题目
Academic dishonesty is nothing new. As long as there have been homework assignments and tests, there have been cheaters. The way that cheating looks has changed over time, though, particularly now that technology has made it easier than ever. A study by the Josephson Institute of Ethics interviewed 23,000 high school students and asked them a variety of questions about academic ethics. Of the teens surveyed, 51 percent said that they had knowingly cheated at some point on an exam but that they did not feel uneasy about the behaviour. A Common Sense Media survey found that 35 percent of students had cheated via smartphone, though the parents surveyed in that particular study did not believe their kids had ever cheated. In many cases, students did not realize that strategies like looking up answers on a smartphone were actually cheating at all.In today’s classrooms, students who cheat are rarely caught. There are no formulas written on the insides of hands or students looking across the aisle, or whispering answers to their classmates. Today’s students use smartphones, tablets or even in-class computers to aid their cheating attempts and leave no trace of their crimes. Since cheating through technology is not listed specifically as being against the rules in many school policies, students do not view the actions unethical (不合道德的).The technology is being adopted so quickly that school districts cannot adequately keep up with cheating policies, or even awareness campaigns that alert students to the problem with using technology to find answers in a certain way. From a young age, students learn that answers exist conveniently at their fingertips through search engines and expert websites.Schools must develop anti-cheating policies that include technology and these policies must be updated consistently. Teachers must stay on guard when it comes to what their students are doing in classrooms and how technology could be playing a negative role in the learning process. Parents must also talk to their kids about the appropriate ways to find academic answers and alert them to unethical behaviours that may seem innocent in their own eyes.1. What do we learn from the study by the Josephson Institute of Ethics?A. Over half of the students interviewed were unaware they were cheating.B. Cheating was becoming a way of life for a majority of high school teens.C. Cheating was getting more and more difficult for high school students.D. More than half of the interviewees felt no sense of guilt over cheating.2. What did the Common Sense Media survey reveal?A. Most parents tended to overprotect their children.B. Parents and kids had conflicting ideas over cheating.C. Students were in urgent need of ethical education.D. Many students committed cheating without parents’ awareness.3. What does the author think schools should do to tackle cheating?A. Alert parents to their children’s behaviour.B. Reform their exam methods constantly.C. Take advantage of the latest technologies.D. Bring policies against cheating up to date.4. What does the author suggest teachers do in the classroom?A. Prevent students from using electronic devices.B. Develop more effective anti-cheating strategies.C. Guard against students’ misuse of technologyD. Find more ways to stop students’ unethical acts.
Academic dishonesty is nothing new. As long as there have been homework assignments and tests, there have been cheaters. The way that cheating looks has changed over time, though, particularly now that technology has made it easier than ever. A study by the Josephson Institute of Ethics interviewed 23,000 high school students and asked them a variety of questions about academic ethics. Of the teens surveyed, 51 percent said that they had knowingly cheated at some point on an exam but that they did not feel uneasy about the behaviour. A Common Sense Media survey found that 35 percent of students had cheated via smartphone, though the parents surveyed in that particular study did not believe their kids had ever cheated. In many cases, students did not realize that strategies like looking up answers on a smartphone were actually cheating at all.In today’s classrooms, students who cheat are rarely caught. There are no formulas written on the insides of hands or students looking across the aisle, or whispering answers to their classmates. Today’s students use smartphones, tablets or even in-class computers to aid their cheating attempts and leave no trace of their crimes. Since cheating through technology is not listed specifically as being against the rules in many school policies, students do not view the actions unethical (不合道德的).The technology is being adopted so quickly that school districts cannot adequately keep up with cheating policies, or even awareness campaigns that alert students to the problem with using technology to find answers in a certain way. From a young age, students learn that answers exist conveniently at their fingertips through search engines and expert websites.Schools must develop anti-cheating policies that include technology and these policies must be updated consistently. Teachers must stay on guard when it comes to what their students are doing in classrooms and how technology could be playing a negative role in the learning process. Parents must also talk to their kids about the appropriate ways to find academic answers and alert them to unethical behaviours that may seem innocent in their own eyes.1. What do we learn from the study by the Josephson Institute of Ethics?A. Over half of the students interviewed were unaware they were cheating.B. Cheating was becoming a way of life for a majority of high school teens.C. Cheating was getting more and more difficult for high school students.D. More than half of the interviewees felt no sense of guilt over cheating.2. What did the Common Sense Media survey reveal?A. Most parents tended to overprotect their children.B. Parents and kids had conflicting ideas over cheating.C. Students were in urgent need of ethical education.D. Many students committed cheating without parents’ awareness.3. What does the author think schools should do to tackle cheating?A. Alert parents to their children’s behaviour.B. Reform their exam methods constantly.C. Take advantage of the latest technologies.D. Bring policies against cheating up to date.4. What does the author suggest teachers do in the classroom?A. Prevent students from using electronic devices.B. Develop more effective anti-cheating strategies.C. Guard against students’ misuse of technologyD. Find more ways to stop students’ unethical acts.
