21第一节(共15题；每小题2分，满分30分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 AToast (土司), perfume and washing powder are the smells most likely to hit youwhen you walk through the door of your home, according to a new study.Researchers haveidentified(确认) the whiffs which they claim make a house ahome, with washing powder making up 34 percent. Freshly made toast accounts foranother 22 percent, while perfume makes up17 percent. Other smells which will typically hit you as you step through frontdoors around Britain include last night’s dinner (10 percent), flowers (12percent), coffee (5 percent) and pets.Seven percent ofBritons—around 1.5 million—claim that a unique smell is what makes their housea home, above the furniture or decoration. Halfadmit the smell of home makes them feel safe and warm, while it leaves one in10 feeling worried or upset. A third of people have tried to recreate a certainsmell to make them feel more at home. A further third have put off buying aproperty because of how it smells and three quarters believe you can find out agreat deal about a person from the smell of their home. Four in 10 people haveavoided visiting someone because of the smell of their home.The study alsofound that one in five people love the smell of their home so much they want tobottle it and take it with them. Three in 10 wish they could have smells oftheir own home while on holiday. A further two in 5 would like to smell theirliving room while out shopping as the smell of home makes a third feel relaxedand stress-free.Professor TimJacob, an expert in the psychology of smell, said, “Smells make a house a homebecause of the positive associations being ‘home’ has. Your home is filled withthe things you love—your children, partner, perfume, pets—so when you smellthem, you instantly feel better and at ease. People respond(反应) well to familiar smells. Those which arealien(陌生的) make us feel on edge until we’veidentified the source and assessed that it’s not harmful.21. According to the passage, all thefollowing make up the smell of a home EXCEPT ______. A. toast B.perfume C.coffee D.partner22. The underlined word “whiffs” is closestto “_________” in meaning. A. scenes B.smells C.emotions D. senses23. Paragraph 3 mainly tells us that______. A. people are influencedgreatly by smells B.smells shape one’s personality C. smells influence one’spurchase D. smells make one’s house unique24. Which of the following statements isNOT true? A. Professor Tim is convincedthat smells of home are connected with the beloved. B. All the Britons don’t admitthat the smell of home makes them at ease. C. Freshly-made toast makes upthe largest percent of home smells. D. We don’tfeel safe unless we confirm the origin of some unfamiliar smells.B No one elseknew about the extra club in Zach Nash’s golf bag. It belonged to a friend, andZach forgot it was there as he played his way to victory in a junior tournament(锦标赛)this summer in Wisconsin,US.The 14-year-oldaccepted his medal, celebrated with grandparents who had come from a long wayto watch. But when he stopped by his country club to share the news, aprofessional player noticed something wrong. “Count your clubs,” he told theteenager.Fifteen—one more than allowed. Zach’seyes filled with tears.If Zach hadjust won a basketball championship or a soccer game and someone had discovereda violation after the win, it would not have mattered. It is nothing unusualfor a soccer player to dive to the turf to draw fouls(假摔以使对方犯规).Golf isdifferent. In a win-at-all-costs world, the game holds itself to a higherstandard. Golf isn’t a game where referees watch closely. In golf tournaments,dozens of competitors are spread across acres of land, so officials cannot hopeto see each shot. Competitors call penalties(处罚)on themselves. “It was asport for gentlemen, and gentlemen did not care about winning. They care aboutdoing the right thing,” said Robert Simon, a golf coach at Hamilton College inNew York.Honesty becamea medal of honor. When one of the game’s early stars, Bobby Jones, was praisedfor calling a penalty on himself at the 1925 US Open, he replied: “You mightas well praise a man for not robbing a bank.”So even theerror had no effect on Zach’s final score—he has never used the extra club. The teenager packed up his medaland dropped it in the mail. “But this was golf, and rules are rules. I justknew what I had to do,” he said. Then came another tournament.Before teeing off(开球), Zach counted his clubs—four times.25. What can we infer from the text? A. A friend put an extra clubin Zach’s bag secretly. B. Breaking the rules hasbecome acceptable in some sports. C. Zach’s grandparentsdiscouraged him from calling a penalty. D. Zach regretted sharing thenews with the professional player. 26. According to Robert, golf is differentfrom other sports in that ______.A. honor comesbefore victory B. playersare superior to coachesC. refereeshave to watch each shot D. players usually dowhatever it takes to win27. What can be learned from the underlinedsentence in Paragraph 7? A. One should be praised fornot robbing a bank.B. Bobby lookeddown upon those criminals.C. Little didBobby care about the penalty.D. Observingrules demands no praise.28. Why did Zach count his clubs four times before the followingtournament?A. He feltstressful. B. He was forgetful.C. Heremembered the lesson. D. He lacked self-confidence. CSome years ago,three brothers left the farm to work in the city. They were all hired by thesame company and on the same pay. Three years later, Jim was being paid 500 a month, Frank was receiving 1000, but George was making 1500. Their father