Questions 26 to 35 are based on the following passage . Ask a left - wing Briton what they believe about the safety of nuclear power, and you can guess their answer . Ask a right - wing American about the risks posed by climate change, and you can also make a _ 26 guess than if you didn‘ t know their political affinistion . Issues like these feel like they should be _ 27 _ by science, not our political tribes, but sadly, that' s not what happens . Psychology has long shown that education and intelligence won' t stop your politics from _ 28 _ your broader worldviews, even if those beliefs do not much the band evidence. Instead, your ability to weigh up the fleet may depend on a less well - recognized trail - 29 _ There is now a mountain of _ 30 _ to show that politics doesn' t just help predid people' s views on some scientific issues ; it also affects how they interpret new information . This is why it is a _ fact31 _ to think that you can somehow correct people' s views on an issue by giving them more facts, since study after study has shown that people have a tendency to _ 32 _ reject facts that don’ t fit with their existing views. But smarter people shouldn' t be susceptible to pre j a dice away ing their opinions, right? Wrong . Other researcher shows that people with the most education, highest mathematicsabilities, and the strongest tendenceis to be reflective about their beliefs are the most _ 33 _ to resist information which should contact their prejudices . This undermines the simplistic assumption that prejudices are the result of top much gut instinct and not enough deep thought . Rather, people who have the _ 34 _ for deeper thought about an issue can use themsel cognitive powers to justify what they already believe and find reasons to dismiss apparently _ 35 _ evidence. A ) better I ) flexibility B ) competitively J ) identical C ) contrary K ) informed D ) curiousity L ) likely E ) evidence M ) mistake F ) explained N ) selectively G ) facility O ) shaping H ) fact
Questions 26 to 35 are based on the following passage .
Ask a left - wing Briton what they believe about the safety of nuclear power, and you can guess their answer . Ask a right - wing American about the risks posed by climate change, and you can also make a _ 26 guess than if you didn‘ t know their political affinistion . Issues like these feel like they should be _ 27 _ by science, not our political tribes, but sadly, that' s not what happens .
Psychology has long shown that education and intelligence won' t stop your politics from _ 28 _ your broader worldviews, even if those beliefs do not much the band evidence. Instead, your ability to weigh up the fleet may depend on a less well - recognized trail - 29 _
There is now a mountain of _ 30 _ to show that politics doesn' t just help predid people' s views on some scientific issues ; it also affects how they interpret new information . This is why it is a _ fact31 _ to think that you can somehow correct people' s views on an issue by giving them more facts, since study after study has shown that people have a tendency to _ 32 _ reject facts that don’ t fit with their existing views.
But smarter people shouldn' t be susceptible to pre j a dice away ing their opinions, right? Wrong . Other researcher shows that people with the most education, highest mathematicsabilities, and the strongest tendenceis to be reflective about their beliefs are the most _ 33 _ to resist information which should contact their prejudices . This undermines the simplistic assumption that prejudices are the result of top much gut instinct and not enough deep thought . Rather, people who have the _ 34 _ for deeper thought about an issue can use themsel cognitive powers to justify what they already believe and find reasons to dismiss apparently _ 35 _ evidence.
