Sporting activities are essentially modified form of hunting behaviour.Viewed biologically,-|||-the modern footballer is in reality a member of a hunting group.His killing weapon has turned into-|||-a harmless football and his prey into a goalmouth.If his aim is accurate and he scores a goal,he-|||-enjoys the hunter`s triumph of killing his prey.-|||-To understand how this transformation has taken place we must briefly look back at our-|||-forefathers.They spent over a million years evolving as cooperative hunters.Their very survival-|||-depended on success in the hunting field. Under this pressure their whole way of life,even their-|||-bodies,became greatly changed.They became chasers,runners,jumpers,aimers,throwers and prey--|||-killers.They cooperated as skillful male group attackers.-|||-Then about ten thousand years ago,after this immensely long period of hunting their food,-|||-they became farmers.Their improved intelligen so vital to their old hunting life,was put to a-|||-new use-that of controlling and domesticating their prey.The hunt became suddenly out of date.-|||-The food was there on the farms,awaiting their needs.The risks and uncertainties of the hunt were-|||-no longer essential for survival.-|||-The skills and thirst for hunting remained,however,and demanded new outlets.Hunting for-|||-sport replaced hunting for necessity.This new activity involved all the original hunting sequences-|||-but the aim of the operation was no longer to avoid starvation.Instead the sportsmen set off to test-|||-their skill against prey that were no longer essential to their survival.To be sure,the kill may have-|||-been eaten but there were other much simpler ways of obtaining a meaty meal.-|||--热门考题-|||-[高考词汇与拓展】-|||-goalmouth[`gaulmauθ] n.(足球等运动的)球 a % ammensely [imensli]adv,大大地,无-|||-门口 限地-|||-triumph["traiomf] n.凯旋;胜利 vi获获;击败 domesticate[dou`mestikeit vt.使归化;使爱家-|||-evolve [i`volv] vi.进化 sequence[siskwans] n.连续;顺序-|||-immense[i`mens] adj.广大的,无限的-|||-[文章理解检测]-|||-1.The author believes that sporting activities __ _-|||-A.are forms of biological development B.have actually developed from hunting-|||-C.are essentially forms of taming the prey D.have changed the ways of hunting-|||-2.In a football game what is equal to the prey in hunting is __ 一·-|||-A.any member of the opposing team B.the goal keeper-|||-C. goal-mouth D.the football-|||-3. For over a million years,our forefathers were basically __-|||-A.successful farmers B. -OPetatghghunters-|||-C.runners and jumpers D.skillful sportsmen-|||-4.The word"operation" refers to __-|||-A.sports activities B.hunting-|||-C.prey killing D.domesticating animals-|||-5.Which of the following best summarizes the main idea of the passage?-|||-A.It is farming that gives human beings enough leisure time for activities.-|||-B.Farming is very important in human civilization becaus it saves human beings from risks-|||-and uncertainties of hunting for survival.-|||-C.It is hunting that provides human beings with much simply ways of obtaining meaty meals.-|||-D.Sporting activities satisfy the desire of modern man to exercise hunting skills which his-|||-forefathers developed for survival.