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题目

______is the process of removing heat, and the practical application is to produce or maintain temperatures below the ambient. A Circulation B Evaporation C Refrigeration D Ventilation

______is the process of removing heat, and the practical application is to produce or maintain temperatures below the ambient.

A Circulation

B Evaporation

C Refrigeration

D Ventilation

题目解答

答案

### 问题解析 这道题目考察的是制冷的基本概念。题目要求选择一个过程,该过程通过移除热量来产生或维持低于环境温度的温度。 1. **选项分析**: - **A. Circulation(循环)**:循环是指流体(如空气、水等)在系统中流动的过程,主要用于分布热量或物质,但不直接涉及热量的移除。 - **B. Evaporation(蒸发)**:蒸发是液体转化为气体的过程,会吸收热量,但蒸发本身并不是一个完整的制冷过程。 - **C. Refrigeration(制冷)**:制冷是通过移除热量来降低温度的过程,通常用于维持低于环境温度的条件。制冷系统通过压缩、冷凝、膨胀和蒸发等步骤来实现热量的转移。 - **D. Ventilation(通风)**:通风是通过空气流动来改善室内空气质量的过程,可以带走部分热量,但主要目的是改善空气质量和去除污染物,而不是专门用于制冷。 2. **正确答案**: - 根据题目描述,需要选择一个通过移除热量来产生或维持低于环境温度的过程。在给出的选项中,只有 **Refrigeration(制冷)** 符合这一描述。 ### 答案 **C. Refrigeration** ### 详细解析 - **Refrigeration(制冷)** 是一个通过移除热量来降低温度的过程。制冷系统通常包括压缩机、冷凝器、膨胀阀和蒸发器等组件。这些组件协同工作,将热量从一个地方(通常是低温区域)转移到另一个地方(通常是高温区域),从而实现降温效果。 - **Circulation(循环)**、**Evaporation(蒸发)** 和 **Ventilation(通风)** 虽然在某些情况下可以辅助降温,但它们本身并不构成一个完整的制冷过程。

解析

本题考查制冷的基本概念,要求根据描述选择正确的术语。关键在于理解每个选项的核心作用:

  • Circulation(循环)和Ventilation(通风)主要涉及流体或空气的流动,目的是传输物质或改善环境,而非直接移除热量。
  • Evaporation(蒸发)虽然会吸收热量,但属于物理现象,不是完整的制冷过程。
  • Refrigeration(制冷)是通过系统性地移除热量来维持低温,与题目描述完全匹配。

选项分析

A. Circulation

循环指流体在系统中的流动,例如空调中的空气循环,目的是均匀分布温度,但不主动移除热量。

B. Evaporation

蒸发是液体转化为气体的过程,会吸收周围热量(如汗水蒸发降温),但属于自然现象,不是人为设计的制冷过程。

C. Refrigeration

制冷是通过压缩、冷凝、膨胀、蒸发等步骤,将热量从低温区域转移到高温区域,从而实现降温。题目中“移除热量”和“维持低温”正是制冷的核心特征。

D. Ventilation

通风通过空气流动排出污浊空气,可能带走部分热量,但主要目的是改善空气质量,而非专门制冷。

结论

只有Refrigeration(制冷)符合题目中“移除热量”和“维持低温”的描述。

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