【答案】（1）D（2）A（3）C（4）B【解析】大意：本文主要讲述清华大学对毕业制裁了一项新规定。学生必须进行通过至少50米游泳测试，否则他们不能取得学士学位。（1）细节题。根据Some papers or high scores in exams? Well, these are not enough if you are a student at Tsinghua University. They need to pass a swimming test of at least 50 meters,可知清华大学的学生毕业生必须要进行考试，取得高分并且还要通过游泳测试，故选D。（2）词义猜测题。根据The news made waves in Chinese social media (媒体). Some people praised the university for requiring a necessary skill that can save lives, and they also believed that the rule would help improve students' health. However, others questioned if it was fair to expect those who come from inland cities (内陆城市) to be able to swim.可知对于清华大学出台毕业生这则新规定引起了中国社会媒体的广泛热论，推出made vaves意思是引起了热烈讨论，故选A。（3）细节题。根据because the number of students became too large and there were not enough swimming pools in the school for them to learn swimming.可知清华大学的学生人数多，且没有足够学习游泳的游泳池，故选C。（4）主旨题。本文主要讲述清华大学对毕业制裁了一项新规定，除了清华大学的学生毕业生必须要进行考试，取得高分并且还要通过游泳测试，故选B。【点评】考查阅读理解能力。细节题和词句猜测题和主旨大意题是阅读题中常考题型。细节题只需要从原文直接找答案；词句猜测题需要联系上下文，推出词句的意思；主旨大意题需要通读全文，了解大意之后找出中心思想。A.the couple thought the microchip wasn't helpful at allB.Scrub didn't feel uncomfortable with the microchip in its bodyC.it took a long time to match Roxy's ID number to her owner's informationD.Jennifer herself found her cat according to the ID number on its microchip（5）What is the main idea of the passage?A.The reasons why pets got lost.B.Different ways to find the lost pets.C.The ways how people care for the lost pets.D.The introduction of how microchips help the lost pets return home.2.（2019·通辽）阅读理解According to a 2018 study from San Francisco State University, nearly 2. 4 billion people around the world used a smartphone in 2017. By the end of 2019, more than a third of the global population will be using a smartphone.______On the one hand, it sends us unlimited amounts of information. On the other hand, using a smartphone may become an addiction.Erik Peper and Richard Harvey are both health education professors at San Francisco State university. They led the study. Peper explains that smartphone addiction forms connections in the brain that are similar to drug addiction.And these connections form slowly over time. Also, addiction to social media may affect our emotional state. The two professors asked 135 university students about their habit of smartphone use and their feelings. They found that students who used their phones the most reported higher levels of feeling lonely, depressed and anxious.Peper and Harvey do not blame users for their technology addiction. They believe it is the tech industry's desire to make more money that is to blame for the technology addiction. The researchers warm that workers in the technology industry know how to control our brains and turn us into addicts.But the researchers say that we can limit our brains to be less addicted to our phones and computers. Enk Peper suggests timing off our phones before we sleep or do something important. The researchers also suggest taking control of when and where you answer texts or emails. You do not need to answer them all. And you certainly don't need to answer them as soon as you get them. They also suggest putting limits on the time you spend on social media. If you want to catch up with friends on Facebook, set aside a small amount of time to it. You should focus on important tasks and do not allow technology to disturb you.（1）What can we infer from Paragraph 1?A.Smartphone use has become extremely common.B.Most young people can't live without smartphones.C.Smartphones make our life more colorful and convenient.D.Most people consider smartphones as the greatest invention.（2）The underlined sentence in Paragraph 2 means smartphone technology____.A.has a brilliant futureB.can be better than most people thinkC.has both advantages and disadvantagesD.can give us unlimited amounts of information（3）What did Enk Peper and Richard Harvey find about smartphone use?A.It can help reduce loneliness.B.It's more popular with students.C.It's preferred by young people feeling lonely.D.It can harm students' emotional state in many ways.（4）What does the last paragraph mainly want to tell us?A.Social media isn't that important to us.B.We can train our brine to do many things.C.We shouldn't become addicted to our smartphones.D.There are ways to deal with Smartphone use addiction.（5）Which of the followings is True?A.We can use smartphones to deal with loneliness.B.An addiction can't be controlled if we still use smartphones.C.There were nearly 2. 4 billion people using smartphones in the world in 2017.D.Stop using smartphones if you don't know when and where you should answer the emails.3.（2019·呼和浩特）阅读理解Do you want a job in the holiday? Just go for it. First, you need to know what kind of job is suitable for your age and interest.If you're 13 to 15.It seems that you can't work almost anywhere, but you're probably allowed to clean your neighbours' cars or walk their dogs.There is no lowest wage(工资) for children under 16.By law, you can't work more than 35 hours each week during school holidays. And you can't work before 7 a.m. or after 7 p.m.If you're 16 or 17.The lowest wage for 16-17 years old teenagers should be no less than 7 dollars per hour.You can't work in a pub or bar, but you can work in many other places.By law, you can't work more than 40 hours each week.What jobs are out there?Obviously your choices are limited (限制) by the fact that you can only work during school holidays, but the following situations are fine.At Christmas, most shops are shart of hands, so you may find something to do there. In antumn, there's always fruit picking. It can be pretty hard work, but it pays really well.If you're mad about football, you can choose to work in a sports shop or help out at a local football club. No matter how much you are paid, you are doing what you like.（1）In the school holidays, 14-year-old kids ______.A.can work anywhere they wantB.are not allowed to work aloneC.can't go to work at nightD.can work as long as 14 hours a day（2）How much can a 16-year-old kid be paid at least in two hours?A.21 dollars.B.17 dollars.C.14 dollars.D.7 dollars.（3）If you want to clean cars for others, you should at least be ______.A.16B.15C.14D.13（4）According to the passage, which statement is true?.