题目

Each day, computers help millions of people do their jobs more effectively. For example, they can help managers decide on a future course of action, and they can then help with the follow-up checks on performance to see if planned goals are being achieved. By using accurate and timely facts supplied by data base management software, a manager can do a better job of identifying problems and opportunities. The facts retrieved by such software can help the manager design a spreadsheet package, check if planned goals are reached, save time in writing a report, or decide on a future course of action.50. Which of the following examples shows the controlling function of a computer?A. Helping managers design a spreadsheet package.B. Helping managers check if planned goals are reached.C. Helping managers save time in writing a report.D. Helping managers decide on a future course of action.

Each day, computers help millions of people do their jobs more effectively. For example, they can help managers decide on a future course of action, and they can then help with the follow-up checks on performance to see if planned goals are being achieved. By using accurate and timely facts supplied by data base management software, a manager can do a better job of identifying problems and opportunities. The facts retrieved by such software can help the manager design a spreadsheet package, check if planned goals are reached, save time in writing a report, or decide on a future course of action. 50. Which of the following examples shows the controlling function of a computer? A. Helping managers design a spreadsheet package. B. Helping managers check if planned goals are reached. C. Helping managers save time in writing a report. D. Helping managers decide on a future course of action.

题目解答

答案

我们来逐句分析题干和选项，找出最符合“控制功能（controlling function）”的计算机用途。 --- ### 一、题干分析：题干中提到： > "computers can help managers **decide on a future course of action**"（帮助管理者决定未来的行动路线） > "and they can then help with the **follow-up checks on performance** to see if planned goals are being achieved."（然后可以帮助进行绩效的后续检查，看计划目标是否达成）这两句话分别对应了管理的两个重要职能： - **决策**（Decision-making）：决定未来的行动方向。 - **控制**（Controlling）：检查实际执行情况是否符合计划目标。接下来继续看： > "By using accurate and timely facts supplied by database management software, a manager can do a better job of identifying problems and opportunities." 这说明计算机通过提供准确及时的数据，帮助管理者更好地发现问题和机会。 > "The facts retrieved by such software can help the manager design a spreadsheet package, check if planned goals are reached, save time in writing a report, or decide on a future course of action." 这一句列出了计算机提供的四个用途： 1. 帮助设计电子表格（spreadsheet）； 2. 检查计划目标是否达成； 3. 节省写报告的时间； 4. 决定未来行动方向。 --- ### 二、题目要求： > **Which of the following examples shows the controlling function of a computer?** 我们要找出哪个例子体现了计算机的“控制功能”。 --- ### 三、管理职能中的“控制”是什么？在管理学中，**控制（controlling）** 是指： > 通过比较实际绩效与计划目标，识别偏差，并采取纠正措施，以确保目标的实现。因此，控制功能的关键点是： - **绩效评估**（performance evaluation） - **目标达成检查**（checking whether goals are achieved） - **偏差识别与纠正** --- ### 四、选项分析： A. **帮助管理者设计一个电子表格包** - 这属于工具使用，属于辅助功能，不是控制。 B. **帮助管理者检查计划目标是否达成** ✅ - 这正是控制的核心内容：评估绩效，检查目标是否实现。 - **符合控制功能的定义。** C. **帮助管理者节省写报告的时间** - 这是提高效率，属于辅助功能，不是控制。 D. **帮助管理者决定未来的行动方向** - 这是决策功能，不是控制功能。 --- ### 五、答案： $$ \boxed{B} $$

解析

本题考查对文章内容的理解以及对管理职能中“控制功能”概念的把握。解题思路是先明确题干中关于计算机对管理者帮助的不同方面描述，再理解管理中“控制功能”的定义，最后将各选项与“控制功能”的定义进行匹配。

题干信息分析：
- 文中提到“computers can help managers decide on a future course of action”，这体现了计算机帮助管理者进行决策。
- “they can then help with the follow - up checks on performance to see if planned goals are being achieved”，说明计算机能帮助进行绩效的后续检查，看计划目标是否达成。
- “The facts retrieved by such software can help the manager design a spreadsheet package, check if planned goals are reached, save time in writing a report, or decide on a future course of action”，进一步列举了计算机的四个用途：设计电子表格、检查计划目标是否达成、节省写报告时间、决定未来行动方向。
“控制功能”定义：在管理学中，控制是指通过比较实际绩效与计划目标，识别偏差，并采取纠正措施，以确保目标的实现。其关键点在于绩效评估、目标达成检查以及偏差识别与纠正。
选项分析：
- A选项：“Helping managers design a spreadsheet package”，设计电子表格包属于工具使用，是辅助功能，并非控制功能。
- B选项：“Helping managers check if planned goals are reached”，检查计划目标是否达成，这与控制功能中评估绩效、检查目标是否实现的核心内容相符，所以该选项正确。
- C选项：“Helping managers save time in writing a report”，节省写报告的时间是提高效率的辅助功能，不是控制功能。
- D选项：“Helping managers decide on a future course of action”，决定未来行动方向是决策功能，并非控制功能。