题目

Below is a selection from a popular science book. If blood is red, why are veins (静脉) blue? Actually, veins are not blue at all. They are more of a clear, yellowish color. Although blood looks red when it's outside the body, when it's sitting in a vein near the surface of the skin, it's more of a dark reddish-purple color. At the right depth, these blood-filled veins reflect less red light than the surrounding skin, making them look blue by comparison.Which works harder, your heart or your brain? It depends on whether you're busy thinking or busy exercising. Your heart works up to three times harder during exercise, and shifts enough blood over a lifetime to fill a supertanker. But, in the long run, your brain probably tips it, because even when you're sitting still your brain is working hard.34. Why can human beings feel more complex emotions than other animals?A Because human beings can walk.B Because human beings are superior to animals on the planet.C Because human beings have the limbic system.D Because human beings have never parts of a brain in addition to the limbic system.

Below is a selection from a popular science book. If blood is red, why are veins (静脉) blue? Actually, veins are not blue at all. They are more of a clear, yellowish color. Although blood looks red when it's outside the body, when it's sitting in a vein near the surface of the skin, it's more of a dark reddish-purple color. At the right depth, these blood-filled veins reflect less red light than the surrounding skin, making them look blue by comparison.

Which works harder, your heart or your brain? It depends on whether you're busy thinking or busy exercising. Your heart works up to three times harder during exercise, and shifts enough blood over a lifetime to fill a supertanker. But, in the long run, your brain probably tips it, because even when you're sitting still your brain is working hard.

34. Why can human beings feel more complex emotions than other animals?

A Because human beings can walk.

B Because human beings are superior to animals on the planet.

C Because human beings have the limbic system.

D Because human beings have never parts of a brain in addition to the limbic system.

题目解答

答案

题目分析

题目问的是：“为什么人类能比其他动物感受到更复杂的情绪？”（Why can human beings feel more complex emotions than other animals?）

我们需要根据常识和生物学知识，结合给出的选项，找出最合理的解释。

选项逐一分析

  • A. Because human beings can walk.（因为人类会走路。）
    走路是一种运动能力，与情绪感受的复杂性没有直接关系。许多动物也会走路，但它们的情绪并不如人类复杂。因此，这个选项不符合题意。

  • B. Because human beings are superior to animals on the planet.（因为人类在地球上优于动物。）
    这是一个非常笼统且主观的说法，并没有具体解释为什么人类能感受到更复杂的情绪。它没有指出具体的生理或大脑结构原因，因此不是最佳答案。

  • C. Because human beings have the limbic system.（因为人类有边缘系统。）
    边缘系统（limbic system）是负责情绪、记忆等功能的脑区。但是，需要注意的是，许多动物（如哺乳动物）也拥有边缘系统，它们同样能感受到基本的情绪。如果仅仅因为“有边缘系统”，并不能完全解释为什么人类的情绪比其他动物更复杂。

  • D. Because human beings have newer parts of a brain in addition to the limbic system.（因为除了边缘系统，人类大脑还有更新的部分。）
    人类大脑除了边缘系统外，还有高度发达的新皮层（neocortex），特别是前额叶皮层，这部分负责高级认知功能，如抽象思维、自我意识等。正是这些“更新的部分”与边缘系统协同工作，使得人类能够体验到比动物更复杂、更细腻的情绪（如道德感、审美等）。这个选项准确地指出了人类情绪复杂性的生理基础。

结论

通过对比可以发现，选项 C 提到的人类有边缘系统，但动物也有，不足以解释“更复杂”；而选项 D 明确指出人类在边缘系统之外，还有大脑中更新的部分（如新皮层），这才是人类情绪更复杂的根本原因。

因此，正确答案是 D。

解析

本题考查对人类能感受比其他动物更复杂情绪原因的理解，解题思路是对每个选项进行分析，判断其是否能合理地解释人类情绪复杂性的原因。

  • 选项A：
    • 走路是一种运动能力，与情绪感受的复杂性没有直接关联。许多动物也具备走路的能力，但它们的情绪复杂程度远不如人类。所以选项A不能解释人类能感受更复杂情绪的原因，不符合题意。
  • 选项B：
    • “人类在地球上优于动物”这种说法过于笼统和主观，没有具体指出导致人类情绪更复杂的生理或大脑结构方面的原因。因此，选项B不是最佳答案。
  • 选项C：
    • 边缘系统负责情绪、记忆等功能，然而许多动物（如哺乳动物）也拥有边缘系统，它们同样能感受到基本的情绪。所以仅因为有边缘系统，并不能完全解释为什么人类的情绪比其他动物更复杂，选项C不符合要求。
  • 选项D：
    • 人类大脑除了边缘系统外，还有高度发达的新皮层，特别是前额叶皮层，这部分负责高级认知功能，如抽象思维、自我意识等。正是这些“更新的部分”与边缘系统协同工作，使得人类能够体验到比动物更复杂、更细腻的情绪（如道德感、审美等）。该选项准确地指出了人类情绪复杂性的生理基础，能够合理地解释题目中的问题。