题目
Nature Therapy We need the tonic of wildness...At the same time that we are earnest to explore and learn all things，we require that all things be mysterious and unexplorable，that land and sea be indefinitely wild，unsurveyed and unfathomed by us because unfathomable.We can never have enough of nature.--Thoreau One major difference between our current lifestyle and those of our evolutionary past is an increasing（1） ____ from natural settings with increased urbanization.But does this change have a major impact on our mental health？（2） ____ ，a remedy for ill health or low spirits，if the means were available，would be to send someone to the quiet of the country or seashore and away from the bustle of city.The popularity of vacations to beautiful national parks，camping，outward bound，and even breaks for a picturesque walk in a（3） ____ greenspace to clear the mind would speak to some empirical （经验主义）（4） ____ that nature does soothe the savage beast.And recently，scientists have been studying the idea of nature therapy with a bit more seriousness than a dashed-off prescription （处方） for a（n）（5） ____ . We are now far（6） ____ from the natural world of our ancestors...more than 50% of people live in urban areas （increasing to ＞70% by 2050）.Increased urbanization is associated with increased levels of mental illness，particularly anxiety and depression.Growing up in a natural setting is relevant to a less（7） ____ stress response，and exposure to greenspace（8） ____ relates to a positive effect on well-being in a large two-decade study.Images and sounds of a natural environment can decrease stress in people exposed to negative stimuli.A large survey of mental health and neighborhood greenspace in Wisconsin showed significant correlation between the（9） ____ of nature and lower levels of depression，anxiety，and stress.There are many studies showing a similar relationships between nature exposure，relaxation，and well-being.But how does exposure to green space help us（10） ____ ，exactly？ Dr.Gregory Bratman's group at Stanford has published a couple of paper following a small group of healthy volunteers told to have a 5 kilometers walk in the San Francisco Bay area.Half walked along a busy street while the other half went for a/an（11） ____ walk.The nature walk compared to walk along a busy street.Later，the same researchers did MRIs and measured blood flow in brain areas of healthy people who went on a 90 minute walk in the same urban vs.More natural setting.They found that the nature walkers had（12） ____ activity in a particular brain region，the subgenual prefrontal cortex.This area of the brain is associated with rumination，or worrying on the same issues over and over，a problem described often in depressive and anxiety disorders. So there we have it in a world and environment where our brains are working overtime and we think and roll over ideas and worry，（13） ____ to nature seems to get us out of our heads，with likely positive benefits.In the hyper-urban world to come，designing accessible，safe（14） ____ may help the mental health of the population，and preserving our natural landscapes to be enjoyed by our descendants will continue to be a national must.（15） ____ ，a prescription for a nice weekend hike could have some real measurable brain benefits. （1）A.resistance B.isolation C.interruption D.distance （2）A.Currently B.Generally C.Historically D.Fortunately （3）A.local B.imposing C.fascinating D.standard （4）A.assistance B.evidence C.belief D.approach （5）A.cycling B.swimming C.adventure D.hike （6）A.removed B.rid C.driven D.dropped （7）A.slight B.severe C.similar D.negative （8）A.dominantly B.lively C.merely D.significantly （9）A.exposure B.link C.availability D.necessity （10）A.tolerate B.unwind C.swing D.resolve （11）A.casual B.earnest C.upright D.scenic （12）A.reduced B.increased C.intensified D.balanced （13）A.responses B.contribution C.approach D.exposure （14）munities B.transportations C.greenspaces D.facilities （15）A.In a word B.For instance C.In the meantime D.In particular
Nature Therapy We need the tonic of wildness...At the same time that we are earnest to explore and learn all things，we require that all things be mysterious and unexplorable，that land and sea be indefinitely wild，unsurveyed and unfathomed by us because unfathomable.We can never have enough of nature.
--Thoreau One major difference between our current lifestyle and those of our evolutionary past is an increasing（1） ____ from natural settings with increased urbanization.But does this change have a major impact on our mental health？（2） ____ ，a remedy for ill health or low spirits，if the means were available，would be to send someone to the quiet of the country or seashore and away from the bustle of city.The popularity of vacations to beautiful national parks，camping，outward bound，and even breaks for a picturesque walk in a（3） ____ greenspace to clear the mind would speak to some empirical （经验主义）（4） ____ that nature does soothe the savage beast.And recently，scientists have been studying the idea of nature therapy with a bit more seriousness than a dashed-off prescription （处方） for a（n）（5） ____ .
