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Women are shorter and younger than their husbands. If Alan wants to get married, he should date shorter and younger women.A. Ad MisericordiamB. Dicto SimpliciterC. Hasty GeneralizationD. False Analogy

Women are shorter and younger than their husbands. If Alan wants to get married, he should date shorter and younger women.

A. Ad Misericordiam

B. Dicto Simpliciter

C. Hasty Generalization

D. False Analogy

题目解答

答案

B. Dicto Simpliciter

解析

本题考查逻辑谬误类型的识别能力,核心在于理解各选项对应的逻辑错误特征,并结合题干中的推理过程进行匹配。关键点在于:

  1. Dicto Simpliciter(断言一般规则绝对化)指将普遍性结论错误地推广到所有个体,忽略例外情况。
  2. 题干中通过“女性普遍比丈夫矮且年轻”推导出“男性应选择更矮更年轻的女性”,忽略了个体差异,属于对一般性趋势的绝对化应用。

选项分析

  • A. Ad Misericordiam:通过激发同情心而非逻辑说服,与题干无关。
  • B. Dicto Simpliciter:将一般性规则绝对化。题干中“女性普遍比丈夫矮且年轻”是普遍趋势,但将其作为所有男性(如Alan)的唯一选择标准,忽略了个体差异(如女性可能比丈夫高或年龄更大),符合此谬误。
  • C. Hasty Generalization:基于有限样本得出广泛结论。题干的前提是普遍现象而非小样本推断,不适用。
  • D. False Analogy:不恰当类比。题干未涉及类比推理,排除。

关键结论

题干的推理错误在于将普遍趋势视为绝对规则,属于Dicto Simpliciter。

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