题目
Which of the following statements are correct?A. Foundation systems transfer the loads from the structure above to the soil or rock below the building.B. The strength of a structure depends on the strength of the materials from which it is made.C. The main goal of the inventory phase is to identify those bridges that are vulnerable to scour.D. Traditionally, pavements are classified into two categories, namely flexible and rigid pavements.
Which of the following statements are correct?
A. Foundation systems transfer the loads from the structure above to the soil or rock below the building.
B. The strength of a structure depends on the strength of the materials from which it is made.
C. The main goal of the inventory phase is to identify those bridges that are vulnerable to scour.
D. Traditionally, pavements are classified into two categories, namely flexible and rigid pavements.
题目解答
答案
AD
A. Foundation systems transfer the loads from the structure above to the soil or rock below the building.
D. Traditionally, pavements are classified into two categories, namely flexible and rigid pavements.
A. Foundation systems transfer the loads from the structure above to the soil or rock below the building.
D. Traditionally, pavements are classified into two categories, namely flexible and rigid pavements.
解析
本题主要考查对土木工程相关概念的理解,解题思路是对每个选项所涉及的知识点进行逐一分析判断。
- 选项A:
- 基础系统的主要功能就是将建筑物上部结构的荷载传递到建筑物下方的土壤或岩石上。这是基础系统在土木工程中的基本定义和作用,所以选项A的描述是正确的。
- 选项B:
- 结构的强度不仅仅取决于所使用材料的强度。虽然材料强度是影响结构强度的重要因素,但结构的设计形式、构造方式、受力状态等也会对结构强度产生显著影响。例如,一个合理的结构设计可以使材料的强度得到更有效的发挥,而不合理的设计可能导致结构在材料强度未达到极限时就发生破坏。所以选项B的描述过于片面,是错误的。
- 选项C:
- 清查阶段的主要目标通常是全面了解桥梁的现状,包括桥梁的结构类型、使用年限、技术状况等多方面信息,而不仅仅是识别那些易受冲刷的桥梁。识别易受冲刷的桥梁只是清查阶段可能涉及的一部分工作,并非主要目标。所以选项C的描述不准确,是错误的。
- 选项D:
- 传统上,路面确实主要分为柔性路面和刚性路面两大类。柔性路面主要由沥青等柔性材料组成,其结构整体性相对较差,主要靠各结构层的共同作用来承受车辆荷载;刚性路面主要由水泥混凝土等刚性材料组成,其强度和稳定性较高,主要依靠板体的抗弯拉强度来承受车辆荷载。所以选项D的描述是正确的。