wasconfused and decided to visit the employer. After listening to the father, theemployer said, “I will let the boys explain for themselves.” Jim was called to theoffice and was told, “Jim, I learn the Far East Importers has just brought in alarge transport plane loaded with Japanese import goods. Will you please goover to the airport and get a cargo inventory(运货清单)?” Three minutes later, Jimreturned to the office. “The cargo was one thousand bolts(卷) of Japanese silk,” Jimreported. “I got the information over the telephone from a member of the crew.” When Jim left, Frank,the 1000 a month brother, was called in. An hour later, Frank wasback in the office with a list showing that the plane carried 1000 bolts ofJapanese silk, 500 transistor radios(晶体管收音机), and 1000 hand painted bamboo plates. George, the 1500 a month brother, was given the same instructions. Working hours were over when he finally returned. “The transport plane carried one thousand bolts of Japanese silk,”he began. “It was on sale at sixty dollars a bolt, so I took a two-day choiceon the whole lot. I have telegrammed a designer in New York offering the silkat seventy-five dollars a bolt. I expect to have the order tomorrow. I alsofound five hundred transistor radios, which I sold over the telephone at aprofit of 2.30 each. There were a thousand bamboo plates, but they were ofpoor quality, so I didn’t try to do anything with them.” When George left theoffice, the employer smiled. “You see,” he said, “the future is full of promisefor one who shows initiative.”29. The best title of this passage is______.A. The story ofthree brothers B.The importance of doing market researchC. A businessdeal D.A clever employer30. According to George, how much money didhe expect to get for his company?A. 1,150 B.61,150 C. 16,150 D. 76,15031. According to the passage, which of thefollowing best explains the meaning of the underlined word “initiative”?A. Doing a lot of extra work without complainingB. Having patience in difficult situations without giving in C. Having the sense of marketing andeconomics D. Making decisions and take actionactively without being told to DIt’s a littleunderstood, but surprisingly common condition which women from all walks oflife are suffering from—Asker’s Syndrome. The main symptom of Asker’s Syndromeis that you’re unable to ask for what you want. I took notice of Asker’sSyndrome during a recent visit from my mother and mother-in-law. Both of themare unable to express something as simple as what they would like for dinner. Forexample, asking my mum which frozen meal she would like goes something likethis: Me: Which dinner do youwant? Her: You choose. Me: No. You choose,you’re the one who’s going to eat it. Her: Whicheverone you don’t want. Me: Mum!!! Her: Justopen the fridge and the first one you pull out will do. Similarly, when I asked mymother-in-law to select which meals she’d like me to order from thehome-delivery she would like and she said, “I’ll just have whichever one isleft over.” This goes way beyondpoliteness. After pushing both of them at length to state a preference—andfailing—it would seem that they are actually incapable of voicing what theywant. And it’s not just older womenwho have a “this is good enough for me” attitude. A friend who works inmarketing told me about a focus group she ran with thirty-something women. Theywere only able to express their preferences through their children or partner.Rather than saying what they liked, they would answer “My son would like this,”or “My husband would enjoy that.” Asker’s Syndrome can strikeyoung. At five years old my daughter Violet is showing the early stages ofAsker’s Syndrome. She’s learned that women don’t ask, but rather drop hints. She’ll say, “Mummy I saw yoghurt in the fridge,” rather than, “Can Ihave a yoghurt please?” or “Remember last Sunday afternoon we went to thepark?” rather than “Can we go to the park?” It’s widely documentedthat women are less likely than men to ask for pay rises and promotions.Instead they work hard without complaints, hoping that somebody else willdecide they are worthy and give them an award. No doubt, many womendevelop Asker’s Syndrome as a defensive measure because they’ve been labeled aspushy or rude for simply asking for what they want. But in the long term,preventing our ability to express our desires doesn’t serve us well. It’s time to cureourselves and our girls of Asker’s Syndrome. For women in our culture, askingis a skill that we need to learn and practice. And if we all do it, then womenasking will become the standard of proper behavior rather than the exception.32. According to the example of the twomothers, the author wants to indicate that______. A. older women care more about theirchildren’s opinion B. older womenare afraid that their choices are out of date C. older women aretoo pushy to voice what they want D. older womenare suffering from Asker’s Syndrome 33. The underlinedphrase “drop hint” probably means “_____” according to the passage. A. express oneselfindirectly B. leave a message C. ask foradvice D. tell a white lie34. Which of thefollowing statements is true according to the text? A. The authorpersuaded her two mothers to express their preference. B. Older womensuffer more from Asker’s Syndrome than young ones. C. Many womenfeel it impolite to ask for what they want. D. Women get promoted as long as they work hard.35. What does theauthor mainly intend to tell us? A. All goodthings come to those who wait. B. Ask for whatyou want if you deserve it. C. It’s badmanners to express your idea directly. D. However old you are, women shouldbe confident.

