Pigs are not 1. _______ to North America. They were first introduced to California by Spanish and Russian explorers and settlers many centuries ago. In the early times, pigs were allowed to 2. _______ freely in search of food. This practice also allowed many pigs to escape from farms and live in the wild, which became a problem. In fact, they are one of the most damaging invasive species on the continent. Wild pigs 3. _______ millions of dollars in crop damage yearly. They also harbor dozens of diseases that 4. _______ both humans and farm animals. Forest patches with wild pigs have been found to have considerably reduced plant and animal 5. _______ . In addition to either eating other animals or their food supply, wild pigs 6. _______ native habitats by rooting up(根除) grasses and rubbing on trees. Their activities may also create opportunities for invasive plants to colonize these areas. Wild pigs will eat almost anything 7. _______ calories. Mice, deer, birds, snakes and frogs are among their victims. They can also harm other wild species through 8. _______ competition, rather than eating them or shrinking their food supply. On one particular United States island, wild pigs themselves became an attractive food 9. _______ for a species of mainland eagle. The eagles began breeding on the island and also 10. _______ on a species of native fox. The foxes were almost wiped out completely.
Pigs are not 1. _______ to North America. They were first introduced to California by Spanish and Russian explorers and settlers many centuries ago. In the early times, pigs were allowed to 2. _______ freely in search of food. This practice also allowed many pigs to escape from farms and live in the wild, which became a problem. In fact, they are one of the most damaging invasive species on the continent. Wild pigs 3. _______ millions of dollars in crop damage yearly. They also harbor dozens of diseases that 4. _______ both humans and farm animals. Forest patches with wild pigs have been found to have considerably reduced plant and animal 5. _______ . In addition to either eating other animals or their food supply, wild pigs 6. _______ native habitats by rooting up(根除) grasses and rubbing on trees. Their activities may also create opportunities for invasive plants to colonize these areas. Wild pigs will eat almost anything 7. _______ calories. Mice, deer, birds, snakes and frogs are among their victims. They can also harm other wild species through 8. _______ competition, rather than eating them or shrinking their food supply. On one particular United States island, wild pigs themselves became an attractive food 9. _______ for a species of mainland eagle. The eagles began breeding on the island and also 10. _______ on a species of native fox. The foxes were almost wiped out completely.
题目解答
答案
解析
本题主要考查词汇在语境中的运用，解题时需要结合上下文的语义、固定搭配以及句子结构来确定每个空应填的词汇。
- 根据“not...to”结构以及后文提到猪是由西班牙和俄罗斯探险家及定居者引入北美的，可知这里表达猪并非原产于北美，“native”有“原产的，本土的”意思，“be native to”是固定搭配，表示“原产于……”，所以此空填“native”。
- “run free”是固定表达，意为“自由放养”，结合语境，早期猪被允许自由活动寻找食物，所以这里填“run”。
- 由前文提到野猪成为问题以及后文说造成数百万美元的农作物损失，可知野猪导致了农作物的损害，“cause”有“造成，引起”的意思，所以此空填“cause”。
- 疾病通常会对人类和家畜造成威胁，“threaten”意为“威胁”，符合语境，所以此空填“threaten”。
- 有野猪的森林斑块中植物和动物的种类会减少，“diversity”表示“多样性”，“plant and animal diversity”即“动植物多样性”，所以此空填“diversity”。
- 野猪通过根除草和摩擦树木等行为对原生栖息地造成破坏，“destroy”有“破坏，毁坏”的意思，所以此空填“destroy”。
- “with”有“具有，带有”的含义，这里表示野猪几乎会吃任何含有卡路里的东西，所以此空填“with”。
- 野猪与其他野生动物之间的竞争是种间竞争，“interspecific”意为“种间的”，“interspecific competition”即“种间竞争”，所以此空填“interspecific”。
- 野猪成为了一种大陆鹰的食物来源，“source”有“来源”的意思，“food source”即“食物来源”，所以此空填“source”。
- “prey on”是固定短语，意为“捕食，猎食”，根据语境，鹰开始在岛上繁殖并捕食一种本土狐狸，且句子时态为一般过去时，所以此空填“preyed”。