题目

4-|||-Every year scientists open more doors that lead to the secrets of new-|||-beneficent drugs.-|||-There is bacitracin,which was discovered by two scientists at Columbia-|||-University`s College of Physicians and Surgeons.These two people,Dr.Frank-|||-Meleney and Miss Balbina Johnson, knowing that the human body had some-|||-kind of action in itself with which it fights infections, began to search for the-|||-chemical that does this.In the hospital they examined badly infected wounds-|||-of people who had been hurt in accidents and made tests of the blood and the-|||-infected tissue.-|||-Finally,in the wound of a girl who had broken a leg bone, they found the-|||-useful germs which seemed to be fighting the poisonouous infection.They took-|||-some of these into the laboratory and from them developed cultures; that is,-|||-larger masses of the germs with which to experiment.At last,after long and-|||-painstaking work, they were able to draw from these germs a substance which-|||-is a germ destroyer,Dr. Meleney and Miss Johnson named it bacitracin -baci-|||-because the germ is, in scientific language,a bacillus and tracin for Margaret-|||-Tracy,whose broken leg supplied the germ.-|||-Bacitracin at first was used only locally; later the drug was developed into a-|||-solution that can be used to fight germs through the blood stream.-|||-1.Today,the discovery of a new drug occurs __-|||-A.very seldom B.once in a generation-|||-C.once every ten years D.frequently-|||-2.Searching for the fighting chemical,the scientists examined __ 一-|||-A.fresh wounds B.infected wounds-|||-C.only infected leg bones D.only a few wounds-|||-3.Cultures,as used in this article,are __-|||-A.masses of germs B.blood tests-|||-C.masses of infected tissue D.poisonous germs-|||-4.Bacitracin __ _.-|||-A.is poisonous B.destroys germs-|||-C.restores broken bones D.develops germs-|||-5.From reading this selection you can infer that __-|||-A.many scientific discoveries are due to chance-|||-B.every year scientists discover new beneficent drugs-|||-C.behind medical discovery there may be a dramatic story-|||-D.cultures are large masses of germs

题目解答

答案

解析

考查要点：本题为阅读理解题，主要考查学生对文章细节的理解、推理判断能力以及词汇在上下文中的含义判断。
解题核心思路：

  1. 定位关键信息：根据问题关键词快速定位原文对应段落，提取关键细节。
  2. 推理判断：结合文章隐含信息，推断作者未直接说明的结论。
  3. 词汇猜测：根据上下文语境推测生词含义。

第1题

问题：Today, the discovery of a new drug occurs __
关键信息：文章首句提到“科学家每年打开更多通向新药秘密的大门”，暗示新药发现并非频繁，而是需要较长时间。
选项分析：

  • B. once in a generation（一代人一次）符合“more doors”隐含的“逐步推进”之意，其他选项与“more doors”语境不符。

第2题

问题：Searching for the fighting chemical, the scientists examined __
关键信息：原文提到“在医院他们检查了严重感染的伤口”，科学家明确选择已感染的伤口进行研究。
选项分析：

  • B. infected wounds直接对应原文描述，其他选项范围过窄或错误。

第3题

问题：Cultures, as used in this article, are __
关键信息：文中描述“从这些细菌中培养出更多细菌用于实验”，cultures指培养出的大量细菌。
选项分析：

  • A. masses of germs符合上下文语境，其他选项与“培养”过程无关。

第4题

问题：Bacitracin __
关键信息：文章明确说明“从这些细菌中提取了一种杀菌物质”，bacitracin的作用是杀菌。
选项分析：

  • B. destroys germs直接对应原文定义，其他选项与描述矛盾。

第5题

问题：From reading this selection you can infer that __
关键信息：文章通过具体案例（女孩骨折感染发现bacitracin）说明科学发现背后可能有戏剧性故事。
选项分析：

  • C. behind medical discovery there may be a dramatic story符合推理，其他选项与文章主旨无关。