题目
3.1.2 Word Building Skill: "pre-" and "per-"necessary, predecessor(前任,前辈), predict, pretend, precaution, perception, permanent, pervasive, perform1) She began to raise money for her dream of a __ , non-profit school for the higher education of women.2) You should be warm-hearted and ___ that this new colleague is one of your best friends.3) When changing the point of observation, we also change our understanding and ____ of the surrounding world.4) By using this test, the teacher could ____ whether the students are capable of doing this task.5) The car is some 40mm shorter than its ____ .6) Jane admitted she was a bit worried about having to ____ the leading female role after only a year of opera studies.
3.1.2 Word Building Skill: "pre-" and "per-"necessary, predecessor(前任,前辈), predict, pretend, precaution, perception, permanent, pervasive, perform1) She began to raise money for her dream of a __ , non-profit school for the higher education of women.2) You should be warm-hearted and ___ that this new colleague is one of your best friends.3) When changing the point of observation, we also change our understanding and ____ of the surrounding world.4) By using this test, the teacher could ____ whether the students are capable of doing this task.5) The car is some 40mm shorter than its ____ .6) Jane admitted she was a bit worried about having to ____ the leading female role after only a year of opera studies.
题目解答
答案
1、句意:她开始为自己的梦想筹款,那就是建立一所永久性的、非营利性的女子高等教育学校。因此答案为permanent2、句意:你应该热情洋溢,假装这个新同事是你最好的朋友之一。因此答案为pretend3、句意:当我们改变观察的角度时,我们对周围世界的理解和感知也随之改变。因此答案为perception4、句意:通过这个测试,老师可以预测学生是否有能力完成这个任务。因此答案为predict5、句意:这款车比它的前身短了大约40毫米。因此答案为predecessor6、句意:简承认,她对仅仅学了一年歌剧就不得不扮演女主角有点担心。因此答案为perform
解析
本题主要考查前缀"pre-"和"per-"的辨析与应用,需要根据句意选择正确的单词。解题核心在于:
- 区分前缀含义:"pre-"常表示"预先的、之前的"(如precaution, predecessor);"per-"常表示"彻底的、完全的"(如permanent, perform)。
- 结合语境判断词性:注意句子中空格需要名词、动词或形容词形式。
- 联想单词核心含义:如"pretend"强调"假装","predict"强调"预先判断"。
1) She began to raise money for her dream of a __ , non-profit school...
permanent(永久的)
- "per-"表示"完全的",与"manent"(来自拉丁语manere"保持")组合,强调"永久保持"的状态。
- 句中"non-profit"与空格并列修饰school,需形容词,permanent符合"长期持续的非营利性质"。
2) You should be warm-hearted and ___ that this new colleague...
pretend(假装)
- "pre-"表示"预先",但pretend的核心含义是"假装"(pre+tenere"抓住前面的假象")。
- 句中"be warm-hearted"与空格动作并列,需动词原形,pretend符合"假装成朋友"的情境。
3) ...our understanding and ____ of the surrounding world.
perception(知觉)
- "per-"表示"全面的",ception来自"抓住",强调"全面的感知能力"。
- 空格与understanding并列,需名词形式,perception表示"认知视角"。
4) ...could ____ whether the students are capable...
predict(预测)
- "pre-"表示"预先",dict来自"说",强调"预先判断"。
- 句中"could"后接动词原形,predict符合"通过测试预先判断能力"。
5) The car is some 40mm shorter than its ____ .
predecessor(前身)
- "pre-"表示"之前的",decessor来自"去者",指"前代产品"。
- 空格需名词,predecessor指"上一代车型"。
6) ...having to ____ the leading female role after only a year...
perform(扮演)
- "per-"表示"彻底执行",form来自"形状",强调"完整呈现角色"。
- 句中"having to"后接动词原形,perform指"演出/扮演角色"。