6. Ruth Simmons joined Goldman Sachs's board as an outside director in January 2000; a year later she became president of Brown University. For the rest of the decade she apparently managed both roles without attracting much criticism. But by the end of 2009 Ms. Simmons was under fire for having sat on Goldman's compensation committee; how could she have let those enormous bonus payouts pass unremarked?According to the text, Ms. Simmons was criticized for _.A. gaining excessive profitsB. failing to fulfill her duty
题目解答
答案
题目分析
题干：
According to the text, Ms. Simmons was criticized for ______.
（根据文本，Simmons 女士因 ______ 而受到批评。）
原文定位：
我们需要在文中找到她受到批评（under fire / criticized）的具体原因。
原文关键句：
> "But by the end of 2009 Ms. Simmons was under fire for having sat on Goldman's compensation committee; how could she have let those enormous bonus payouts pass unremarked?"
（但是到 2009 年底，Simmons 女士因为坐在高盛薪酬委员会上而受到抨击；她怎么能让那些巨额奖金发放不被评论/不加质疑地通过呢？）
选项分析
-
A. gaining excessive profits（获得过多利润）
原文提到的是高盛发放了“enormous bonus payouts”（巨额奖金），并没有说 Simmons 女士个人获得了这些利润。她受到批评是因为她作为薪酬委员会成员，没有对这些奖金发放提出异议，而不是因为她自己获利。因此，A 选项不正确。 -
B. failing to fulfill her duty（未能履行职责）
作为薪酬委员会（compensation committee）的成员，其职责之一是审查和批准高管的薪酬及奖金。文中指出她“let those enormous bonus payouts pass unremarked”（让巨额奖金发放不加评论/不加质疑地通过），这意味着她没有尽到作为委员会成员应有的监督和质疑的职责。这正是她受到批评的原因。因此，B 选项符合文意。
结论
Simmons 女士受到批评是因为她没有对巨额奖金发放提出质疑，即未能履行她作为薪酬委员会成员的职责。
最终答案：B. failing to fulfill her duty
解析
本题考查对文章细节信息的理解和推理能力。解题的关键在于准确找到文中描述Ms. Simmons受到批评的相关语句，并对其进行分析，然后将各选项与原文信息进行对比判断。
- 首先，在文中找到描述Ms. Simmons受到批评的关键语句：“But by the end of 2009 Ms. Simmons was under fire for having sat on Goldman's compensation committee; how could she have let those enormous bonus payouts pass unremarked?” 这句话表明她因为在高盛薪酬委员会任职，却让巨额奖金发放不被关注而受到批评。
- 接着分析选项A：“gaining excessive profits”（获得过多利润）。原文只是提到高盛发放了巨额奖金，并没有提及Ms. Simmons个人获得了这些利润，她受批评是因为对奖金发放未提出异议，并非自己获利，所以A选项不符合文意。
- 最后分析选项B：“failing to fulfill her duty”（未能履行职责）。作为薪酬委员会成员，其职责之一是审查和批准高管薪酬及奖金，而她“let those enormous bonus payouts pass unremarked”，说明她没有尽到监督和质疑的职责，这正是她受批评的原因，所以B选项符合文意。