Preventing Child Maltreatment Child maltreatment is a global problem with serious life-long consequences. There are no reliable global estimates for the prevalence of child maltreatment. Data for many countries especially low-and-middle-income countries, are lacking. Child maltreatment is complex and difficult to study. Current estimates vary widely depending on the country and the method of research used. Nonetheless, international studies reveal that approximately 20 % of women and 5-10 % of men report being sexually abused as children. While 25-50 % of all children report being physically abused. Additionally, many children are subject to emotional abuse (sometimes referred to as psychological abuse). Every year, there are an estimated 31,000 homicide deaths in children under 15. This number underestimates the true extent of the problem, as a significant proportion of deaths due to child maltreatment are incorrectly attributed to falls, bums and drowning. Child maltreatment causes suffering to children and families and can have long-term consequences. Maltreatment causes stress that is associated with disruption in early brain development. Extreme stress can impair the development of the nervous and immune systems. Consequently, as adults, maltreated children are at increased risk for behavioral, physical and mental health problem. Via the behavioral and mental health consequences, maltreatment can contribute to heart disease, cancer, suicide and sexually transmitted infections. Beyond the health consequences of child maltreatment, there is an economic impact, including cost of hospitalization, mental health treatment, child welfare, and longer-term health cost. A number of risk factor for child maltreatment have been identified. These risk factors are not present in all social and cultural contexts, but provide an overview when attempting to understand the causes of child maltreatment. It is important to emphasize that children are the victims and are never to blame for maltreatment. A number of characteristics of an individual child may increase the likelihood of being maltreated, such as being either under four years old or an adolescent, being unwanted, or failing to fulfill the expectations of parents and having special need, crying persistently or having abnormal physical featuresMany homicide deaths in children under 15 are wrongly categorized into the following types EXCEPT______according to the passage. A．drowning in swimmingB．diarrheaC．bumsD．falls
Preventing Child Maltreatment Child maltreatment is a global problem with serious life-long consequences. There are no reliable global estimates for the prevalence of child maltreatment. Data for many countries especially low-and-middle-income countries, are lacking. Child maltreatment is complex and difficult to study. Current estimates vary widely depending on the country and the method of research used. Nonetheless, international studies reveal that approximately 20 % of women and 5-10 % of men report being sexually abused as children. While 25-50 % of all children report being physically abused. Additionally, many children are subject to emotional abuse (sometimes referred to as psychological abuse). Every year, there are an estimated 31,000 homicide deaths in children under 15. This number underestimates the true extent of the problem, as a significant proportion of deaths due to child maltreatment are incorrectly attributed to falls, bums and drowning. Child maltreatment causes suffering to children and families and can have long-term consequences. Maltreatment causes stress that is associated with disruption in early brain development. Extreme stress can impair the development of the nervous and immune systems. Consequently, as adults, maltreated children are at increased risk for behavioral, physical and mental health problem. Via the behavioral and mental health consequences, maltreatment can contribute to heart disease, cancer, suicide and sexually transmitted infections. Beyond the health consequences of child maltreatment, there is an economic impact, including cost of hospitalization, mental health treatment, child welfare, and longer-term health cost. A number of risk factor for child maltreatment have been identified. These risk factors are not present in all social and cultural contexts, but provide an overview when attempting to understand the causes of child maltreatment. It is important to emphasize that children are the victims and are never to blame for maltreatment. A number of characteristics of an individual child may increase the likelihood of being maltreated, such as being either under four years old or an adolescent, being unwanted, or failing to fulfill the expectations of parents and having special need, crying persistently or having abnormal physical featuresMany homicide deaths in children under 15 are wrongly categorized into the following types EXCEPT______according to the passage. A．drowning in swimmingB．diarrheaC．bumsD．falls
题目解答
答案
B
解析
根据文章内容，每年有大约31,000名15岁以下的儿童死于谋杀。然而，这个数字低估了问题的真正程度，因为许多由于儿童虐待导致的死亡被错误地归类为跌落、烧伤和溺水。
步骤 2：分析选项
A. 溺水：文章提到溺水是错误归类的类型之一。
B. 腹泻：文章中没有提到腹泻作为错误归类的类型。
C. 烧伤：文章提到烧伤是错误归类的类型之一。
D. 跌落：文章提到跌落是错误归类的类型之一。
步骤 3：确定答案
根据文章内容，腹泻不是被错误归类的类型之一。