Section 3 (20 points, 2 points for each)Directions: In this section, there are two passages. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C, and D. You should decide on the best choice.Passage 1Between the 1950s and the early 1980s, the evolving role of Japanese women had been most obvious in their attitudes toward marriage and the family system. There had been a trend away from arranged marriages. Many young women admitted that they took paid employment mostly in order to find a husband on their own. In spite of this and other influences a 1982 figure showed that almost 40 percent of marriages were still arranged. This figure was, however, half the size of a 1955 survey which showed that almost 81 percent of marriages were arranged. Once married, many women in the early 1980s continued to work, and increasingly they returned to work after childbirth, something which was hard to imagine a generation before. A woman's role in the family was evolving as well, becoming more and more dominant.Women had sought more personal satisfaction from their lives since 1950s. In the beginning of the1980s, during their lives before marriage women made up an almost free-wheeling (随心所欲) part of Japanese society. A survey of new brides reported that only 12 percent expected their marriage to be happy. At that time, Japanese still regarded marriage not as the peak of a romance but as a duty that was primarily social and practical in significance. As a result, Japanese women took full advantage of their years before marriage. Most women remained at home while working, living with their family in a sort of extended dependency. Japanese women, however, must be careful to maintain themselves within acceptable social standards, one woman being told, "If you act like that, you will not be wanted as a bride."Once married a Japanese women found herself in a role opposite of the perceived sex roles in Japan – the female was dominant in the house. The relationship between the partners of a Japanese marriage clearly showed the evolving role of women. It must be remembered that a short one hundred years ago the attitude toward women was that "In everything she must obey her husband". By the early 1980s the role of women had changed: A Japanese woman had almost unquestioned power within<|im_end|>23.What was marriage in many Japanese people's eyes in the early 1980s?A) It was the end of their romance.B) It was the beginning of a happy life.C) It was a social responsibility one has to fulfill.D) It was the highest point of their romantic relationship.<|im_end|>24. Which of the following was the main cause for most Japanese women in the early1980s to take full advantage of their years before marriage?A) They believed they would no longer have a happy life after marriage.B) They knew they could not be as dominant as before after getting married.C) They should not go beyond acceptable social standards after marriage.D) They would no longer have time to work after marriage.<|im_end|>25. "The perceived sex roles" in the last paragraph most probably refers to the fact that the wife ___. A) had to obey the husband in the family B) had to support the husband and his family C) could make decisions on everything in the family D) could question some of the husbands' decisions

Section 3 (20 points, 2 points for each) Directions: In this section, there are two passages. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C, and D. You should decide on the best choice. Passage 1 Between the 1950s and the early 1980s, the evolving role of Japanese women had been most obvious in their attitudes toward marriage and the family system. There had been a trend away from arranged marriages. Many young women admitted that they took paid employment mostly in order to find a husband on their own. In spite of this and other influences a 1982 figure showed that almost 40 percent of marriages were still arranged. This figure was, however, half the size of a 1955 survey which showed that almost 81 percent of marriages were arranged. Once married, many women in the early 1980s continued to work, and increasingly they returned to work after childbirth, something which was hard to imagine a generation before. A woman's role in the family was evolving as well, becoming more and more dominant. Women had sought more personal satisfaction from their lives since 1950s. In the beginning of the1980s, during their lives before marriage women made up an almost free-wheeling (随心所欲) part of Japanese society. A survey of new brides reported that only 12 percent expected their marriage to be happy. At that time, Japanese still regarded marriage not as the peak of a romance but as a duty that was primarily social and practical in significance. As a result, Japanese women took full advantage of their years before marriage. Most women remained at home while working, living with their family in a sort of extended dependency. Japanese women, however, must be careful to maintain themselves within acceptable social standards, one woman being told, "If you act like that, you will not be wanted as a bride." Once married a Japanese women found herself in a role opposite of the perceived sex roles in Japan – the female was dominant in the house. The relationship between the partners of a Japanese marriage clearly showed the evolving role of women. It must be remembered that a short one hundred years ago the attitude toward women was that "In everything she must obey her husband". By the early 1980s the role of women had changed: A Japanese woman had almost unquestioned power within <|im_end|> 23.What was marriage in many Japanese people's eyes in the early 1980s? A) It was the end of their romance. B) It was the beginning of a happy life. C) It was a social responsibility one has to fulfill. D) It was the highest point of their romantic relationship. <|im_end|> 24. Which of the following was the main cause for most Japanese women in the early 1980s to take full advantage of their years before marriage? A) They believed they would no longer have a happy life after marriage. B) They knew they could not be as dominant as before after getting married. C) They should not go beyond acceptable social standards after marriage. D) They would no longer have time to work after marriage. <|im_end|> 25. "The perceived sex roles" in the last paragraph most probably refers to the fact that the wife ___. A) had to obey the husband in the family B) had to support the husband and his family C) could make decisions on everything in the family D) could question some of the husbands' decisions