词汇积累教材原文课文译文A Journey of Discovery发现之旅①captain n.船长,队长The captain of the ship, the Beagle, wanted贝格尔号的船长需要② distant /'dIstant/ adj.遥someone who would “profit by the opportunity of一个人,他能“获得一个访远的visiting distant countries yet little known"[1].问遥远且至今鲜为人知的③answer the call响应号召The person who answered the call③ was not the国家的机会”。响应号召④medical school医学院⑤what's more而且captain's first choice. It was a young man who had的人不是船长的首选。这⑥ disgrace /dIs'greIs/n.丢left medical school without completing his degree.是一个没有完成学位就离脸,耻辱What's more, he had recently received a letter开了医学院的年轻人。而be a disgrace是耻辱,是丢脸from his father predicting that he would be “a且,这位年轻人最近收到的事disgrace to yourself and all your family"[2].了父亲的一封信,信中预⑦despite prep.尽管Despite all this, his adventures on this ship言他将是“自己和全家的⑧adventure n.冒险would lead to one of the most important scientific耻辱”。尽管如此,他在这⑨lead to导致discoveries of all time.艘船上的冒险将带来有史[1]who引导的定语从句修饰先行词 someone。以来最重要的科学发现[2]句中 predicting that..为现在分词短语作后置之一。定语,修饰名词 a letter，that后为宾语从句。这位被提及的年轻人⑩in question被提及的;讨论The young man in question, Charles就是查尔斯·达尔文,他中的①geologist /d3i'plad3Ist/Darwin, was a geologist and naturalist,是一位地质学家和博物学n.地质学家fascinated by rocks, plants and animals. He left家,对岩石、植物和动物着⑩fascinate v.迷住England on the ship, the Beagle, in 1831. The迷。1831年,他乘贝格尔③living things生物journey gave him the chance to study various living号离开英国。这次旅行使be crowded with 挤满……;things in their natural environments. After他有机会研究自然环境中充满……Darwin had spent some time in South America, his的各种生物。达尔文在南⑤sample /'sa:mp(a)l/n.样本美洲待了一段时间后,他⑥come to exist开始产生room on the ship was crowded with samples ofthe plants and animals he had collected.[3] As he在船上的房间里挤满了他studied these, he asked himself the question: how收集的动植物样本。当他did different species come to exist?研究这些样本的时候,他[3]句中 After.. South America 为时间状语从句问了自己一个问题:不同主句中 he had collected 为省略了关系代词的定语物种是如何产生的?从句,修饰先行词samples。当时,人们认为地球At that time, people believed that all species上所有的物种都是同时出had appeared on Earth at the same time[4], and现的,而且从那时起就没⑦at the same time同时had not changed since. But Darwin began to think有改变过。但达尔文开始⑧be similar to和……相似differently. He noticed that some species of有不同的想法。他注意evolve /I'vplv/v.进化animals were very similar to each other. Maybe到,有些动物彼此非常相inspire sb. to do..animals evolved as they adapted to their changing似。也许动物是随着适应激励某人做……environments[5]? It was just an idea, but enough环境的变化而进化的？这to inspire Darwin to look for@ more evidence.只是一个想法,但足以激4]that引导宾语从句。励达尔文去寻找更多的[5]as引导时间状语从句证据。续表词汇积累教材原文课文译文a variety of各种各When the Beagle reached the Galapagos Islands in1835年,当贝格尔号样的1835, Darwin saw a variety of new species, but it was到达加拉帕戈斯群岛时,②finch /fintj/n.雀科the birds that interested him the most[6]. Darwin达尔文看到了许多新物鸣禽noticed that there was a difference between the finches②种,但最令他感兴趣的是beak /bi:k/ n.鸟鸟类。达尔文注意到每一on each of the islands. It seemed their beakso had嘴,喙个岛上的雀科鸣禽都有区according to根据evolved according to@ what food was available on that别。它们的喙似乎是根据Savailable adj.可获得particular island.[7]特定岛上的可得到的食物的;可找到的;有空的[6]本句为强调句型,强调句子的主语 the birds。进化而来的。7]seemed后为省略 that的表语从句,what引导宾语从达尔文怀疑这些雀科句作according to的宾语。鸣禽是从一个共同的祖先suspect /sa'spekt/Darwin suspected that the finches had evolved进化而来的,这个祖先很v.猜想,怀疑,觉得from a common ancestor, which had arrived on the久以前就来到了这片岛⑦over time随着时间的屿。随着时间的推移,它islands a long time before[8]. Over time@, it had推移慢慢进化成许多新物种。slowly evolved into many new species. And that was thethe answer to.. 这就是植物和动物新物种的答案answer to how new species of plants and animals came如何产生的答案:它们是ancestor/'aensasta/to exist: they evolved from earlier ancestors从早期的祖先进化而n.(动物的)原种,祖先8]which引导的非限制性定语从句修饰先行词a来的。common ancestor这是一个全新的概It was a completely new idea - a theory of念——进化论。达尔文在③evolution /i:va'lu:f(a)n/evolution. Darwin explained this theory in his book,《物种起源》一书中解释了n.进化(论)这一理论。这本书直到On the Origin of Species. It was not published until③convincing adj.