A ) better I ) flexibility
B ) competitively J ) identical
C ) contrary K ) informed
D ) curiousity L ) likely
E ) evidence M ) mistake
F ) explained N ) selectively
G ) facility O ) shaping
H ) fact
题目解答
答案
A ) better更好 I ) flexibility 灵活性
B ) competitively竞争性地 J ) identical 完全相同的
C ) contrary相反的 K ) informed 通知
D ) curiousity 好奇心 L ) likely 很可能
E ) evidence证据 M ) mistake 错误
F ) explained解释 N ) selectively 有选择地
G ) facility设施 O ) shaping 塑造;成形
H ) fact事实
26.句意:如果你问一个右翼美国人关于气候变化带来的风险,比起不知道他们的政治倾向,你也可以做个相同的猜测。所以应该填identical
27.句意:像这样的问题似乎应该由科学来解释,而不是由我们的政治派别来解决,但可悲的是,事实并非如此。所以应该填explained
28.句意:心理学早就表明,教育和智力水平不会阻止你的政治立场影响你塑造更广泛的世界观,即使这些信念没有多少证据。此处考查固定搭配stop sb from doing sth阻止某人做某事,所以应该填shaping
29.句意:你衡量舰队的能力可能取决于一个不太为人所知的线索——灵活性,所以应该填flexibility
30.句意:现在有大量的证据表明,政治不仅有助于人们对某些科学问题的看法,所以应该填evidence
31.句意:这就是为什么认为你可以通过提供更多的事实来纠正人们对某个问题的看法是一种事实。所以应该填facts
32.句意:因为一项又一项研究表明,人们有选择地拒绝接受不符合他们现有观点的事实的倾向。该空修饰动词reject,副词修饰动词,应该填入副词。所以应该填selectively
33.句意:最强烈的倾向是对他们的信仰进行反思,也最有可能抵制那些应该与他们的偏见联系在一起的信息。此处考查固定搭配most likely to最有可能,所以应该填likely
34.句意:对于一个问题有更深入思考的人可以使用自己的认知能力来证明他们已经相信的东西。此处考查固定搭配have the facility for有能力,所以应该填facility
35.句意:找理由驳回明显的证据,该空修饰名词evidence,要用形容词,所以应该填contrary
解析
文章讨论了政治倾向如何影响人们对科学问题的看法,即使这些看法与证据不符。心理学研究表明,教育和智力水平不会阻止政治倾向影响更广泛的世界观。
步骤 2:分析每个空格的语境
- 26. 空格前的句子提到,如果你知道某人的政治倾向,你就可以做出一个猜测。因此,这里需要一个表示“更好的”或“相同的”词。
- 27. 空格前的句子提到,像这样的问题似乎应该由科学来解释,而不是由政治派别来解决。因此,这里需要一个表示“解释”的词。
- 28. 空格前的句子提到,心理学研究表明,教育和智力水平不会阻止政治倾向影响更广泛的世界观。因此,这里需要一个表示“塑造”的词。
- 29. 空格前的句子提到,你衡量舰队的能力可能取决于一个不太为人所知的线索。因此,这里需要一个表示“灵活性”的词。
- 30. 空格前的句子提到,现在有大量的证据表明,政治不仅有助于人们对某些科学问题的看法。因此,这里需要一个表示“证据”的词。
- 31. 空格前的句子提到,这就是为什么认为你可以通过提供更多的事实来纠正人们对某个问题的看法是一种事实。因此,这里需要一个表示“事实”的词。
- 32. 空格前的句子提到,因为一项又一项研究表明,人们有选择地拒绝接受不符合他们现有观点的事实的倾向。因此,这里需要一个表示“有选择地”的词。
- 33. 空格前的句子提到,最强烈的倾向是对他们的信仰进行反思,也最有可能抵制那些应该与他们的偏见联系在一起的信息。因此,这里需要一个表示“可能”的词。
- 34. 空格前的句子提到,对于一个问题有更深入思考的人可以使用自己的认知能力来证明他们已经相信的东西。因此,这里需要一个表示“能力”的词。
- 35. 空格前的句子提到,找理由驳回明显的证据。因此,这里需要一个表示“相反的”的词。
步骤 3:选择合适的单词
- 26. 选择 "identical"(完全相同的)。
- 27. 选择 "explained"(解释)。
- 28. 选择 "shaping"(塑造)。
- 29. 选择 "flexibility"(灵活性)。
- 30. 选择 "evidence"(证据)。
- 31. 选择 "fact"(事实)。
- 32. 选择 "selectively"(有选择地)。
- 33. 选择 "likely"(可能)。
- 34. 选择 "facility"(能力)。
- 35. 选择 "contrary"(相反的)。