We are now far（6） ____ from the natural world of our ancestors...more than 50% of people live in urban areas （increasing to ＞70% by 2050）.Increased urbanization is associated with increased levels of mental illness，particularly anxiety and depression.Growing up in a natural setting is relevant to a less（7） ____ stress response，and exposure to greenspace（8） ____ relates to a positive effect on well-being in a large two-decade study.Images and sounds of a natural environment can decrease stress in people exposed to negative stimuli.A large survey of mental health and neighborhood greenspace in Wisconsin showed significant correlation between the（9） ____ of nature and lower levels of depression，anxiety，and stress.There are many studies showing a similar relationships between nature exposure，relaxation，and well-being.But how does exposure to green space help us（10） ____ ，exactly？
Dr.Gregory Bratman's group at Stanford has published a couple of paper following a small group of healthy volunteers told to have a 5 kilometers walk in the San Francisco Bay area.Half walked along a busy street while the other half went for a/an（11） ____ walk.The nature walk compared to walk along a busy street.Later，the same researchers did MRIs and measured blood flow in brain areas of healthy people who went on a 90 minute walk in the same urban vs.More natural setting.They found that the nature walkers had（12） ____ activity in a particular brain region，the subgenual prefrontal cortex.This area of the brain is associated with rumination，or worrying on the same issues over and over，a problem described often in depressive and anxiety disorders.
So there we have it in a world and environment where our brains are working overtime and we think and roll over ideas and worry，（13） ____ to nature seems to get us out of our heads，with likely positive benefits.In the hyper-urban world to come，designing accessible，safe（14） ____ may help the mental health of the population，and preserving our natural landscapes to be enjoyed by our descendants will continue to be a national must.（15） ____ ，a prescription for a nice weekend hike could have some real measurable brain benefits.
--Thoreau One major difference between our current lifestyle and those of our evolutionary past is an increasing（1） ____ from natural settings with increased urbanization.But does this change have a major impact on our mental health？（2） ____ ，a remedy for ill health or low spirits，if the means were available，would be to send someone to the quiet of the country or seashore and away from the bustle of city.The popularity of vacations to beautiful national parks，camping，outward bound，and even breaks for a picturesque walk in a（3） ____ greenspace to clear the mind would speak to some empirical （经验主义）（4） ____ that nature does soothe the savage beast.And recently，scientists have been studying the idea of nature therapy with a bit more seriousness than a dashed-off prescription （处方） for a（n）（5） ____ .
We are now far（6） ____ from the natural world of our ancestors...more than 50% of people live in urban areas （increasing to ＞70% by 2050）.Increased urbanization is associated with increased levels of mental illness，particularly anxiety and depression.Growing up in a natural setting is relevant to a less（7） ____ stress response，and exposure to greenspace（8） ____ relates to a positive effect on well-being in a large two-decade study.Images and sounds of a natural environment can decrease stress in people exposed to negative stimuli.A large survey of mental health and neighborhood greenspace in Wisconsin showed significant correlation between the（9） ____ of nature and lower levels of depression，anxiety，and stress.There are many studies showing a similar relationships between nature exposure，relaxation，and well-being.But how does exposure to green space help us（10） ____ ，exactly？
Dr.Gregory Bratman's group at Stanford has published a couple of paper following a small group of healthy volunteers told to have a 5 kilometers walk in the San Francisco Bay area.Half walked along a busy street while the other half went for a/an（11） ____ walk.The nature walk compared to walk along a busy street.Later，the same researchers did MRIs and measured blood flow in brain areas of healthy people who went on a 90 minute walk in the same urban vs.More natural setting.They found that the nature walkers had（12） ____ activity in a particular brain region，the subgenual prefrontal cortex.This area of the brain is associated with rumination，or worrying on the same issues over and over，a problem described often in depressive and anxiety disorders.