21第一节(共15题；每小题2分，满分30分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。                     

                                     A

Toast (土司), perfume and washing powder are the smells most likely to hit you when you walk through the door of your home, according to a new study.

Researchers have identified(确认) the whiffs which they claim make a house a home, with washing powder making up 34 percent. Freshly made toast accounts for another 22 percent, while perfume makes up 17 percent. Other smells which will typically hit you as you step through front doors around Britain include last night’s dinner (10 percent), flowers (12 percent), coffee (5 percent) and pets.

Seven percent of Britons—around 1.5 million—claim that a unique smell is what makes their house a home, above the furniture or decoration. Half admit the smell of home makes them feel safe and warm, while it leaves one in 10 feeling worried or upset. A third of people have tried to recreate a certain smell to make them feel more at home. A further third have put off buying a property because of how it smells and three quarters believe you can find out a great deal about a person from the smell of their home. Four in 10 people have avoided visiting someone because of the smell of their home.

The study also found that one in five people love the smell of their home so much they want to bottle it and take it with them. Three in 10 wish they could have smells of their own home while on holiday. A further two in 5 would like to smell their living room while out shopping as the smell of home makes a third feel relaxed and stress-free.

Professor Tim Jacob, an expert in the psychology of smell, said, “Smells make a house a home because of the positive associations being ‘home’ has. Your home is filled with the things you love—your children, partner, perfume, pets—so when you smell them, you instantly feel better and at ease.  

People respond(反应) well to familiar smells. Those which are alien(陌生的) make us feel on edge until we’ve identified the source and assessed that it’s not harmful.

