People with an impulsive(冲动的) personality refer to those who tend to do things without considering the possible dangers or problems first. According to a new study by researchers at the University of Georgia, such people may be more likely to have food addiction. The study found that people exhibiting impulsive behavior weren’t necessarily overweight, but impulsiveness was related to a direct relationship with food, and therefore, less healthy weight. Food addiction has been compared to addictive drug use. Studies have linked the dopamine (多巴胺) release that occurs after tasting delicious food to the dopamine release that happens when people consume other addictive substances. Impulsive behavior involves several personality traits (特点). Two of these traits, known as negative urgency and lack of perseverance, were particularly associated with food addiction and high BMI (身体质量指数) during the study. Negative urgency is characterized by the tendency to behave impulsively when experiencing negative emotions. Some people might drink alcohol or take drugs. For others, it could mean eating to feel better. Lack of perseverance is when a person has a hard time finishing hard or boring tasks. People with a lack of perseverance might have difficulty attempting to change addictive eating behavior, which could also cause obesity. “Impulsiveness might be one reason why some people eat in an addictive way despite motivation to lose weight,” said Dr. Ashley Gearhardt, a clinical psychologist. He was involved in developing the Yale Food Addiction Scale in aid of those people. “We are theorizing that if food addiction is really a thing, then our measure, the Yale Food Addiction Scale, should be related to helping control impulsive action,” said Gearhardt. Clinical psychologist Dr. James MacKillop, whose lab was conducting the study, believes that therapies（治疗，疗法）used to treat addictive drug behavior could help people who suffer from addictive eating habits. “Most of the programs for weight loss at this point focus on the most obvious things, which are clearly diet and exercise,” MacKillop said. “It seems that managing strong desires to eat would naturally fit in with the skills a person would need to eat healthily.”【小题1】According to Paragraph 1, the result of food addiction is ________. A．taking alcohol or drugs B．motivation to lose weight C．negative emotions D．less healthy weight 【小题2】How does the author introduce the two personality traits in Paragraph 4? A．By making comparisons and conclusions. B．By explaining causes and effects. C．By giving definitions and examples. D．By presenting questions and answers. 【小题3】What can be inferred about the Yale Food Addiction Scale from the text? A．It has been successfully carried out among overweight people. B．It might help some impulsive people with food addiction to lose weight. C．It will prove whether food addiction is a problem to impulsive people. D．It is theoretically a proper treatment for addictive food and drug behavior. 【小题4】Which of the following can be the best title for the text? A．Impulsive personality linked to food addition B．Food addiction compared to drug use C．Dopamine release caused by food addiction D．Food addiction contributing to obesity
People with an impulsive(冲动的) personality refer to those who tend to do things without considering the possible dangers or problems first. According to a new study by researchers at the University of Georgia, such people may be more likely to have food addiction. The study found that people exhibiting impulsive behavior weren’t necessarily overweight, but impulsiveness was related to a direct relationship with food, and therefore, less healthy weight.
Food addiction has been compared to addictive drug use. Studies have linked the dopamine (多巴胺) release that occurs after tasting delicious food to the dopamine release that happens when people consume other addictive substances.
Impulsive behavior involves several personality traits (特点). Two of these traits, known as negative urgency and lack of perseverance, were particularly associated with food addiction and high BMI (身体质量指数) during the study.
Negative urgency is characterized by the tendency to behave impulsively when experiencing negative emotions. Some people might drink alcohol or take drugs. For others, it could mean eating to feel better. Lack of perseverance is when a person has a hard time finishing hard or boring tasks. People with a lack of perseverance might have difficulty attempting to change addictive eating behavior, which could also cause obesity.
“Impulsiveness might be one reason why some people eat in an addictive way despite motivation to lose weight,” said Dr. Ashley Gearhardt, a clinical psychologist. He was involved in developing the Yale Food Addiction Scale in aid of those people. “We are theorizing that if food addiction is really a thing, then our measure, the Yale Food Addiction Scale, should be related to helping control impulsive action,” said Gearhardt.
Clinical psychologist Dr. James MacKillop, whose lab was conducting the study, believes that therapies（治疗，疗法）used to treat addictive drug behavior could help people who suffer from addictive eating habits.
“Most of the programs for weight loss at this point focus on the most obvious things, which are clearly diet and exercise,” MacKillop said. “It seems that managing strong desires to eat would naturally fit in with the skills a person would need to eat healthily.”
【小题1】According to Paragraph 1, the result of food addiction is ________.| A．taking alcohol or drugs | B．motivation to lose weight |
| C．negative emotions | D．less healthy weight |
| A．By making comparisons and conclusions. |
| B．By explaining causes and effects. |
| C．By giving definitions and examples. |
| D．By presenting questions and answers. |
| A．It has been successfully carried out among overweight people. |
| B．It might help some impulsive people with food addiction to lose weight. |
| C．It will prove whether food addiction is a problem to impulsive people. |
| D．It is theoretically a proper treatment for addictive food and drug behavior. |
| A．Impulsive personality linked to food addition |
| B．Food addiction compared to drug use |
| C．Dopamine release caused by food addiction |
| D．Food addiction contributing to obesity |
题目解答
答案
【小题1】D
【小题2】C
【小题3】B
【小题4】A
解析
- 【小题1】：考查对段落核心信息的提取能力，需抓住第一段中“food addiction”与“less healthy weight”之间的直接关系。
- 【小题2】：考查对说明方法的判断，需关注第四段中对“negative urgency”和“lack of perseverance”两个概念的定义与举例。
- 【小题3】：考查对隐含信息的推理能力，需结合“Yale Food Addiction Scale”的研发目的与文中提到的“control impulsive action”推断其作用。
- 【小题4】：考查对文章主旨的概括能力，需从全文核心观点“impulsive personality与food addiction的关联”入手。
【小题1】
定位关键句
第一段末句明确指出：“impulsiveness was related to a direct relationship with food, and therefore, less healthy weight.”
推理结果
“less healthy weight”是食物成瘾的直接结果，对应选项D。
【小题2】
分析说明方法
第四段中：
- 定义：对“negative urgency”定义为“行为冲动的倾向（当体验到消极情绪时）”，对“lack of perseverance”定义为“难以完成困难或无聊的任务”。
- 举例：前者举例“通过进食获得安慰”，后者说明“难以改变成瘾性饮食行为”。
【小题3】
关联上下文
- Gearhardt提到“Yale Food Addiction Scale”旨在帮助控制冲动行为（“helping control impulsive action”）。
- 结合文章主旨（冲动性格导致食物成瘾），可推断该量表可能帮助冲动型人群控制饮食成瘾，从而辅助减肥。
【小题4】
比较选项
- A直接对应文章首句“impulsive personality may be more likely to have food addiction”，概括全文核心。
- B/D仅涉及部分细节（食物成瘾与药物成瘾的类比、肥胖问题），C未提及文章重点（冲动性格）。