for the decisions we make, and the roots of our habits and skills are to be found in our past experiences, which are brought into the present by memory. Memory can be defined as the capacity to keep information available for later use. It not only includes"remembering"things like artthmetic or historical facts but also involves any change in the way an animal typically behaves. Memory is involved when a rat gives up eating grain because he has sniffed something suspicious in the grain pile. Memory is also involved when a six-year-old child learns to swing a baseball bat. Memory exists not only in humans and animals but also in some physical objects and machines. Computers, for example, contain devices for storing data for later use. It is interesting to compare the memory-storage capacity of a computer with that of a human being. The instant-access memory of a large computer may hold up to 100,000"words"-ready for instant use. An average American teenager probably recognizes the meaning of about 100,000 words of English. However, this is but a fraction of the total amount of information which the teenager has stored. Consider, for example, the number of faces and places that the teenager can recognize on sight. The use of words is the basis of the advanced problem-solving intelligence of human beings.A large part of a person's memory is in terms of words and combinations of words. 1. According to the passage, memory is considered to be _. A. the basis for decision making and problem solving B. the ability to store information for future use C. an intelligence typically possessed by human beings D. the data mainly consisting of words and combinations of words 2. The comparison between the memory capacity of a large computer and that of a human being shows that _. A. computer's memory has a little bigger capacity than a teenager's B. computer's memory capacity is much smaller than an adult human being's C. computer's memory capacity is much smaller even than a teenager's D. computer's memory capacity is the same as a teenager's 3. It is implied in the passage that _. A. only human beings have problem-solving intelligence B.a person's memory is different from a computer's in every respect C. animals can solve very simple problems D. animals solve problems by instinct rather than intelligence 4. The phrase"in terms of"in the last sentence can be best replaced by"_". A. in connection with B. expressed by C. consisting D. by means of
Passage6 It is difficult to imagine what life would be like without memory. The meanings of thousands of everyday perceptions, the bases for the decisions we make, and the roots of our habits and skills are to be found in our past experiences, which are brought into the present by memory. Memory can be defined as the capacity to keep information available for later use. It not only includes"remembering"things like artthmetic or historical facts but also involves any change in the way an animal typically behaves. Memory is involved when a rat gives up eating grain because he has sniffed something suspicious in the grain pile. Memory is also involved when a six-year-old child learns to swing a baseball bat. Memory exists not only in humans and animals but also in some physical objects and machines. Computers, for example, contain devices for storing data for later use. It is interesting to compare the memory-storage capacity of a computer with that of a human being. The instant-access memory of a large computer may hold up to 100,000"words"-ready for instant use. An average American teenager probably recognizes the meaning of about 100,000 words of English. However, this is but a fraction of the total amount of information which the teenager has stored. Consider, for example, the number of faces and places that the teenager can recognize on sight. The use of words is the basis of the advanced problem-solving intelligence of human beings.A large part of a person's memory is in terms of words and combinations of words. 1. According to the passage, memory is considered to be _. A. the basis for decision making and problem solving B. the ability to store information for future use C. an intelligence typically possessed by human beings D. the data mainly consisting of words and combinations of words 2. The comparison between the memory capacity of a large computer and that of a human being shows that _. A. computer's memory has a little bigger capacity than a teenager's B. computer's memory capacity is much smaller than an adult human being's C. computer's memory capacity is much smaller even than a teenager's D. computer's memory capacity is the same as a teenager's 3. It is implied in the passage that _. A. only human beings have problem-solving intelligence B.a person's memory is different from a computer's in every respect C. animals can solve very simple problems D. animals solve problems by instinct rather than intelligence 4. The phrase"in terms of"in the last sentence can be best replaced by"_". A. in connection with B. expressed by C. consisting D. by means of
题目解答
答案
1. 根据第二段，记忆是“将信息存储以备将来使用的能力”，故选B。
2. 文章指出，计算机的即时存储（100,000“单词”）远小于青少年总记忆（包括面孔、地点等），故选C。
3. 第二段提到老鼠因嗅觉变化而停止吃谷物，说明动物可解决简单问题，故选C。
4. “in terms of”表示“以……形式”，对应“expressed by”，故选B。
答案：
1. B. the ability to store information for future use
2. C. computer's memory capacity is much smaller even than a teenager's
3. C. animals can solve very simple problems
4. B. expressed by
解析
本题主要考查对文章内容的理解和推理能力。。解题思路是仔细阅读文章，根据题目要求定位相关信息，然后进行分析和判断。
第1. 根据文章，记忆被认为是 _
文章第二段提到“Memory can be defined as the capacity to keep information available for later use”，即记忆被定义为将信息存储以备将来使用的能力。
- A选项“决策和问题解决的基础”，文章只是说记忆与决策有关，但不是定义记忆的内容。
- B选项“为将来使用存储信息的能力”，与文章定义一致。
- C选项“人类通常拥有的一种智力”，文章未提及。
- D选项“主要由单词和单词组合组成的数据”，文章未提及。
2. 大型计算机的内存容量与人类的内存容量的比较表明 _
文章指出“The instant - access memory of a large computer may hold up to 100,000‘words’ - ready for instant use. An average American teenager probably recognizes the meaning of about 100,000 words of English. However, this is but a fraction of the total amount of information which the teenager has stored. Consider, for example, the number of faces and places that the teenager can recognize on sight”，大型计算机的即时存储（100,000“单词”）远小于青少年总记忆（包括面孔、地点等）。
- A选项“计算机的内存容量比青少年的稍大”，与文章表明计算机内存容量远小于青少年。
- B选项“计算机的内存容量比成年人的小得多”，文章未提及与成年人的比较。
- C选项“计算机的内存容量甚至比青少年的小得多”，与文章内容相符。
- D选项“计算机的内存容量与青少年的相同”，文章表明不同。### 3. 文章暗示 _
文章第二段提到“Memory is also involved when a rat gives up eating grain because he has sniffed something suspicious in the grain pile”，老鼠因为闻到谷物堆里可疑的东西而停止吃谷物，说明动物可解决简单问题。 - A选项“只有人类有解决问题的智力”，文章未提及。
- B选项“一个人的记忆在每方面与计算机的完全不同”，文章未提及。
- C选项“动物可以解决非常简单的问题”，与文章内容相符。
- D选项“动物通过本能而不是智力解决问题”，文章未提及。### 4. 最后一句中的短语“in terms of”可以最好替换为 _
“in terms of”表示“以……形式”，“expressed by”也有“以……形式表达”的意思。 - A选项“与……有关”，不符合。
- B选项“由……表达”，符合。
- C选项“由……组成”，不符合。
- D选项“通过……方式”，不符合。