21. According to the passage, all the following make up the smell of a home EXCEPT ______.  

A. toast                          B. perfume                   C. coffee               D. partner

22. The underlined word “whiffs” is closest to “_________” in meaning.

   A. scenes                        B. smells                      C. emotions           D. senses

23. Paragraph 3 mainly tells us that ______.

   A. people are influenced greatly by smells            B. smells shape one’s personality

   C. smells influence one’s purchase                    D. smells make one’s house unique

24. Which of the following statements is NOT true?

   A. Professor Tim is convinced that smells of home are connected with the beloved.

   B. All the Britons don’t admit that the smell of home makes them at ease.

   C. Freshly-made toast makes up the largest percent of home smells.

D. We don’t feel safe unless we confirm the origin of some unfamiliar smells.

B

No one else knew about the extra club in Zach Nash’s golf bag. It belonged to a friend, and Zach forgot it was there as he played his way to victory in a junior tournament(锦标赛)this summer in Wisconsin, US.

The 14-year-old accepted his medal, celebrated with grandparents who had come from a long way to watch. But when he stopped by his country club to share the news, a professional player noticed something wrong. “Count your clubs,” he told the teenager.

Fifteen—one more than allowed. Zach’s eyes filled with tears.

If Zach had just won a basketball championship or a soccer game and someone had discovered a violation after the win, it would not have mattered. It is nothing unusual for a soccer player to dive to the turf to draw fouls(假摔以使对方犯规).

Golf is different. In a win-at-all-costs world, the game holds itself to a higher standard. Golf isn’t a game where referees watch closely. In golf tournaments, dozens of competitors are spread across acres of land, so officials cannot hope to see each shot. Competitors call penalties(处罚)on themselves.

 “It was a sport for gentlemen, and gentlemen did not care about winning. They care about doing the right thing,” said Robert Simon, a golf coach at Hamilton College in New York.

Honesty became a medal of honor. When one of the game’s early stars, Bobby Jones, was praised for calling a penalty on himself at the 1925 US Open, he replied: “You might as well praise a man for not robbing a bank.”

So even the error had no effect on Zach’s final score—he has never used the extra club. The teenager packed up his medal and dropped it in the mail. “But this was golf, and rules are rules. I just knew what I had to do,” he said.   

   Then came another tournament. Before teeing off(开球), Zach counted his clubs—four times.

25. What can we infer from the text?

   A. A friend put an extra club in Zach’s bag secretly.

   B. Breaking the rules has become acceptable in some sports.

   C. Zach’s grandparents discouraged him from calling a penalty.

   D. Zach regretted sharing the news with the professional player.

26. According to Robert, golf is different from other sports in that ______.

A. honor comes before victory          B. players are superior to coaches

C. referees have to watch each shot      D. players usually do whatever it takes to win

27. What can be learned from the underlined sentence in Paragraph 7?

   A. One should be praised for not robbing a bank.

B. Bobby looked down upon those criminals.

C. Little did Bobby care about the penalty.

D. Observing rules demands no praise.

28. Why did Zach count his clubs four times before the following tournament?

A. He felt stressful.                        B. He was forgetful.

C. He remembered the lesson.               D. He lacked self-confidence.

                                  C

Some years ago, three brothers left the farm to work in the city. They were all hired by the same company and on the same pay. Three years later, Jim was being paid $500 a month, Frank was receiving $1000, but George was making $1500.

    Their father was confused and decided to visit the employer. After listening to the father, the employer said, “I will let the boys explain for themselves.”

    Jim was called to the office and was told, “Jim, I learn the Far East Importers has just brought in a large transport plane loaded with Japanese import goods. Will you please go over to the airport and get a cargo inventory(运货清单)?”

    Three minutes later, Jim returned to the office. “The cargo was one thousand bolts(卷) of Japanese silk,” Jim reported. “I got the information over the telephone from a member of the crew.”

    When Jim left, Frank, the $1000 a month brother, was called in. 

    An hour later, Frank was back in the office with a list showing that the plane carried 1000 bolts of Japanese silk, 500 transistor radios(晶体管收音机), and 1000 hand painted bamboo plates.

