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1. It was not a serious accident, the car needs only some ___ repairs.A. majorB. secondaryC. minorD. primary2. It is highly desirable that a new president ___(appoint)for this college.A. appointedB. be appointedC. was appointedD. is appointed3. We tried and tried, but it was all ___.A. to no availB. for no availC. not to availD. not of avail4. When he was questioned about the missing ring, he firmly ___ that he had ever seen it.A. defiedB. accusedC. refusedD. denied5. Many of the scientists and engineers are judged ___ how great their achievements are.A. in spite ofB. in ways ofC. in favor ofD. in terms of

1. It was not a serious accident, the car needs only some ___ repairs. A. major B. secondary C. minor D. primary 2. It is highly desirable that a new president ___(appoint)for this college. A. appointed B. be appointed C. was appointed D. is appointed 3. We tried and tried, but it was all ___. A. to no avail B. for no avail C. not to avail D. not of avail 4. When he was questioned about the missing ring, he firmly ___ that he had ever seen it. A. defied B. accused C. refused D. denied 5. Many of the scientists and engineers are judged ___ how great their achievements are. A. in spite of B. in ways of C. in favor of D. in terms of

题目解答

答案

我们来逐题分析并解答这些题目,给出详细的解题过程和正确答案。 --- **第1题:** **It was not a serious accident, the car needs only some ___ repairs.** A. major B. secondary C. minor D. primary **解题过程:** 句子意思是:“这并不是一场严重的事故,这辆车只需要一些___修理。” 关键词是前半句:“not a serious accident”(不是严重事故),说明损坏不严重,因此修理也应该是“轻微的”。 我们来看选项: - A. major:主要的,重大的 → 与“not serious”矛盾,排除。 - B. secondary:次要的,第二位的 → 虽然有“次要”之意,但不常用于描述“repairs”(修理程度),搭配不当。 - C. minor:轻微的,少量的 → 正好对应“not serious”,常用于“minor repairs”(小修),搭配正确。 - D. primary:主要的,初级的 → 不符合语境,排除。 **正确答案:C. minor** --- **第2题:** **It is highly desirable that a new president ___(appoint) for this college.** A. appointed B. be appointed C. was appointed D. is appointed **解题过程:** 这是一个典型的**虚拟语气**句型。 句型“It is + 形容词(如 important, necessary, desirable, essential 等)+ that...”后面从句要用**虚拟语气**,即谓语动词用“**should + 动词原形**”,其中 **should 可以省略**。 本句中,“It is highly desirable that...” 表示“非常希望/理想的是……”,因此后面应该用“should be appointed”或直接“be appointed”。 看选项: - A. appointed:过去式或过去分词,缺少助动词,语法错误。 - B. be appointed:正确形式,符合虚拟语气结构(should be appointed → should 省略)。 - C. was appointed:陈述语气过去时,不符合虚拟语气要求。 - D. is appointed:现在时被动,虽然是事实语气,但不用于这种虚拟结构中。 **正确答案:B. be appointed** --- **第3题:** **We tried and tried, but it was all ___.** A. to no avail B. for no avail C. not to avail D. not of avail **解题过程:** 句意:“我们一次又一次地尝试,但都___。” 显然是“没有成功”“徒劳”。 我们来看固定搭配: - **to no avail** 是一个固定短语,意思是“毫无效果,徒劳”。 例如:He tried to fix it, but to no avail. 其他选项: - B. for no avail:没有这个搭配,“for”不与“avail”这样搭配。 - C. not to avail:语法不通,“avail”作动词时是“有助于”,但“not to avail”不能表达“徒劳”的意思。 - D. not of avail:虽然“of avail”意思是“有用的”,但“not of avail”不如“to no avail”常见,且结构上不自然,不是标准表达。 因此,只有 A 是地道、正确的固定搭配。 **正确答案:A. to no avail** --- **第4题:** **When he was questioned about the missing ring, he firmly ___ that he had ever seen it.** A. defied B. accused C. refused D. denied **解题过程:** 句意:“当被问及那枚丢失的戒指时,他坚决___自己曾经见过它。” 我们需要一个动词,表示“否认”自己见过戒指。 逐个分析选项: - A. defied:违抗,蔑视(authority),例如 defy the law(违抗法律)→ 不符合语境。 - B. accused:指控,通常结构是 accuse someone of something → 他不可能“指控”自己见过戒指,逻辑错误。 - C. refused:拒绝,后面通常接名词或不定式(如 refused to answer),不能直接接 that 从句。虽然可以说 refuse to do something,但不能说 “refused that...”。 - D. denied:否认,后面可以接 that 从句或动名词,如 deny doing sth 或 deny that... → 完全符合语法和语义。 “he firmly denied that he had ever seen it” 意思是“他坚决否认自己曾经见过它”,逻辑通顺。 **正确答案:D. denied** --- **第5题:** **Many of the scientists and engineers are judged ___ how great their achievements are.** A. in spite of B. in ways of C. in favor of D. in terms of **解题过程:** 句意:“许多科学家和工程师是根据他们成就的大小来被评价的。” 我们要选一个介词短语,表示“根据”“以……为标准”。 分析选项: - A. in spite of:尽管,虽然 → 表让步,不符合句意。 - B. in ways of:这个搭配不存在,正确说法可能是 “in terms of” 或 “in ways that...”,但“in ways of” 是错误表达。 - C. in favor of:支持,赞成 → 不符合语境。 - D. in terms of:在……方面,根据……来说 → 正确搭配。 “be judged in terms of...” 是常见表达,意思是“根据……来评判”。 例如:Students are judged in terms of their test scores. **正确答案:D. in terms of** --- ### 最终答案汇总: 1. **C. minor** 2. **B. be appointed** 3. **A. to no avail** 4. **D. denied** 5. **D. in terms of** \boxed{C, B, A, D, D}

解析

  1. 第1题:考查形容词辨析,需根据语境判断事故的严重程度与修理级别的对应关系。minor表示“小修”,符合“not a serious accident”的语境。
  2. 第2题:考查虚拟语气的用法,句型“It is highly desirable that”后需用虚拟语气“should be appointed”(should可省略)。
  3. 第3题:考查固定短语搭配,“to no avail”表示“徒劳无功”,是固定表达。
  4. 第4题:考查动词辨析,deny表示“否认事实”,后接that从句,符合语境。
  5. 第5题:考查介词短语的用法,in terms of表示“根据……来判断”,符合句意。

第1题

关键点:事故不严重,修理级别应为“轻微”。

  • minor意为“小的、轻微的”,常与repairs搭配,表示“小修”。
  • major(重大)、secondary(次要的)、primary(主要的)均与语境矛盾。

第2题

关键点:虚拟语气的固定结构。

  • “It is highly desirable that”后需用虚拟语气,即should + 动词原形。
  • 主语a new president是动作的承受者,需用被动语态be appointed。
  • should可省略,直接保留be appointed。

第3题

关键点:固定短语“to no avail”的用法。

  • “to no avail”是固定搭配,表示“徒劳无功”。
  • 其他选项(如“for no avail”)不符合英语表达习惯。

第4题

关键点:动词deny与refuse的区别。

  • deny表示“否认事实”,后可直接接that从句。
  • refuse表示“拒绝请求”,通常接不定式(如refuse to do)。

第5题

关键点:介词短语in terms of的用法。

  • in terms of表示“根据……来判断”,符合句意“根据成就大小来评价”。
  • in ways of是错误搭配,in favor of表示“支持”,in spite of表示“尽管”。

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