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After sitting with one leg crossed under the other for several hours while working on a document at her computer terminal, a 52-year-old woman tries to stand up, but is unable to walk on the crossed leg, and feels tingling and pain. Which of the following explains the loss of motor function without the loss of pain sensation in the peripheral nerves?A Aβ fibers are more sensitive to pressure thanB C fibers have higher conduction velocities than A fibersC C fibers are more susceptible to hypoxia than B fibers

After sitting with one leg crossed under the other for several hours while working on a document at her computer terminal, a 52-year-old woman tries to stand up, but is unable to walk on the crossed leg, and feels tingling and pain. Which of the following explains the loss of motor function without the loss of pain sensation in the peripheral nerves? A Aβ fibers are more sensitive to pressure than B C fibers have higher conduction velocities than A fibers C C fibers are more susceptible to hypoxia than B fibers

题目解答

答案

我们来逐步分析这道题: --- ### **题目大意:** 一位52岁的女性在电脑前久坐,一条腿交叉压在另一条腿下几个小时。她试图站起来时,发现压着的那条腿无法行走,并伴有**刺痛感和疼痛**。问题是:为什么会出现**运动功能丧失**,但**痛觉仍然存在**? --- ### **关键点分析:** - **久坐导致的神经压迫**:长时间保持一个姿势(如交叉腿坐)会导致神经受压。 - **症状表现**: - **运动功能丧失**(不能行走) - **感觉异常**(刺痛、疼痛) - 问题核心:为什么**运动功能丧失**(运动神经受损),而**痛觉(感觉神经)仍存在**? --- ### **神经纤维类型回顾:** 人体的周围神经由不同类型的纤维组成,它们在功能和结构上有所不同: | 纤维类型 | 功能 | 特点 | |----------|------|------| | **Aα、Aβ** | 运动神经、触觉、本体感觉 | 有髓鞘,传导速度快 | | **Aδ** | 快速疼痛、温度觉 | 有髓鞘,传导速度中等 | | **C纤维** | 慢性疼痛、温度觉 | 无髓鞘,传导速度慢 | --- ### **分析选项:** #### **A. Aβ纤维比(某种纤维)对压力更敏感** - Aβ纤维是负责触觉和本体感觉的,不是运动神经的主要纤维。 - 但**运动神经主要由Aα纤维组成**,而这些纤维也**是有髓鞘的**,**对压迫更敏感**。 - 所以,如果这个选项是说“运动神经纤维对压力更敏感”,那它是**合理的**。 #### **B. C纤维的传导速度比A纤维快** - 错误。C纤维是**无髓鞘的**,传导速度**比A纤维慢得多**。 - 所以这个选项**不正确**。 #### **C. C纤维比B纤维更易受缺氧影响** - B纤维是自主神经纤维,与本题无关。 - 虽然C纤维确实对缺氧更敏感,但这与本题中的“运动功能丧失但痛觉存在”**无关**。 - 所以这个选项**不相关**。 --- ### **正确答案:A** > **A. Aβ纤维比(某种纤维)对压力更敏感** 虽然题目中没有完整写完这个选项,但从上下文和医学知识来看,**运动神经纤维(Aα、Aβ)有髓鞘,传导速度快,但对压迫更敏感**。而**痛觉纤维(Aδ、C)虽然传导慢,但对压迫的耐受性更好**。 --- ### **总结:** - 久坐导致神经受压 → **运动神经纤维(Aα、Aβ)受损** → **运动功能丧失** - **痛觉纤维(Aδ、C)耐受性更好** → **痛觉仍然存在** --- ### **最终答案:** $$ \boxed{A} $$

解析

本题考查周围神经纤维的分类及功能特点。关键在于理解不同神经纤维对压力的敏感性差异。运动神经纤维(Aα、Aβ)有髓鞘,传导速度快但对压力更敏感,而痛觉纤维(Aδ、C)中C纤维无髓鞘,对压力耐受性更好。因此,长时间压迫导致运动功能丧失但痛觉保留。

选项分析

选项A

Aβ纤维对压力更敏感:

  • Aβ纤维属于有髓鞘的神经纤维,负责触觉和本体感觉,但运动神经主要由Aα纤维组成,两者均对压力敏感。
  • 长时间压迫导致运动神经纤维受损,故出现运动功能丧失,而C纤维(痛觉纤维)耐受性更好,仍能传递痛觉。
    此选项符合题意。

选项B

C纤维传导速度比A纤维快:

  • C纤维无髓鞘,传导速度最慢,而A纤维(如Aα、Aβ)有髓鞘,速度更快。
    此选项错误。

选项C

C纤维比B纤维更易受缺氧影响:

  • B纤维是自主神经纤维,与本题无关。
  • 虽然C纤维对缺氧敏感,但题目中是压力导致神经损伤,与缺氧无关。
    此选项不相关。

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