    George, the $1500 a month brother, was given the same instructions. Working hours were over when he finally returned. “The transport plane carried one thousand bolts of Japanese silk,” he began. “It was on sale at sixty dollars a bolt, so I took a two-day choice on the whole lot. I have telegrammed a designer in New York offering the silk at seventy-five dollars a bolt. I expect to have the order tomorrow. I also found five hundred transistor radios, which I sold over the telephone at a profit of $2.30 each. There were a thousand bamboo plates, but they were of poor quality, so I didn’t try to do anything with them.”

    When George left the office, the employer smiled. “You see,” he said, “the future is full of promise for one who shows initiative.”

29. The best title of this passage is ______.

A. The story of three brothers                       B. The importance of doing market research

C. A business deal                                       D. A clever employer

30. According to George, how much money did he expect to get for his company?

A. $1,150                B. $61,150                   C. $16,150                   D. $76,150

31. According to the passage, which of the following best explains the meaning of the underlined word “initiative”?

A. Doing a lot of extra work without complaining

B. Having patience in difficult situations without giving in

     C. Having the sense of marketing and economics  

     D. Making decisions and take action actively without being told to

                                  D

It’s a little understood, but surprisingly common condition which women from all walks of life are suffering from—Asker’s Syndrome. The main symptom of Asker’s Syndrome is that you’re unable to ask for what you want.

   I took notice of Asker’s Syndrome during a recent visit from my mother and mother-in-law. Both of them are unable to express something as simple as what they would like for dinner. For example, asking my mum which frozen meal she would like goes something like this:

     Me: Which dinner do you want?

    Her: You choose.

     Me: No. You choose, you’re the one who’s going to eat it.

      Her: Whichever one you don’t want.

      Me: Mum!!!

      Her: Just open the fridge and the first one you pull out will do.

   Similarly, when I asked my mother-in-law to select which meals she’d like me to order from the home-delivery she would like and she said, “I’ll just have whichever one is left over.”

   This goes way beyond politeness. After pushing both of them at length to state a preference—and failing—it would seem that they are actually incapable of voicing what they want.

   And it’s not just older women who have a “this is good enough for me” attitude. A friend who works in marketing told me about a focus group she ran with thirty-something women. They were only able to express their preferences through their children or partner. Rather than saying what they liked, they would answer “My son would like this,” or “My husband would enjoy that.”

   Asker’s Syndrome can strike young. At five years old my daughter Violet is showing the early stages of Asker’s Syndrome. She’s learned that women don’t ask, but rather drop hints.  She’ll say, “Mummy I saw yoghurt in the fridge,” rather than, “Can I have a yoghurt please?” or “Remember last Sunday afternoon we went to the park?” rather than “Can we go to the park?”

    It’s widely documented that women are less likely than men to ask for pay rises and promotions. Instead they work hard without complaints, hoping that somebody else will decide they are worthy and give them an award.

    No doubt, many women develop Asker’s Syndrome as a defensive measure because they’ve been labeled as pushy or rude for simply asking for what they want. But in the long term, preventing our ability to express our desires doesn’t serve us well.

    It’s time to cure ourselves and our girls of Asker’s Syndrome. For women in our culture, asking is a skill that we need to learn and practice. And if we all do it, then women asking will become the standard of proper behavior rather than the exception.

32. According to the example of the two mothers, the author wants to indicate that______.

  A. older women care more about their children’s opinion

  B. older women are afraid that their choices are out of date

  C. older women are too pushy to voice what they want

  D. older women are suffering from Asker’s Syndrome

33. The underlined phrase “drop hint” probably means “_____” according to the passage.

  A. express oneself indirectly   B. leave a message   C. ask for advice    D. tell a white lie

34. Which of the following statements is true according to the text?

  A. The author persuaded her two mothers to express their preference.

  B. Older women suffer more from Asker’s Syndrome than young ones.

  C. Many women feel it impolite to ask for what they want.

D. Women get promoted as long as they work hard.

35. What does the author mainly intend to tell us?

  A. All good things come to those who wait.

  B. Ask for what you want if you deserve it.

  C. It’s bad manners to express your idea directly.

  D. However old you are, women should be confident.