In the earlier days of computer history, there was a quite widespread concern that computers would take over the world from man one day. Already today, less than forty years later, as computers are relieving us of more and more of the routine tasks in business and in our personal lives, we are faced with a less dramatic but also less foreseen problem. People tend to be over-trusting of the functions of computers and are reluctant to challenge their authority. Indeed, they behave as if they were hardly aware that wrong buttons might be pushed, or that a computer might simply fail to work properly.Obviously, there would be no point in investing in a computer if you had to check all its answers, but people should also rely on their own internal computers and check the machine when they have the feeling that something had gone wrong. Questioning and routine double checks must continue to be as much a part of good business as they were in pre-computer days. Maybe each computer should come with the following warning: for all the help this computer may provide, it should not be seen as a device that can take the place of fundamental thinking and reasoning skills.The author advises those dealing with computers to ________.A. use them for business purpose onlyB. be reasonably skeptical about themC. check all their answersD. give up basic thinking
In the earlier days of computer history, there was a quite widespread concern that computers would take over the world from man one day. Already today, less than forty years later, as computers are relieving us of more and more of the routine tasks in business and in our personal lives, we are faced with a less dramatic but also less foreseen problem. People tend to be over-trusting of the functions of computers and are reluctant to challenge their authority. Indeed, they behave as if they were hardly aware that wrong buttons might be pushed, or that a computer might simply fail to work properly. Obviously, there would be no point in investing in a computer if you had to check all its answers, but people should also rely on their own internal computers and check the machine when they have the feeling that something had gone wrong. Questioning and routine double checks must continue to be as much a part of good business as they were in pre-computer days. Maybe each computer should come with the following warning: for all the help this computer may provide, it should not be seen as a device that can take the place of fundamental thinking and reasoning skills. The author advises those dealing with computers to ________. A. use them for business purpose only B. be reasonably skeptical about them C. check all their answers D. give up basic thinking
题目解答
答案
我们来一步一步地分析这道题。
一、理解文章主旨
这段文章讲的是在计算机发展的早期,人们担心计算机有一天会控制世界。而现在,虽然这种担心没有实现,但出现了一个新的问题:人们对计算机过于信任,不愿意质疑它们的权威。
文章指出,虽然我们不需要每一条计算机给出的答案都去检查,但人们也应该相信自己的判断,在感觉不对劲时去检查计算机的输出。作者还建议,计算机应该附带一个警告:尽管计算机可以提供帮助,但它不能取代人的基本思考和推理能力。
二、分析题目
题目问的是:
> The author advises those dealing with computers to ______.
即:“作者建议那些使用计算机的人要……”
三、分析选项
我们逐个分析选项:
A. use them for business purpose only
(只将它们用于商业用途)
文章没有说计算机只能用于商业用途,而是强调人们在使用计算机时的态度问题,所以这个选项不符合文意。
B. be reasonably skeptical about them
(对它们保持合理的怀疑态度)
这正是文章的核心观点:不要盲目信任计算机,要对它们保持一定的怀疑,尤其是在感觉不对劲时要进行检查。这与文章的主旨完全一致。
C. check all their answers
(检查它们所有的答案)
文章明确指出:“Obviously, there would be no point in investing in a computer if you had to check all its answers...”
意思是:如果每一条答案都要检查,那买计算机就没有意义了。所以这个选项是错误的。
D. give up basic thinking
(放弃基本的思考)
这与文章的主旨完全相反。作者强调的是:不能放弃基本的思考和推理能力,计算机不能取代人类的思考。
四、得出结论
正确答案是:
$\boxed{B}$
解析
本题考查对文章主旨的理解以及根据文章内容进行推理判断的能力。解题的关键在于准确把握文章中作者对于人们使用计算机的态度和建议。
- 理解文章主旨:文章开篇提到早期人们担心计算机统治世界,接着指出如今出现了新问题,即人们过度信任计算机,不愿质疑其权威。作者强调人们应依靠自身判断力,在感觉有问题时检查计算机输出,且计算机不能取代人类的基本思考和推理能力。
- 分析题目:题目询问作者对使用计算机的人的建议。
- 分析选项:
- A选项:文章未提及计算机只能用于商业用途,重点在于使用计算机的态度,所以A选项不符合文意。
- B选项:文章核心观点就是不要盲目信任计算机,要保持一定怀疑,尤其感觉不对时要检查,这与B选项“对它们保持合理的怀疑态度”一致。
- C选项:文中明确表示“Obviously, there would be no point in investing in a computer if you had to check all its answers...”,说明没必要检查所有答案,C选项错误。
- D选项:文章强调不能放弃基本思考和推理能力,D选项与文意相悖。