料许Coffee has a history dating back to at least the 9th century and has been a catalyst for social interaction across cultures and eras. Originally discovered in Ethiopia, coffee beans were brought into the Middle East by Arab traders, spreading to Egypt, Yemen, Persia, Turkey, and North Africa by the 15th century. Muslim merchants eventually brought the beans to the thriving port city of Venice, where they sold them to wealthy Italian buyers. Soon, the Dutch began importing and growing coffee in places like Java and Ceylon (largely through slave labor), and the British East India Trading Company was popularizing the beverage in England. Coffee spread across Europe and even reached America.料许Where there has been coffee, there has been the coffeehouse. From the 15th century Middle Eastern establishments where men gathered to listen to music, play chess, and hear recitations from works of literature, to Paris' Cafe le Procope where luminaries of the French Enlightenment such as Voltaire, Rousseau, and Diderot came to enjoy a hot cup of joe, coffeehouses have traditionally served as centers of social interaction, places where people can come to relax, chat, and exchange ideas. 料许The modern coffee shop is modeled on the espresso and pastry-centered Italian coffeehouses that arose with the establishment of Italian-American immigrant communities in major US cities such as New York City's Little Italy and Greenwich Village, Boston's North End, and San Francisco's North Beach. New York coffee shops were often frequented by the Beats in the 1950's. It wasn't long before Seattle and other parts of the Pacific Northwest were developing coffee shops as part of a thriving counterculture scene. The Seattle-based Starbucks took this model and brought it into mainstream culture.料许Although coffeehouses today continue to serve their traditional purpose as lively social hubs in many communities, they have noticeably adapted to the times. Rediscovering their purpose as centers of information exchange and communication, many coffee shops now provide their customers with internet access and newspapers. It has become extremely common to see someone sitting at a Starbucks listening to music or surfing the web on his or her laptop. Coffee stores today also maintain a fairly identifiable, yet unique aesthetic: wooden furniture and plush couches, paintings and murals drawn on walls, and soft-lighting combine to give coffee shops the cozy feeling of a home away from home. 料许Today, big business retail coffee shops are expanding quickly all over the world. Starbucks alone has stores in over 40 countries and plans to add more. Despite its popularity, Starbucks has been criticized and labeled by many as a blood-sucking corporate machine, driving smaller coffee shops out of business through unfair practices. This has even spawned an anti-corporate coffee counterculture, with those subscribing to this culture boycotting big business coffee chains. Increasingly popular coffee stores such as The Coffee Bean and Tea Leaf are also giving Starbucks some stiff competition. In any case, it seems pretty clear that coffee has weaved itself into the fabric of our consumer-oriented culture.料许【小题1】 Which of the following is the correct order of coffee spreading in history?料许①Egypt ②America ③the Middle East ④Netherlands ⑤Venice 料许料许料许A．①③④②⑤料许料许B．③①⑤④②料许料许C．①⑤④③②料许料许D．③②⑤④①料许料许料许【小题2】We can infer from the passage ________. 料许料许料许A．Starbucks has beaten all the competitors 料许料许料许料许B．there are no changes in the development of coffee culture料许料许料许料许C．the taste of coffee has changed a lot料许料许料许料许D．Starbucks has some effect on the development of coffee culture料许料许料许【小题3】The famous coffeehouse “Starbucks” originally come from _______. 料许料许料许A．Seattle料许料许B．Ethiopia料许料许C．Java料许料许D．France料许料许料许【小题4】 Nowadays, if you come to a coffeehouse, you can _______. 料许料许料许A．play chess with other customers料许料许料许料许B．enjoy delicious dishes from South America料许料许料许料许C．surf the internet料许料许料许料许D．watch a TV play料许料许料许料许

他想在小镇上过正常的生活。 ( lead a / an……life ) _ 48 _ in this small town.

3. Listen to the dialogue about types of social media.Q: What is the man’s favourite form of social media?A. Instagram, he likes the pictures.B. Snapchat, he likes that it only lasts for a limited time.C. Instagram, he likes how colourful it is.D. Snapchat, he likes all the fun videos.

