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At first sight, the fate of threatened species might seem apart from the economy. However, upon a little examination, we will understand the connections between the two. The "good health" of natural systems is a precondition for the "good health" of our social and economic systems. Can one say that a society is thriving when it is exposed to air and water pollution and endures related health problems? Equally, can a society "function" if a large proportion is unemployed or cannot make ends meet? What is the purpose of the first paragraph? A To highlight the importance of healthy social and economic systems. B To clear a misunderstanding about the fate of endangered species. C To illustrate how air and water pollution can cause health problems. D To reveal the connections between natural systems and the economy.

At first sight, the fate of threatened species might seem apart from the economy. However, upon a little examination, we will understand the connections between the two. The "good health" of natural systems is a precondition for the "good health" of our social and economic systems. Can one say that a society is thriving when it is exposed to air and water pollution and endures related health problems? Equally, can a society "function" if a large proportion is unemployed or cannot make ends meet?

What is the purpose of the first paragraph?

A To highlight the importance of healthy social and economic systems.

B To clear a misunderstanding about the fate of endangered species.

C To illustrate how air and water pollution can cause health problems.

D To reveal the connections between natural systems and the economy.

题目解答

答案

### 解析 这段文字的目的是揭示自然系统与经济系统之间的联系。作者首先指出,乍一看,受威胁物种的命运似乎与经济无关。然而,经过仔细考察,我们可以理解两者之间的联系。接着,作者通过两个反问句来强调自然系统的“健康”是社会和经济系统“健康”的前提条件。这两个反问句分别是: 1. 当社会暴露在空气和水污染中并承受相关健康问题时,能否说社会是繁荣的? 2. 当社会中很大一部分人失业或无法维持生计时,社会能否“运作”? 通过这些反问句,作者进一步强调了自然系统与社会经济系统之间的密切关系。 ### 选项分析 - **A. To highlight the importance of healthy social and economic systems.** - 这个选项部分正确,但不完全准确。虽然文章提到了社会和经济系统的健康,但主要目的是揭示自然系统与经济系统之间的联系,而不是单纯强调社会和经济系统的健康。 - **B. To clear a misunderstanding about the fate of endangered species.** - 这个选项不准确。文章并没有专门讨论受威胁物种的命运,而是通过这一点引出自然系统与经济系统之间的联系。 - **C. To illustrate how air and water pollution can cause health problems.** - 这个选项不准确。虽然文章提到了空气和水污染会导致健康问题,但这只是用来支持主要论点的一个例子,而不是文章的主要目的。 - **D. To reveal the connections between natural systems and the economy.** - 这个选项最准确。文章的主要目的是揭示自然系统与经济系统之间的联系,通过反问句和例子来强调这一点。 ### 答案 **D. To reveal the connections between natural systems and the economy.**

解析

考查要点:本题考查学生对段落写作目的的判断能力,需要结合文章内容和修辞手法,理解作者的意图。

解题核心思路:

  1. 明确段落主旨:段落通过对比和反问,强调自然系统与经济、社会系统的关联。
  2. 抓住关键句:首句提出“自然系统与经济看似无关,实则相连”,后文通过反问句强化这一观点。
  3. 排除干扰项:需区分“强调经济健康”与“揭示两者联系”的差异。

破题关键:

  • 反问句的作用:通过反问引导读者思考自然系统受损对社会经济的影响,突出联系。
  • 段落结构:从“表面无关”到“实际相连”,层层递进,最终揭示核心关系。

选项分析

选项A

“强调健康的社会经济系统的重要性”

  • 错误原因:段落确实提到社会经济的“健康”,但其目的是通过反面例子(污染、失业)说明自然系统是经济健康的基础,而非单纯强调经济本身。

选项B

“澄清濒危物种命运的误解”

  • 错误原因:段落仅用“濒危物种”引出话题,重点不在解释其命运,而是通过此现象引出自然与经济的联系。

选项C

“说明污染如何导致健康问题”

  • 错误原因:污染和健康问题仅作为反问句中的论据,目的是支持“自然系统受损影响经济”,而非单独讨论污染的危害。

选项D

“揭示自然系统与经济的联系”

  • 正确原因:
    1. 首句点题:明确指出“自然系统是经济健康的前提”。
    2. 反问强化:通过反问句说明自然系统受损(污染、失业)会导致经济无法正常运作。
    3. 逻辑连贯:段落从现象到本质,层层递进,最终揭示两者关系。

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