Today petroleum provides around 40% of the world's energy needs, mostly fuelling automobiles. Coal is still used, but it is the least efficient, unhealthiest and most environmentally damaging fossil fuel. Natural gas reserves could plug some of the gap from oil, but reserves of that will not last into the 22nd century either. We could fast reach an energy crisis. We need to rapidly develop sustainable solutions to fuel our future. Less-polluting renewable energy sources offer a more practical long-term energy solution. They may benefit the world's poor too. "Renewable" refers to the fact that these resources are not used faster than they can be replaced.The Chinese and Romans used watermills over 2,000 years ago. But the first hydroelectric dam was built in England in 1870. Hydroelectric power is now the most common form of renewable energy, supplying around 20% of world electricity. China's Three Gorges Dam, which has just been completed, is the largest ever. At five times the size of the US's Hoover Dam, its 26 turbines will generate the equivalent energy of 18 coal-fired power stations. It will satisfy 3% of China's entire electricity demand. Surprisingly, some argue that hydroelectric dams significantly contribute greenhouse gases.In 2003, the first commercial power station to harness tidal currents in the open sea opened in Norway. It is designed like a windmill, but others take the form of turbines.As prices fall, wind power has become the fastest growing type of electricity generation—quadrupling worldwide between 1999 and 2005. Modern wind farms consist of turbines that generate electricity. Though it will be more expensive, there is more than enough wind to provide the world's entire energy needs. Wind farms come in onshore and offshore forms. They can often end up at spots of natural beauty, and are often unpopular with residents.(1) What are the energy resources that are renewable according to the passage?A. Petroleum and coal.B. Natural gasC. Wind and waterD. A and B
Today petroleum provides around $40\%$ of the world's energy needs, mostly fuelling automobiles. Coal is still used, but it is the least efficient, unhealthiest and most environmentally damaging fossil fuel. Natural gas reserves could plug some of the gap from oil, but reserves of that will not last into the 22nd century either. We could fast reach an energy crisis. We need to rapidly develop sustainable solutions to fuel our future. Less-polluting renewable energy sources offer a more practical long-term energy solution. They may benefit the world's poor too. "Renewable" refers to the fact that these resources are not used faster than they can be replaced. The Chinese and Romans used watermills over $2,000$ years ago. But the first hydroelectric dam was built in England in 1870. Hydroelectric power is now the most common form of renewable energy, supplying around $20\%$ of world electricity. China's Three Gorges Dam, which has just been completed, is the largest ever. At five times the size of the US's Hoover Dam, its $26$ turbines will generate the equivalent energy of $18$ coal-fired power stations. It will satisfy $3\%$ of China's entire electricity demand. Surprisingly, some argue that hydroelectric dams significantly contribute greenhouse gases. In 2003, the first commercial power station to harness tidal currents in the open sea opened in Norway. It is designed like a windmill, but others take the form of turbines. As prices fall, wind power has become the fastest growing type of electricity generation—quadrupling worldwide between 1999 and 2005. Modern wind farms consist of turbines that generate electricity. Though it will be more expensive, there is more than enough wind to provide the world's entire energy needs. Wind farms come in onshore and offshore forms. They can often end up at spots of natural beauty, and are often unpopular with residents. (1) What are the energy resources that are renewable according to the passage? A. Petroleum and coal. B. Natural gas C. Wind and water D. A and B
题目解答
答案
解析
本题考查对文章中可再生能源相关信息的理解。解题思路是先明确可再生能源的定义，再从文章中找出符合该定义的能源类型，最后对各个选项进行分析判断。
- 首先，根据文章内容可知，“Renewable” refers to the fact that these resources are not used faster than they can be replaced，即可再生能源是指使用速度不超过其再生速度的资源。
- 接着，在文章中寻找符合可再生能源定义的能源：
- 文中提到“Hydroelectric power is now the most common form of renewable energy”，说明水力是可再生能源。
- 又提到“As prices fall, wind power has become the fastest growing type of electricity generation”，表明风能也是可再生能源。
- 还提到“the first commercial power station to harness tidal currents in the open sea opened in Norway”，说明潮汐能同样属于可再生能源。
- 然后，分析各个选项：
- 选项A：“Petroleum and coal”，文章明确指出“Coal is still used, but it is the least efficient, unhealthiest and most environmentally damaging fossil fuel”以及“Today petroleum provides around 40% of the world's energy needs”，石油和煤炭都属于化石燃料，不是可再生能源，所以选项A错误。
- 选项B：“Natural gas”，文中说“Natural gas reserves could plug some of the gap from oil, but reserves of that will not last into the 22nd century either”，天然气是不可再生资源，所以选项B错误。
- 选项C：“Wind and water”，前面已经分析出风能和水能是可再生能源，所以选项C正确。
- 选项D：“A and B”，由于选项A和选项B都错误，所以选项D也错误。