题目

Each day, computers help millions of people do the job more efficiently. For example, they can help managers decide on a future course of action, and they can then help with the follow-up checks on performance to see if planned goals are being achieved. By using accurate and timely facts supplied by database management software, a manager can do a better job of identifying problems and opportunities. The facts retrieved (检索；使恢复 ) by such software can then be manipulated by a spreadsheet package to help the manager plan to alternate courses of action. And managers may not need to spend as much time in controlling when a computer can respond with a triggered report if actual performance varies from what was planned. The time saved in controlling may allow managers to give more attention to employees’ concerns, and this, in turn, may result in improved morale (士气). But employment benefits certainly aren’t restricted to managers. Health care researchers and other scientists also use computers to conduct research into complex problem areas that couldn’t otherwise be studied. Lawyers use on-line legal data banks to locate precedent (先前的)cases in order to serve clients better. Salespeople can receive more timely information about products in stock, can promise customers that their sales orders will be handled promptly, and can thus improve their sales performance because of the computer system. And the job duties of some office and factory workers have changed from routine, repetitive operations to more varied and appealing tasks through computer usage. For example, office workers who understand text processing, computing, and data communication usually have vital roles and are given critical office functions to perform.Which of the following examples shows the controlling function of a computer（） A．Helping managers decide on a future course of action. B．Helping managers check if planned goals are reached. C．Helping managers save time in writing a report. D．Helping managers design a spreadsheet package.

Each day, computers help millions of people do the job more efficiently. For example, they can help managers decide on a future course of action, and they can then help with the follow-up checks on performance to see if planned goals are being achieved. By using accurate and timely facts supplied by database management software, a manager can do a better job of identifying problems and opportunities. The facts retrieved (检索；使恢复 ) by such software can then be manipulated by a spreadsheet package to help the manager plan to alternate courses of action. And managers may not need to spend as much time in controlling when a computer can respond with a triggered report if actual performance varies from what was planned. The time saved in controlling may allow managers to give more attention to employees’ concerns, and this, in turn, may result in improved morale (士气). But employment benefits certainly aren’t restricted to managers. Health care researchers and other scientists also use computers to conduct research into complex problem areas that couldn’t otherwise be studied. Lawyers use on-line legal data banks to locate precedent (先前的)cases in order to serve clients better. Salespeople can receive more timely information about products in stock, can promise customers that their sales orders will be handled promptly, and can thus improve their sales performance because of the computer system. And the job duties of some office and factory workers have changed from routine, repetitive operations to more varied and appealing tasks through computer usage. For example, office workers who understand text processing, computing, and data communication usually have vital roles and are given critical office functions to perform.Which of the following examples shows the controlling function of a computer（） A．Helping managers decide on a future course of action. B．Helping managers check if planned goals are reached. C．Helping managers save time in writing a report. D．Helping managers design a spreadsheet package.

题目解答

答案

B

解析

考查要点：本题主要考查学生对文章中计算机控制功能的具体应用场景的理解，需要结合上下文准确识别对应选项。

解题核心思路：

  1. 明确“controlling function”的定义：文中指计算机通过自动触发报告（当实际表现偏离计划时）来减少管理者在控制环节的时间投入。
  2. 对比选项，锁定描述“检查目标达成情况”的选项，而非其他管理环节（如决策、设计工具等）。

破题关键点：

  • 关注原文中“controlling”对应的句子，提取核心动作（触发报告、检查偏差）。
  • 排除干扰项（如A选项属于“决策”，D选项属于“计划工具”）。

关键句定位：
文中明确提到控制功能的句子为：

“managers may not need to spend as much time in controlling when a computer can respond with a triggered report if actual performance varies from what was planned.”
（当实际表现与计划不符时，计算机可通过触发报告减少管理者在控制上的时间。）

选项分析：

  • A选项（帮助经理决定未来行动）对应文中“future course of action”，属于决策功能，非控制。
  • B选项（检查目标是否达成）对应“triggered report”触发条件（实际表现与计划对比），属于控制环节的监控。
  • C选项（节省写报告时间）混淆概念，控制功能是通过自动触发报告实现，而非直接关联写报告本身。
  • D选项（设计电子表格）属于计划工具的使用，与控制无关。

结论：
B选项直接对应控制功能的核心动作——通过检查实际表现与计划的偏差触发反馈。