We all laugh. We all hurt. We all make mistakes. We all dream, that's life. It's a journey. Please follow these rules to make the journey of your life a journey of joy! Staying positive through the cold season could be your best defense against getting ill, new study findings suggest.In an experiment that exposed healthy volunteers to a cold or flu virus, researchers found that people with a generally sunny disposition (性格) were less likely to fall ill. The findings, published in the journal Psychosomatic Medicine, build on evidence that a "positive emotional style" can help ward off the common cold and other illnesses.Researchers believe the reasons may be both objective as in happiness boosting immune function and subjective as in happy people being less troubled by a scratchy throat or runny nose. "People with a positive emotional style may have different immune response to the virus," explained lead study author Dr Sheldon Cohen of Carnegie Mellon University in Pittsburgh. "And when they do get a cold, they may interpret their illness as being less severe." Cohen and his colleagues had found in a previous study that happier people seemed less likely to catch a cold, but some questions remained as to whether the emotional trait itself had the effect.For the new study, the researchers had 193 healthy adults with complete standard measures of personality traits, self-perceived health and emotional "style". Those who tended to be happy, energetic and easy-going were judged as having a positive emotional style, while those who were often unhappy, tense and hostile had a negative style. The researchers gave them nose drops containing either a cold virus or a particular flu virus. Over the next six days, the volunteers reported on any aches, pains, or sneezing (打喷嚏) they had, while the researchers collected objective data. Cohen and his colleagues found that based on objective measures of nasal woes (鼻部的不适), happy people were less likely to develop a cold.(1) (单选题)The new study findings in the experiment suggest that _________.A.Being optimistic is more probable to keep healthy.B.Staying positive is more likely to catch cold.C.Having a negative emotion is harmful to the character.D.Having a good disposition is more likely to get ill.(2) (单选题)The phrase "ward off" in Paragraph 2 most probably means "_________".A.set asideB.give inC.shrug offD.keep away(3) (单选题)It can be inferred from Dr. Sheldon Cohen's interpretation that ______________.A.people with a positive emotion are more likely to regard their illness as less serious.B.people with a negative emotion are more likely to boost immune function to the virus.C.people with a positive emotion are more likely to interpret their illness objectively.D.people with a negative emotion are more likely to interpret their illness subjectively.(4) (单选题)It can be learnt from the passage that the benefits of having a positive emotional style are _____________.A.still dubiousB.to be further studiedC.proven by scientific researchD.self-evident(5) (单选题)Which of the following would be the best TITLE for the passage?A. Happy Journey Full of JoyB.The Health Benefits of Staying PositiveC.Scientific Evidence of Staying HealthyD.The Secrets of Staying Positive
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整体考察内容
本文围绕“积极情绪对健康的影响”展开,通过一项实验研究说明积极的情绪风格有助于抵御感冒等疾病,题目主要考查细节理解、词义猜测、推理判断及主旨大意。
题目解析
1. 细节理解题
题目问新研究结果表明什么。根据第一段第二句“Staying positive through the cold season could be your best defense against getting ill, new study findings suggest.” 及第二段“people with a generally sunny disposition were less likely to fall ill”,可知积极乐观更可能保持健康。
- A. 乐观更可能保持健康(符合文意);
- B. 积极更可能感冒(与文意相反);
- C. 负面情绪有害性格(未提及“性格”,无关);
- D. 好性格更可能生病(与文意相反)。
答案:A
2. 词义猜测题
题目问“ward off”的含义。根据第二段“a 'positive emotional style' can help ward off the common cold and other illnesses”,结合上下文“积极情绪帮助抵御疾病”,可推断“ward off”意为“抵御、远离”。
- A. 搁置(不符);
- B. 屈服(不符);
- C. 耸肩(不符);
- D. 远离(符合)。
答案:D
3. 推理判断题
题目问从Dr. Sheldon Cohen的解释可推断什么。根据第四段“when they do get a cold, they may interpret their illness as being less severe”,可知积极情绪的人更可能认为疾病不严重。
- A. 积极情绪者更可能认为疾病较轻(符合);
- B. 消极情绪者更可能提升免疫(文中未提消极情绪的免疫作用);
- C. 积极情绪者更客观看待疾病(文中说“interpret as less severe”,非“客观”);
- D. 消极情绪者更主观看待疾病(未提及)。
答案:A
4. 推理判断题
题目. 题目问积极情绪风格的好处是什么。根据全文:研究通过实验证明积极情绪者更少感冒,且有客观数据支持(“based on objective measures... happy people were less likely to develop a cold”),说明好处已被科学研究证明。
- A. 仍可疑(不符,研究有证据);
- B. 待进一步研究(文中已给出实验结果);
- C. 被科学研究证明(符合);
- D. 不言自明(不符,需实验证明)。
答案:C
5. 主旨大意题
题目问最佳标题。全文核心是“积极情绪有助于抵御疾病”,重点在“积极情绪的健康益处”。
- A. 充满快乐的旅程(偏离核心,未提“健康”);
- B. 保持积极的健康益处(符合核心);
- C. 保持健康的科学证据(范围过大,未聚焦“积极情绪”);
- D. 保持积极的秘密(未提“健康益处”)。
答案:B