Water problems in the future will become more intense and more complex. Our increasing population will tremendously increase urban wastes, primarily sewage. On the other hand, increasing demands for water will decrease substantially the amount of water available for diluting wastes. Rapidly expanding industries which involve more and more complex chemical processes will produce larger volumes of liquid wastes, and many of these will contain chemicals which are noxious. To feed our rapidly expanding population, agriculture will have to be intensified. This will involve ever - increasing quantities of agricultural chemicals. From this, it is apparent that drastic steps must be taken immediately to develop corrective measures for the pollution problem. There are two ways by which this pollution problem can be dwindled(减少). The first relates to the treatment of wastes to decrease their pollution hazard . This involves the processing of solid wastes " prior to " disposal and the treatment of liquid wastes, or effluents, to permit the reuse of the water or minimize pollution upon final disposal . A second approach is to develop an economic use for all or a part of the wastes. Farm manure is spread in fields as a nutrient or organic supplement. Effluents from sewage disposal plants are used in some areas both for irrigation and for the nutrients contained. Effluents from other processing plants may also be used as a supplemental source of water. Many industries, such as meat and poultry processing plants, are currently converting former waste products into marketable byproducts. Other industries are potential economic uses for waste products. 1.The purpose of this passage is ________. A．to alert the reader to the dwindling water supply B．to explain industrial uses of water C．to acquaint the reader with water pollution problems D．to demonstrate various measures to solve the pollution problem 2.Which of the following points is NOT included in the passage? A．Industrial development includes the simplification of complex chemical processes. B．Diluting wastes needs certain amount of water. C．Demands for water will go up along with the expanding population . D．Intensive cultivation of land require more and more chemicals. 3.The reader can conclude that _________. A．countries of the world will work together on pollution problems B．byproducts from wastes lead to a more prosperous marketplace C．science is making great progress in increasing water supplies D．some industries are now making economic use of wastes 4.The author gives substance to the passage through the use of________. A．interviews with authorities in the field of water controls B．opinions and personal observations C．definitions which clarify important terms D．strong arguments and persuasions 5.The underlined words "prior to"(para. 2)probably man________. A．after B．during C．before D．beyond
Water problems in the future will become more intense and more complex. Our increasing population will tremendously increase urban wastes, primarily sewage. On the other hand, increasing demands for water will decrease substantially the amount of water available for diluting wastes. Rapidly expanding industries which involve more and more complex chemical processes will produce larger volumes of liquid wastes, and many of these will contain chemicals which are noxious. To feed our rapidly expanding population, agriculture will have to be intensified. This will involve ever - increasing quantities of agricultural chemicals. From this, it is apparent that drastic steps must be taken immediately to develop corrective measures for the pollution problem.
There are two ways by which this pollution problem can be dwindled(减少). The first relates to the treatment of wastes to decrease their pollution hazard . This involves the processing of solid wastes " prior to " disposal and the treatment of liquid wastes, or effluents, to permit the reuse of the water or minimize pollution upon final disposal .
A second approach is to develop an economic use for all or a part of the wastes. Farm manure is spread in fields as a nutrient or organic supplement. Effluents from sewage disposal plants are used in some areas both for irrigation and for the nutrients contained. Effluents from other processing plants may also be used as a supplemental source of water. Many industries, such as meat and poultry processing plants, are currently converting former waste products into marketable byproducts. Other industries are potential economic uses for waste products.
1.The purpose of this passage is ________.
A．to alert the reader to the dwindling water supply
B．to explain industrial uses of water
C．to acquaint the reader with water pollution problems
D．to demonstrate various measures to solve the pollution problem
2.Which of the following points is NOT included in the passage?
A．Industrial development includes the simplification of complex chemical processes.
B．Diluting wastes needs certain amount of water.
C．Demands for water will go up along with the expanding population .
D．Intensive cultivation of land require more and more chemicals.
3.The reader can conclude that _________.
A．countries of the world will work together on pollution problems
B．byproducts from wastes lead to a more prosperous marketplace
C．science is making great progress in increasing water supplies
D．some industries are now making economic use of wastes
4.The author gives substance to the passage through the use of________.
A．interviews with authorities in the field of water controls
B．opinions and personal observations
C．definitions which clarify important terms
D．strong arguments and persuasions
5.The underlined words "prior to"(para. 2)probably man________.
