题目
题干:从下列各句后的四个选项(A、B、C、D)中选出一个能填入句中空白处的最佳选项:He would have given you more help, if he ___ so busy.A. not have beenB. not had beenC. have not beenD. had not been
题干:从下列各句后的四个选项(A、B、C、D)中选出一个能填入句中空白处的最佳选项:He would have given you more help, if he ___ so busy.
A. not have been
B. not had been
C. have not been
D. had not been
题目解答
答案
D. had not been
解析
本题考查虚拟语气中if引导的条件状语从句的用法。解题思路如下:
- 首先明确虚拟语气的概念,虚拟语气是一种特殊的动词形式,用来表示说话人的主观愿望、假设、怀疑、建议等,而不表示客观存在的事实。
- 对于if引导的虚拟条件句,当表示与过去事实相反的假设时,从句的谓语动词要用“had + 过去分词”的形式,主句的谓语动词要用“would/could/should/might + have + 过去分词”的形式。
- 分析题目中的句子“He would have given you more help, if he ___ so busy.”,主句“He would have given you more help”使用了“would + have + 过去分词”的结构,这表明是与过去事实相反的假设。
- 所以从句应该使用“had + 过去分词”的形式,即“had not been”。选项A“not have been”和选项C“have not been”的形式不符合虚拟语气中与过去事实相反的从句结构;选项B“not had been”缺少助动词“had”的正确形式,应该是“had not been”。