令人1859年才出版,并立即引1859 and immediately caused a storm. Many people信服的起了轰动。许多人拒绝相refused to believe that living things, including humans,信包括人类在内的生物是had evolved from lower forms of life[9]. They were从低级生命形式进化而来shocked. But Darwin's scientific studies were so的。他们很震惊。但是达convincing that more and more people started to尔文的科学研究是如此令believe his theory.[10]人信服,以至于越来越多9]that引导宾语从句。的人开始相信他的理论。今天,《物种起源》被[10]本句含有 so.. that..句型,that引导结果状语从句。be regarded as 被认认为是有史以来最重要的Today, On the Origin of Species is regarded as为是……著作之一。它彻底改变了one of the most important works ever written. It has③ begin with 以…人们对地球生命的看法。changed ideas about life on Earth forever. And it all开始而这一切都是从贝格尔号began with the journey on the Beagle.的旅程开始的。I.根据课文内容选择正确答案1. Who answered the call to visit distant but unknowncountries?A. The captain's first choice.B. A young man who had completed his degree ina medical school.C. A young man whose father was proud of him.D. A young man whose father thought badly of him.2. Which inspired Darwin most on the GaldpagosIslands?A. Rocks.B. Plants.C. Animals.D. Birds.3. Which statement is RIGHT according to the text?A. Darwin's father was angry with him about hisleaving medical school without completing hisdegree.B. When Darwin stayed in North America, hecollected many samples of the plants andanimals.C. The truth of how new species came to existhad nothing to do with evolution.D. The book On the Origin of Species didn'tcause a storm immediately after it waspublished.4. What's most people's original attitude towardsDarwin's theory of evolution?A. Favourable.B. Unacceptable.C. Uninterested.D. Neutral.5. What's the main idea of the passage?A. Darwin's interest in various living things madehim a great naturalist.B. Darwin went on a journey to confirm histheory that humans had evolved over time.C. Darwin's journey on the Beagle inspired hisTheory of Evolution.D. Darwin's road to success is rough.Ⅱ.选择正确选项填入空白处,补全所给句子提供的信息(其中有一项是多余的)A. After Darwin had spent some time in South AmericaB. As he studied theseC. as they adapted to their changing environmentsD. which had arrived on the islands a long time beforeE. that more and more people started to believehis theoryF. When the Beagle reached the Galapagos Islandsin 18351. But Darwin's scientific studies were so convincing2. Darwin suspected that the finches had evolvedfrom a common ancestor,3. Maybe animals evolved?4., he asked himself the question: howdid different species come to exist?5., his room on the ship was crowded withsamples of the plants and animals he had collected.Ⅲ.课文语法填空The captain wanted a person to visit distantcountries yet little known. Darwin answered the callbut he was not the captain's 1.(one)choice. Darwin left school without completing hisdegree,2.made his father very angry.Despite all this, his adventures would lead to one ofthe most important scientific 3.(discover)of all time. In 1831, he left England on the ship.4.(fascinate) by rocks, plants andanimals, he collected many samples of the plantsand animals and studied them, and then hepresented a question: how did different species cometo exist? Darwin's opinion didn't agree with manypeople's. He thought animals evolved as theyadapted 5.their changing environmentsbut he needed to look for more 6.(evident). On the Galapagos Islands, Darwinnoticed there was 7.difference betweenthe finches. 8.seemed that their beaks hadevolved according to what food was available on thatparticular island. He found the answer to how newspecies of plants and animals came to exist. Heexplained this theory in his book, On the Origin ofSpecies. His 9.(science)studies were so10.(convince) that more and more peoplestarted to believe his theory, which has changedideas about life on Earth forever.IⅣ.阅读升华1. What method did Darwin use to draw his conclusion?2. How do you think the human species will evolvein the future?