Part IV Translation□参考译文Agriculture is a ftmdamental industry in China，which involves 300 million farmers. China ranks first inagricultural production worldwide，with rice，wheat and beans being the main crops. Although accounting foronly 10% of arable land worldwide，China feeds 20% of the world's population. The cultivation of rice in Chinacan date back to 7,700 years ago. Prior to the use of agricultural machinery and chemical fertilizer，hardworking and creative Chinese farmers had begun to adopt various ways to increase crop yields. The latestdevelopment of agriculture in China lies in the promotion of organic farming，which can accomplish multiplegoals at the same time，such as food safety，public health and sustainable development.in railway or bus________Although the Amish have lived with________America for over two and a halfcenturies，they have moderated its influence on their personal lives，their families，communities，andtheir values.The Amish are often________by other Americans to be relics of the past who live a simple，inflexible life dedicated to inconvenient out-dated customs. They are seen as abandoning both modem________and the American dream of success and progress. But most people have no quarrel with theAmish for doing things the old-fashioned way. Their conscientious objection was tolerated in wartime，for after all，they are good farmers who________the virtues of work and thrift.A. AccessingB. conveniencesC. DestinedD. expandingE. IndustrializedF. perceivedG. PracticeH. processI. ProgressJ. respectiveK. SurvivedL. terminalsM. UndergoneN. UniversalO. vanishedSection BDirections：In this section，you are going to read a passage with ten statements attached to it. Eachstatement contains information given in one of the paragraphs. Identify the paragraphfrom which the information is derived. You may choose a paragraph more than once.Each paragraph is marked with a letter. Answer the questions by marking thecorresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2.Countries Rush for Upper Hand in Antarctica[A] On a glacier-filled island with fjords (峡湾) and elephant seals，Russia has built Antarctica's firstOrthodox church on a hill overlooking its research base. Less than an hour away by snowmobile,Chinese labourers have updated the Great Wall Station，a vital part of China's plan to operate fivebases on Antarctica，complete with an indoor badminton court and sleeping quarters for 150people. Not to be outdone，India's futuristic new Bharathi base，built on stilts (桩子) using 134interlocking shipping containers，resembles a spaceship. Turkey and Iran have announced plans tobuild bases，too.[B] More than a century has passed since explorers raced to plant their flags at the bottom of theworld，and for decades to come this continent is supposed to be protected as a scientific preserve,shielded from intrusions like military activities and mining. But an array of countries are rushing toassert greater influence here，with an eye not just towards the day those protective treaties expire,but also for the strategic and commercial opportunities that already exist.[C] The newer players are stepping into what they view as a treasure house of resources. Some of theventures focus on the Antarctic resources that are already up for grabs，like abundant sea life.South Korea，which operates state-of-the-art bases here，is increasing its fishing of krill (磷虾),found in abundance in the Southern Ocean，while Russia recently frustrated efforts to create oneof the world's largest ocean sanctuaries here.[D] Some scientists are examining the potential for harvesting icebergs from Antarctica，which isestimated to have the biggest reserves of fresh water on the planet. Nations are also pressingahead with space research and satellite projects to expand their global navigation abilities.[E] Building on a Soviet-era foothold，Russia is expanding its monitoring stations for Glonass，itsversion of the Global Positioning System (GPS). At least three Russian stations are alreadyoperating in Antarctica，part of its effort to challenge the dominance of the American GPS，andnew stations are planned for sites like the Russian base，in the shadow of the Orthodox Church ofthe Holy Trinity.[F] Elsewhere in Antarctica，Russian researchers boast of their recent discovery of a freshwaterreserve the size of Lake Ontario after drilling through miles of solid ice. "You can see that we'rehere to stay," said Vladimir Cheberdak,57，chief of the Bellingshausen Station，as he sipped teaunder a portrait of Fabian Gottlieb yon Bellingshausen，a high-ranking officer in the ImperialRussian Navy who explored the Antarctic coast in 1820.[G] Antarctica's mineral，oil and gas wealth are a longer-team prize. The treaty banning mining here，shielding coveted (令人垂涎) reserves of iron ore，coal and chromium，comes up for review in2048. Researchers recently found kimberlite (金伯利岩) deposits hinting at the existence ofdiamonds. And while assessments vary widely，geologists estimate that Antarctica holds at least36 billion barrels of oil and natural gas.[H] Beyond the Antarctic treaties，huge obstacles persist to tapping these resources，like driftingicebergs that could jeopardise offshore platforms. Then there is Antarctica's remoteness，withsome mineral deposits found in windswept locations on a continent that is larger than Europe andwhere winter temperatures hover around minus 55 degrees Celsius.[I] But advances in technology might make Antarctica a lot more accessible three decadesfrom now.And even before then，scholars warn，the demand for resources in an energy-hungry world couldraise pressure to renegotiate Antarctica's treaties，possibly allowing more commercial endeavourshere well before the prohibitions against them expire. The research stations on King George Islandoffer a glimpse into the long game on this ice-blanketed continent as nations assert themselves，eroding the sway long held by countries like the United States，Britain，Australia and NewZealand.[J]Being stationed in Antarctica involves adapting to life on the planet's driest，windiest and coldestcontinent，yet each nation manages to make itself at home. Bearded Russian priests offer regularservices at the Orthodox church for the 16 or so Russian speakers who spend the winter at thebase，largely polar scientists in fields like glaciology and meteorology. Their number climbs toabout 40 in the warmer summer months. China has arguably the fastest-growing operations inAntarctica. It opened its fourth station last year and is pressing ahead with plans to build a fifth. Itis building its second ice-breaking ship and setting up research drilling operations on an ice dome13,422 feet above sea level that is one of the planet's coldest places. Chinese officials say theexpansion in Antarctica prioritises scientific research，but they also acknowledge that concernsabout "resource security" influence their moves.[K] China's newly renovated Great Wall Station on King George Island makes the Russian and Chileanbases here seem outdated. "We do weather monitoring here and other research," Ning Xu,53，the chief of the Chinese base，said over tea during a fierce blizzard (baofengxuE. in late November.The large base he leads resembles a snowed-in college campus on holiday break，with the capacityto sleep more than 10 times the 13 people who were staying on through the Antarctic winter.Yong Yu，a Chinese microbiologist，showed off the spacious building，with empty desks under anillustrated timeline detailing the rapid growth of China's Antarctic operations since the 1980s. "Wenow feel equipped to grow," he said.[L] As some countries expand operations in Antarctica，the United States maintains three year-roundstations on the continent with more than 1,000 people during the southern hemisphere's summer，including those at the Amundsen-Scott station，built in 1956 at an elevation of 9,301 feet on aplateau at the South Pole. But US researchers quietly complain about budget restraints and havingfar fewer icebreakers than Russia，limiting the reach of the United States in Antarctica.