题目
Passage TwoQuestions 51 to 55 are based on the following passage.A multitasker is one who can perform two or more tasks effectively at the same time, which—apart from the obvious differences—is similar to what a computer does.The concept does indeed come from the realms of technology, where it is used to refer to an operating system that can execute multiple tasks at the same time.However, the question is: can a person really be a multitasker?For most scientists, the answer is no.So much so that, according to experts in neuroscience (神经系统科学), our brains do not handle multitasking situations well.As soon as two tasks require our attention, productivity suffers.What we call multitasking, therefore, is in reality the ability to move more or less quickly from one task to another.This requires two essential conditions: that one of the tasks needs to be automatic, like walking on eating, and that they both need different mental processes.Answering the phone and writing at the same time, for example.However, on the other side of the coin there are people who maintain that it is possible to be, or at least seem to be, multitasking.A recent study concluded that regardless of whether people are actually handling several tasks or not, the mere fact that they perceive this activity as multitasking has a positive effect on their performance.The business perspective offers a different view: multitasking is understood as the ability to adapt to all types of environment within a company and effectively undertake different activities within a set time frame.Indeed, many companies loo for people who are skilled in multitasking to improve their productivity.From this different perspective, you can not only be multitasking but this ability can also be taught: something that is easier in fluid organisations, which favour flexibility in their working practices.The benefits of multitasking are clear.Being quicker and more efficient increases our performance and the number of tasks completed.But having to pay attention to several things at once means that the powers of concentration are reduced and that can lead to more mistakes.1、What does a“multitasker" originally refer to?A.n operating system capable of doing several tasks at once.B.A skilled worker executing more than one task at the same time.C.A sophisticated technology doing several tasks effectively at once.D.An efficient person able to perform multiple tasks at the same time.2、Why can´t people really be multitaskers according to neuroscientists?E.They are not sufficiently exposed to multitasking situations.F.They are not comparable to mechanical operating systems.G.Their brains do not allow them to multitask.H.Their attention span cannot be expanded.3、What do we learn from the conclusion of a recent study on multitasking?I.People make greater achievements by maintaining whatever they are doing is multitasking.J.People´s performance benefits from the perception of what they are doing as multitasking.K.People´s active mental processes exert a positive effect on their multitasking.L.People can improve their capabilities by handling multitasking situations.4、How does the business world view multitasking?M.It is a rare skill often found in fluid organisations.N.It is an adaptable capability required of all workers.O.It is an essential quality many employees lack.P.It is a desirable ability that can be developed.5、What does the author imply we should do if we have to focus on some task and do it wel!?Q.Work in a flexible way.R.Learn from mistakes.S.Avoid multitasking.T.Increase efficiency.
Passage TwoQuestions 51 to 55 are based on the following passage.A multitasker is one who can perform two or more tasks effectively at the same time, which—apart from the obvious differences—is similar to what a computer does.The concept does indeed come from the realms of technology, where it is used to refer to an operating system that can execute multiple tasks at the same time.However, the question is: can a person really be a multitasker?For most scientists, the answer is no.So much so that, according to experts in neuroscience (神经系统科学), our brains do not handle multitasking situations well.As soon as two tasks require our attention, productivity suffers.What we call multitasking, therefore, is in reality the ability to move more or less quickly from one task to another.This requires two essential conditions: that one of the tasks needs to be automatic, like walking on eating, and that they both need different mental processes.Answering the phone and writing at the same time, for example.However, on the other side of the coin there are people who maintain that it is possible to be, or at least seem to be, multitasking.A recent study concluded that regardless of whether people are actually handling several tasks or not, the mere fact that they perceive this activity as multitasking has a positive effect on their performance.The business perspective offers a different view: multitasking is understood as the ability to adapt to all types of environment within a company and effectively undertake different activities within a set time frame.Indeed, many companies loo for people who are skilled in multitasking to improve their productivity.From this different perspective, you can not only be multitasking but this ability can also be taught: something that is easier in fluid organisations, which favour flexibility in their working practices.The benefits of multitasking are clear.Being quicker and more efficient increases our performance and the number of tasks completed.But having to pay attention to several things at once means that the powers of concentration are reduced and that can lead to more mistakes.1、What does a“multitasker" originally refer to?
- A.n operating system capable of doing several tasks at once.
- B.A skilled worker executing more than one task at the same time.
- C.A sophisticated technology doing several tasks effectively at once.
- D.An efficient person able to perform multiple tasks at the same time.2、Why can´t people really be multitaskers according to neuroscientists?
- E.They are not sufficiently exposed to multitasking situations.
- F.They are not comparable to mechanical operating systems.
- G.Their brains do not allow them to multitask.
- H.Their attention span cannot be expanded.3、What do we learn from the conclusion of a recent study on multitasking?
- I.People make greater achievements by maintaining whatever they are doing is multitasking.
- J.People´s performance benefits from the perception of what they are doing as multitasking.
- K.People´s active mental processes exert a positive effect on their multitasking.
- L.People can improve their capabilities by handling multitasking situations.4、How does the business world view multitasking?
- M.It is a rare skill often found in fluid organisations.
- N.It is an adaptable capability required of all workers.
- O.It is an essential quality many employees lack.
- P.It is a desirable ability that can be developed.5、What does the author imply we should do if we have to focus on some task and do it wel!?
- Q.Work in a flexible way.
- R.Learn from mistakes.
- S.Avoid multitasking.
- T.Increase efficiency.
题目解答
答案
1、A2、C3、B4、D5、C
解析
考查要点:本题主要考查学生对文章主旨、细节理解及推理判断的能力。文章围绕“多任务处理”展开,涉及定义、科学观点、研究结论及商业视角等多角度分析。
解题核心思路:
- 定位关键信息:根据问题关键词(如“multitasker”“neuroscientists”“recent study”等)快速定位原文对应段落。
- 区分观点差异:注意不同主体(科学家、研究者、商业界)对“多任务处理”的不同看法。
- 推理隐含结论:结合文章最后一段的利弊分析,推断作者对多任务处理的态度。
破题关键点:
- 技术定义:明确“multitasker”最初来自计算机术语。
- 科学依据:神经科学强调大脑无法真正同时处理多任务。
- 研究反向思维:感知为多任务本身可提升表现,而非实际能力。
- 商业实用主义:多任务能力可培养,且被视为企业核心需求。
- 作者隐含建议:避免多任务以减少错误,专注单任务更高效。
第1题
关键句:第一段首句明确指出“multitasker”来自操作系统执行多任务的概念。
选项分析:
- A正确,因原文直接对应“operating system that can execute multiple tasks”。
- 其余选项混淆“人”与“计算机”的区别(如B、D强调人类能力)。
第2题
关键句:神经科学家指出“our brains do not handle multitasking situations well”。
选项分析:
- C正确,因大脑结构限制是核心原因。
- G选项“brains do not allow”与原文“无法高效处理”语义一致。
- 其余选项(如F、H)偏离脑科学本质。
第3题
关键句:研究结论“perceive this activity as multitasking has a positive effect on performance”。
选项分析:
- B正确,强调“感知为多任务”而非实际能力。
- J选项“performance benefits from perception”直接对应结论。
第4题
关键句:商业视角“ability to adapt to all types of environment and undertake different activities within a set time”。
选项分析:
- D正确,因原文明确“can be taught”且与组织灵活性相关。
- P选项虽提及“可发展”,但未强调“教授”这一核心。
第5题
关键句:最后一段“having to pay attention to several things... lead to more mistakes”。
选项分析:
- S正确,因作者暗示减少错误需避免多任务。
- 其余选项(如Q、T)与结论无关。