Fill in the gaps with words or phrases given in the box. Change the form where necessary.take in angle arrange converselydata edit stretch Internetspit but then symptom toneat times in sight abuse appointment1.He would have preferred his wife not to work, but he was also proud of what she did.2.Things are much cheaper here than in New York, , our average salary is much smaller.3.His forgetfulness may be a of brain trouble.4.The small boy started blood and his mother panicked (惊慌失措).5.These laws are intended to prevent government officials from their power.6.“Go to the bathroom and wash your hands," the nurse told the children in a commanding .7.Mary, a Harvard Law School graduate, was a very capable (能干的) lawyer and our firm her as a partner.8.The article is interesting, but it needs some before it can be published.9.To my knowledge, they to meet next Friday morning in the manager's office.10.When we say that we see light at the end of the tunnel, we mean that victory is .11.He promised to repay me in three days. But the days into months and I never got a cent back from him.12.Before we can draw conclusions, we must collect enough and analyze them scientifically.

根据提示以及汉语意思完成句子。1.他对水的恐惧是童年时代的经历所致. ( trace sth. back to ) His fear of water can ____________.

100.Their insecurities too often ______(s/1) the managers of invaluable support, just when they needed it most.[A]. stole[B]. revealed[C]. omitted[D]. robbedµÚÒ»×éÌâ´ð°¸

I cannot _ his suitability for the position without seeing his work.A. imagineB. teachC. believeD. evaluate

C There are 5.25 trillion pieces of plastic trash in the world's oceans, and each year, 8 million tons of plastic are added to the figure. Though the oceans seem vast enough to stomach a lot of plastic, the level of waste is starting to reach a crisis point: According to a new report by the Ocean Conservancy, by 2025, the ocean could contain one ton of plastic for every three tons of finfish. All these floating bits of plastic not only disrupt marine ecosystems, but they also poison the global supply of seafood. "It's reaching crisis proportions," says Andreas Merkl, CEO of the Ocean Conservancy. "Plastic breaks down into small pieces that look like plankton and is eaten by everyone from plankton to whales." Plastic acts as a pollution sponge in the ocean, so when wildlife swallow pieces, the plastic might as well be a poison pill. The new report calls for a focus on improving waste management systems in a handful of developing countries that are most responsible for the plastic leakage into the ocean. China, Indonesia, the Philippines, Thailand and Vietnam contribute more than half of the oceans' plastic since their waste facilities haven't kept up with rapid industrialization. On average, only about 40% of waste in these countries is actually picked up for disposal. But it's not just uncollected waste floating around-though that is three-fourths of the problem. The other quarter of the oceans' plastic came from post-collection activities. Even when a waste management company picks up waste to landfill it, poorly equipped landfills or illegal dumping mean that trash still ends up in the ocean. But how can countries stop the leakage of waste into the ocean? The Ocean Conservancy report suggests five "levers": waste collection services, closing the leakage points within the collection system, gasification and burning of waste, and recycling facilities. The average waste ends up as litter. Just by expanding collection systems and plugging up their leakage points, the report says plastics leakage could be cut by 50% by 2020. It's not just an environmentalist's daydream. Coca-Cola and Dow Chemical, along with some other multinational companies have joined forces with Ocean Conservancy to fight ocean pollution. "We're committed to working toward a future of a plastic-free ocean. Companies don't make plastic with the intent of it ending up in the ocean, and we acknowledge the strong role industry must play in order to help eliminate ocean plastic waste by 2035." Says Dow Packaging and Speciality Plastics' global sustainability director in a press release. Merkl emphasized that the countries can't recycle their way out of the problem. Only about 20% of the waste is valuable enough to be worth recycling: the rest, needs to be sent to sanitary landfills or waste-to-energy plants. "You have to concentrate on the fundamentals of waste management," he says. And while building landfills and incinerators(焚化炉) across these developing countries might not be pretty, it's far more environmentally friendly than letting waste slide into the world's oceans.1. According to the passage, plastic poisons sea food because _______.A: it damages marine ecosystemsB: it breaks down into small bits that can be eaten by fishC: when sea animals are trapped in plastic bags, they can't breatheD: it contains poison pills2. Five developing countries account for the problem because _______.A: they produce the majority of the waste worldwideB: there are too many multinational companies in those countriesC: they have inadequate waste facilities to adapt to rapid industrializationD: their governments neglect their responsibility to inspect the problem3. The report examines the problem in many aspects except its _______.A: historyB: effectC: causeD: solutions4. Andreas Merkl emphasized the important role of _______ in dealing with ocean plastic pollution in developing countries.A: multinational companiesB: individuals all over the worldC: recycling of wasteD: building landfills and incinerators

He does wholesale business _ his brother is engaged in retail business.A. whileB. whereC. thatD. when

The driver was fined by police for refusing to_traffic rules. A. belong to)B. conform toC. look toD. respond to