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题目

After-cooling of a turbocharged diesel engine will result inA. lower torque but higher brake horsepowerB. higher torque but lower brake horsepowerC. lower torque and lower brake horsepowerD. higher torque and higher brake horsepower

After-cooling of a turbocharged diesel engine will result in

A. lower torque but higher brake horsepower

B. higher torque but lower brake horsepower

C. lower torque and lower brake horsepower

D. higher torque and higher brake horsepower

题目解答

答案

B. higher torque but lower brake horsepower

解析

本题考查涡轮增压柴油机后冷却对发动机性能的影响,核心在于理解后冷却对进气密度、燃烧效率及动力输出参数(扭矩与制动力矩马力)的关系。
关键点:

  1. 后冷却通过降低增压空气温度,提高其密度,从而增加进入气缸的空气量,改善燃烧效率。
  2. 扭矩与低转速下的动力输出直接相关,制动力矩马力(brake horsepower)反映发动机的整体功率输出。
  3. 需明确扭矩与功率的物理关系(功率=扭矩×转速),并结合柴油机特性分析参数变化。

后冷却的作用

  1. 进气密度提升:冷却后的空气密度增大,单位体积内空气量更多,燃烧更充分,低转速时扭矩显著增加。
  2. 功率输出特性:虽然扭矩增加,但柴油机通常在中低转速区间优化扭矩而非高转速功率。后冷却可能使高转速时功率受限(如涡轮迟滞或匹配问题),导致整体制动力矩马力下降。

选项分析

  • A. Lower torque, higher horsepower:错误。后冷却应提升扭矩而非降低。
  • B. Higher torque, lower horsepower:正确。低转速扭矩增加,但高转速功率受限。
  • C. Lower torque, lower horsepower:错误。冷却效果与参数降低无直接关系。
  • D. Higher torque, higher horsepower:错误。功率未全面提升,仅扭矩改善。

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