题目解答
答案
1. D 2. D 3. D 4. C
解析
步骤 1：理解问题背景
文章讨论了学术不诚实的问题，特别是随着技术的发展，学生使用智能手机、平板电脑等设备进行作弊的现象。文章引用了两个调查结果，一个是Josephson Institute of Ethics的调查，另一个是Common Sense Media的调查。文章还讨论了学校、教师和家长在防止学生作弊方面应该采取的措施。
步骤 2：分析问题1
问题1询问我们从Josephson Institute of Ethics的调查中了解到什么。根据文章，51%的受访者承认他们曾经在考试中作弊，但并不感到不安。因此，选项D（超过一半的受访者对作弊没有感到内疚）是正确的。
步骤 3：分析问题2
问题2询问Common Sense Media的调查揭示了什么。根据文章，35%的学生通过智能手机作弊，但接受调查的家长并不相信他们的孩子曾经作弊。因此，选项D（许多学生在家长不知情的情况下作弊）是正确的。
步骤 4：分析问题3
问题3询问作者认为学校应该如何应对作弊。根据文章，学校应该制定包括技术在内的反作弊政策，并且这些政策必须不断更新。因此，选项D（将反作弊政策更新到最新）是正确的。
步骤 5：分析问题4
问题4询问作者建议教师在课堂上做什么。根据文章，教师必须警惕学生在课堂上使用技术的不当行为。因此，选项C（防范学生滥用技术）是正确的。
文章讨论了学术不诚实的问题，特别是随着技术的发展，学生使用智能手机、平板电脑等设备进行作弊的现象。文章引用了两个调查结果，一个是Josephson Institute of Ethics的调查，另一个是Common Sense Media的调查。文章还讨论了学校、教师和家长在防止学生作弊方面应该采取的措施。
步骤 2：分析问题1
问题1询问我们从Josephson Institute of Ethics的调查中了解到什么。根据文章，51%的受访者承认他们曾经在考试中作弊，但并不感到不安。因此，选项D（超过一半的受访者对作弊没有感到内疚）是正确的。
步骤 3：分析问题2
问题2询问Common Sense Media的调查揭示了什么。根据文章，35%的学生通过智能手机作弊，但接受调查的家长并不相信他们的孩子曾经作弊。因此，选项D（许多学生在家长不知情的情况下作弊）是正确的。
步骤 4：分析问题3
问题3询问作者认为学校应该如何应对作弊。根据文章，学校应该制定包括技术在内的反作弊政策，并且这些政策必须不断更新。因此，选项D（将反作弊政策更新到最新）是正确的。
步骤 5：分析问题4
问题4询问作者建议教师在课堂上做什么。根据文章，教师必须警惕学生在课堂上使用技术的不当行为。因此，选项C（防范学生滥用技术）是正确的。