题目

Many people believe that cloning represents man’s attempt to “play God” and want to see it banned. There are also many people who say that cloning research involving other animals should be banned as well. One scientist who doesn’t go along with this point of view is Michael Archer, who supports a proposed project to try to bring back the Tasmanian tiger that no longer exists. He believes people kill off all of the Tasmanian tigers, but through cloning the mistake could be corrected.Before the 1800s, this animal could be found all across Australia. But when settlers from Europe came to Australia, they found that Australia was a very good place to raise sheep. Unfortunately, many of these sheep were killed by Tasmanian tigers, so people began to hunt the tigers. In 1936, the last known Tasmanian tiger died in a zoo in Tasmania. Since then, no evidence of any living Tasmanian tigers in the wild has been found.What is the main purpose of the passage?A. It is to present the history of cloning research.B. It is to argue against cloning research.C. It is to contrast cloning laws in different countries.D. It is to explain a specific cloning project.

Many people believe that cloning represents man’s attempt to “play God” and want to see it banned. There are also many people who say that cloning research involving other animals should be banned as well. One scientist who doesn’t go along with this point of view is Michael Archer, who supports a proposed project to try to bring back the Tasmanian tiger that no longer exists. He believes people kill off all of the Tasmanian tigers, but through cloning the mistake could be corrected. Before the 1800s, this animal could be found all across Australia. But when settlers from Europe came to Australia, they found that Australia was a very good place to raise sheep. Unfortunately, many of these sheep were killed by Tasmanian tigers, so people began to hunt the tigers. In 1936, the last known Tasmanian tiger died in a zoo in Tasmania. Since then, no evidence of any living Tasmanian tigers in the wild has been found. What is the main purpose of the passage? A. It is to present the history of cloning research. B. It is to argue against cloning research. C. It is to contrast cloning laws in different countries. D. It is to explain a specific cloning project.

题目解答

答案

我们来一步一步分析这篇短文，找出它的**主要目的**。 --- **第一步：理解文章内容** 文章开头提到： - 很多人认为克隆是人类“扮演上帝”的行为，想禁止克隆。 - 有些人甚至认为涉及动物的克隆研究也应该被禁止。 - 但有一位科学家 **Michael Archer** 不这么认为。 - 他支持一个**试图让已经灭绝的袋狼（Tasmanian tiger）复活的项目**。 - 他认为人类导致了袋狼的灭绝，而通过克隆可以**纠正这个错误**。 接着，文章介绍了袋狼的历史： - 1800年以前，袋狼在澳大利亚广泛存在。 - 欧洲移民来到澳大利亚后，发展养羊业。 - 袋狼会捕食羊，于是人们开始大量猎杀袋狼。 - 1936年，最后一只袋狼在动物园死亡。 - 从此以后，再没有发现过活着的袋狼。 --- **第二步：分析每段的作用** - 第一段：引出克隆的争议，提出Michael Archer支持用克隆技术复活灭绝动物。 - 第二段：介绍袋狼灭绝的历史背景，说明人类活动是其灭绝的原因。 这两段共同服务于一个目的：**解释为什么有人支持用克隆技术复活袋狼**。 --- **第三步：看选项，逐一排除** **A. 它是为了介绍克隆研究的历史。** ❌ 错误。文章没有系统介绍克隆研究的发展历史，只是提到人们对克隆的看法和一个具体项目。 **B. 它是为了反对克隆研究。** ❌ 错误。文章开头提到有人反对，但作者并没有表达反对立场，反而通过Michael Archer的观点支持某个克隆项目。所以不是“反对”。 **C. 它是为了对比不同国家的克隆法律。** ❌ 错误。文章完全没有提到任何国家的法律，也没有进行对比。 **D. 它是为了解释一个具体的克隆项目。** ✅ 正确。文章的核心是介绍Michael Archer支持的**用克隆技术复活袋狼**的项目，并解释其背景和理由。 --- **第四步：确认答案** 虽然文章开头提到了人们对克隆的争议，但重点是通过袋狼的例子，说明**克隆可以用于纠正人类造成的生态错误**，从而支持一个**具体的克隆项目**。 因此，文章的主要目的是解释这个项目。 --- **最终答案：** \boxed{D}

解析

考查要点：本题主要考查学生对文章主旨的把握能力，需要通过分析段落结构和关键信息，判断作者的写作目的。

解题核心思路：

  1. 定位关键句：文章开头提出“克隆技术复活灭绝动物”的观点，后文通过袋狼灭绝的历史展开说明。
  2. 排除干扰项：选项B、C与文章中“支持克隆项目”的倾向矛盾，选项A未涉及“克隆研究的历史”。
  3. 锁定核心目的：文章通过具体案例（袋狼）解释一个具体的克隆项目，而非泛泛讨论克隆争议。

步骤1：梳理文章结构

  • 第一段：引出克隆技术的争议，提出Michael Archer支持用克隆技术复活袋狼的观点。
  • 第二段：详细描述袋狼灭绝的原因（人类活动导致），为解释克隆项目的合理性提供背景。

步骤2：分析选项对应关系

  • 选项D：文章通过袋狼灭绝的历史，说明“克隆技术可以纠正人类错误”，直接对应“解释具体克隆项目”。
  • 排除其他选项：
    • A：未涉及克隆技术的发展历程。
    • B：文章未表达反对克隆的立场，反而支持特定项目。
    • C：未提及任何国家法律或对比内容。

步骤3：验证结论

文章始终围绕袋狼克隆项目展开，通过历史背景说明其必要性，最终指向解释具体项目的写作目的。