A．after B．during C．before D．beyond
题目解答
答案
【文章大意】文章介绍了当前日益严重的污染问题，并提出了作者关于治理污染问题的两个方法。
1【答案】C
【翻译】这篇文章的目的是——
A.提醒读者注意日益减少的供水;B.解释水的工业用途;.C.使读者了解水污染问题;D.示范各种解决污染问题的措施。
【解析】文中第一段”Water problems in the future will become more intense and more complex”(未来的水问题将变得更加严重和复杂。)点明了水污染的严重性，是文章主旨，A、B过于片面，D项文中并没有示范，只是提供了两条作者认为可减少污染的方法。故选C。
2【答案】A
【翻译】以下哪一点不包括在短文中?
A.工业发展包括简化复杂的化学过程;B.稀释废物需要一定量的水;C.随着人口的增加，对水的需求也会增加;D.土地的集约种植需要越来越多的化学物质。
【解析】文中“On the other hand, increasing demands for water will decrease substantially the amount of water available for diluting wastes”(另一方面，对水的需求增加将大大减少可用于稀释废物的水量)表明稀释废物需要水，与B选项对应；文中“Our increasing population will tremendously increase urban wastes, primarily sewage“(我们日益增长的人口将极大地增加城市废物，主要是污水)表明人口增加会对水的需求增加，产生更多污水，对应C项；文中” To feed our rapidly expanding population, agriculture will have to be intensified. This will involve ever - increasing quantities of agricultural chemicals“(为了养活我们迅速扩大的人口，必须加强农业。这将涉及越来越多的农用化学品)对应D选项，只有A选项无相关对应语句，故选A。
3【答案】D
【翻译】读者可以得出结论＿？
A．世界各国将共同努力解决污染问题；B．废弃物产生的副产品将使市场更加繁荣；C.科学在增加供水方面取得了很大进展;D.一些工业正在对废物进行经济利用。
【解析】A项、B项属无中生有，文中并没有如此言论；C项文中并未说是增加供水量，文中” to permit the reuse of the water or minimize pollution upon final disposal“(允许水的回用，或在最终处置时尽量减少污染)证明是增加水的回收使用，而不是增加供水；D项文中”Many industries, such as meat and poultry processing plants, are currently converting former waste products into marketable byproducts“(许多工业，如肉类和家禽加工厂，目前正在将以前的废物产品转化为可销售的副产品)与D项x相对应，故选D。
4【答案】B
【翻译】作者通过使用__来充实这篇文章的内容?
A.与水管制领域当局的访谈;B.意见和个人评论;C.澄清重要术语的定义；D.有力的论据和说服力。
【解析】文中第二段”There are two ways by which this pollution problem can be dwindled"(有两种方法可以减少这个污染问题)表明，作者用了两大段个人的意见及想法，来充实文章，故选B。
5【答案】C
【翻译】加下划线的单词”prior to“(第二段)大概意为______.
A.在⋯以后;B.在⋯期间;C.在⋯以前;D.迟于；超出；除⋯以外
【解析】prior to的意思为在...之前,下列选项中C选项与其意思一致，故选C。
解析
文章主要讨论了未来水问题的复杂性和严重性，以及解决水污染问题的两种方法。文章首先描述了水污染问题的背景，然后提出了两种解决方法：处理废物以减少污染危害和开发废物的经济用途。
步骤 2：分析问题1
问题1要求找出文章的目的。文章主要介绍了水污染问题的严重性，并提出了两种解决方法，因此文章的目的是使读者了解水污染问题。
步骤 3：分析问题2
问题2要求找出文章中未包含的点。文章提到了稀释废物需要水、人口增加对水的需求增加以及集约化农业需要更多化学物质，但没有提到工业发展包括简化复杂化学过程。
步骤 4：分析问题3
问题3要求读者得出结论。文章提到一些工业正在将废物转化为可销售的副产品，因此可以得出结论：一些工业正在对废物进行经济利用。
步骤 5：分析问题4
问题4要求找出作者如何充实文章内容。文章主要通过作者的意见和个人观察来充实内容。
步骤 6：分析问题5
问题5要求解释“prior to”的意思。根据上下文，“prior to”意为“在……之前”。