题目

This process is key to establishing later lines of research, so try to get as much information as possible, bearing in mind that some of what you hear may not be strictly accurate — memories can fade over time, whilst many of our relatives are referred to by “pet” names that are not the same as the ones they were born with. You will almost certainly hear stories that may have been passed through the family for generations, and it will be your task to check if they are true. Take some time to see if anyone has already done some family history. Even if you do discover that you are not the first to chronicle the story of your clan, check the details that have been uncovered already; it can’t hurt to ensure that the details are actually correct.Once you’ve exhausted your family’s store of knowledge, it’s time to look for other things, such as personal letters, photographs, official documents, school reports and even old uniforms, which can reveal great detail about the past and add color to the lives of our forebears.You will quickly find that the processes outlined above generate a great deal of data, and the best way to keep track of where you are is to organize it in a highly visual fashion by compiling a family tree. This is a diagram that shows how all your family members are related to one another. Start with yourself; if you are married, place your partner’s name alongside yours and connect them with the symbol ‘=’ or ‘m’ to denote marriage, and put the date next to it. If you have children, they sit underneath your name on the family tree and represent the generation below you. Similarly, your parents go above you, and their parents — your grandparents — above them. Each time you work back a generation, you double the number of direct ancestors; thus you have four grandparents, eight great-grandparents and so on.50. What is the writer’s main purpose in writing this passage?A. To convince the reader that it’s necessary to build a family tree.B. To encourage the reader to find more about their family tree.C. To remind the reader that accuracy matters for a family tree.D. To teach the reader how to build a family tree step by step.

This process is key to establishing later lines of research, so try to get as much information as possible, bearing in mind that some of what you hear may not be strictly accurate — memories can fade over time, whilst many of our relatives are referred to by “pet” names that are not the same as the ones they were born with. You will almost certainly hear stories that may have been passed through the family for generations, and it will be your task to check if they are true. Take some time to see if anyone has already done some family history. Even if you do discover that you are not the first to chronicle the story of your clan, check the details that have been uncovered already; it can’t hurt to ensure that the details are actually correct. Once you’ve exhausted your family’s store of knowledge, it’s time to look for other things, such as personal letters, photographs, official documents, school reports and even old uniforms, which can reveal great detail about the past and add color to the lives of our forebears. You will quickly find that the processes outlined above generate a great deal of data, and the best way to keep track of where you are is to organize it in a highly visual fashion by compiling a family tree. This is a diagram that shows how all your family members are related to one another. Start with yourself; if you are married, place your partner’s name alongside yours and connect them with the symbol ‘=’ or ‘m’ to denote marriage, and put the date next to it. If you have children, they sit underneath your name on the family tree and represent the generation below you. Similarly, your parents go above you, and their parents — your grandparents — above them. Each time you work back a generation, you double the number of direct ancestors; thus you have four grandparents, eight great-grandparents and so on. 50. What is the writer’s main purpose in writing this passage? A. To convince the reader that it’s necessary to build a family tree. B. To encourage the reader to find more about their family tree. C. To remind the reader that accuracy matters for a family tree. D. To teach the reader how to build a family tree step by step.

题目解答

答案

我们来一步一步分析这道题目。 题目问的是：**作者写这篇文章的主要目的是什么？** 我们需要通读全文，理解其内容和写作意图，然后从四个选项中选出最符合“主要目的”的一个。 --- **第一步：理解文章内容** 文章主要讲的是如何进行家族历史的研究，特别是建立家谱（family tree）的过程。我们可以将文章分为两个部分： 1. **第一段**：强调从家人那里收集信息的重要性，但也要注意信息的准确性。 - 提到家人记忆可能不准确； - “昵称”可能和正式名字不同； - 家族传说可能代代相传，但需要验证； - 建议先看看是否有人已经做过家族研究，但也要核对细节是否正确。 → 这一段强调的是：**收集信息时要谨慎，注意核实真实性**。 2. **第二段**：建议寻找实物证据，如信件、照片、官方文件等，这些能丰富祖先的生活细节。 → 强调的是：**除了口述，还要找实物资料**。 3. **第三段**：当收集了足够信息后，要用“家谱图”来整理信息。 - 解释了如何画家谱图：从自己开始，向上是父母、祖父母，向下是子女； - 用符号表示婚姻和代际关系； - 指出每上一代，祖先数量翻倍。 → 这一段是在**教读者如何具体构建家谱图**。 --- **第二步：分析作者的主要目的** 虽然文章提到了： - 验证信息的准确性（对应选项C）， - 建立家谱的必要性（对应选项A）， - 鼓励探索家族历史（对应选项B）， 但全文的结构是**按步骤指导读者怎么做**： 1. 先从家人那里收集信息（注意核实）； 2. 再找实物资料； 3. 最后用家谱图来组织信息，并详细说明如何画。 尤其是第三段，用了“start with yourself”、“place your partner’s name alongside yours”、“connect them with ‘=’”等**非常具体的步骤性语言**，明显是在**教学**。 因此，作者不仅仅是鼓励或提醒，而是在**系统地教读者如何一步步建立家谱**。 --- **第三步：逐个分析选项** A. **To convince the reader that it’s necessary to build a family tree.** （说服读者建立家谱是必要的） → 文章没有花大力气“说服”读者这是“必要的”，而是默认读者有兴趣，并直接进入“怎么做”。所以不是主要目的。 B. **To encourage the reader to find more about their family tree.** （鼓励读者更多了解自己的家谱） → 有一定道理，文章确实在引导读者行动，但“鼓励”只是次要目的，文章更侧重“指导”。 C. **To remind the reader that accuracy matters for a family tree.** （提醒读者家谱的准确性很重要） → 文章确实提到了这一点，但这只是其中一个注意事项，不是全文的核心。 D. **To teach the reader how to build a family tree step by step.** （教读者如何一步步建立家谱） → 这是最全面、最准确的选项。文章从信息收集、资料查找，到如何绘制家谱图，都给出了具体步骤，尤其是最后一段完全是教学性质。 --- **第四步：得出结论** 虽然文章包含了鼓励、提醒准确性等内容，但整体结构是**按步骤指导如何建立家谱**，因此主要目的是**教学**。 --- **答案：D** \boxed{\text{D}}

解析

考查要点：本题主要考查学生对文章主旨的把握能力，需要通过分析作者的写作意图，判断其核心目的。

解题思路：

  1. 整体感知：通读全文，明确文章围绕“建立家谱”展开，包含信息收集、资料整理、绘制家谱图等内容。
  2. 结构分析：文章按步骤引导读者如何操作，如“先收集信息→再找实物资料→最后用家谱图整理”，语言具操作性。
  3. 关键句定位：第三段详细说明如何绘制家谱图（如符号使用、代际关系），体现教学意图。
  4. 选项对比：排除其他选项（如“鼓励”“提醒准确性”）的片面性，锁定“教学”作为核心目的。

选项逐一分析：

  1. 选项A（说服建立家谱）：文章未强调“必要性”，而是默认读者有需求，直接讲解方法，故排除。
  2. 选项B（鼓励探索）：虽文章引导行动，但“鼓励”仅为辅助作用，非核心目的。
  3. 选项C（强调准确性）：准确性是注意事项之一，但仅为步骤中的细节，非全文主旨。
  4. 选项D（教学步骤）：文章通过分步讲解（如“从自身开始”“用符号连接”）系统教学，符合“how-to”类文章特征，是正确答案。

关键结论：文章通过步骤性指导，手把手教读者建立家谱，因此主要目的是教学。