So there we have it in a world and environment where our brains are working overtime and we think and roll over ideas and worry，（13） ____ to nature seems to get us out of our heads，with likely positive benefits.In the hyper-urban world to come，designing accessible，safe（14） ____ may help the mental health of the population，and preserving our natural landscapes to be enjoyed by our descendants will continue to be a national must.（15） ____ ，a prescription for a nice weekend hike could have some real measurable brain benefits.
| （1）A.resistance | B.isolation | C.interruption | D.distance |
| （2）A.Currently | B.Generally | C.Historically | D.Fortunately |
| （3）A.local | B.imposing | C.fascinating | D.standard |
| （4）A.assistance | B.evidence | C.belief | D.approach |
| （5）A.cycling | B.swimming | C.adventure | D.hike |
| （6）A.removed | B.rid | C.driven | D.dropped |
| （7）A.slight | B.severe | C.similar | D.negative |
| （8）A.dominantly | B.lively | C.merely | D.significantly |
| （9）A.exposure | B.link | C.availability | D.necessity |
| （10）A.tolerate | B.unwind | C.swing | D.resolve |
| （11）A.casual | B.earnest | C.upright | D.scenic |
| （12）A.reduced | B.increased | C.intensified | D.balanced |
| （13）A.responses | B.contribution | C.approach | D.exposure |
| （14）munities | B.transportations | C.greenspaces | D.facilities |
| （15）A.In a word | B.For instance | C.In the meantime | D.In particular |
题目解答
答案
（1）B．考查名词及语境理解。A.resistance阻力；B.isolation隔离；C.interruption中断；D.distance距离。句意：我们现在的生活方式和进化过去的生活方式的一个主要区别是，随着城市化的发展，我们越来越远离自然环境。通过第一段和第二段不难看出，文章是讲城市化对我们造成的一些不好的心理影响。第一空格跟We are now far（6）____ from the natural world of our ancestors....more than 50% of people live in urban areas （increasing to ＞70% by 2050）increased urbanization is associated with increased levels of mental illness，particularly anxiety and depression.对应，故选B项。
（2）C．考查副词及语境理解。A.Currently当前；B.Generally通常；C.Historically在历史上；D.Fortunately幸运的是。句意：从历史上看，治疗身体不健康或情绪低落的方法，如果有方法的话，就是把人送到安静的乡村或海边，远离城市的喧嚣。根据上文的our evolutionary past可知是历史上的方法，故选C项。
（3）A．考查形容词及语境理解。A.local当地的；B.imposing壮观的；C.fascinating迷人的；D.standard标准。句意：到美丽的国家公园度假、露营、户外活动，甚至在当地的绿地上进行一次风景如画的散步来理清思绪，这些都是很受欢迎的做法。前面讲到自然疗法是一个好方法，可以帮助我们解压，那就是去到大自然中去，去欣赏美景也好还是怎样，故选A项。
（4）B．考查名词及语境理解。A.assistance援助；B.evidence证据；C.belief信赖；D.approach接近。句意：到美丽的国家公园度假、露营、户外活动，甚至在当地的绿地上进行一次风景如画的散步来理清思绪，这些都是很受欢迎的做法。通过后文And recently，scientists have been studying the idea of nature therapy with a bit more seriousness than a dashed-off prescription （处方）for 可以看出我们的祖先之前是通过自然疗法治疗一些疾病，所以他们体验过才传下来，那就是一些经验主义的经验，故选B项。
（5）D．考查名词及语境理解。A.cycling骑行；B.swimming游泳；C.adventure冒险；D.hike远足。句意：最近，科学家们一直在认真研究自然疗法的理念，而不是匆忙开出的远足处方。根据语境可知科学家们一直在认真研究自然疗法的理念，而不是匆忙开出的远足处方来帮助人们治疗身体不健康或情绪低落。故选D。
（6）A．考查动词及语境理解。A.removed移开；B.rid摆脱；C.driven驱赶；D.dropped下降。句意：我们现在远离我们祖先的自然世界…超过50%的人生活在城市地区（到2050年将增加到70%），城市化的增加与精神疾病，尤其是焦虑和抑郁水平的增加有关。根据下文more than 50% of people live in urban areas （increasing to ＞70% by 2050）以及第一空选项可知我们现在远离我们祖先的自然世界。故选A项。
（7）B．考查形容词及语境理解。A.slight轻微的；B.severe严重的；C.similar相似的；D.negative消极的。句意：在一项长达20年的大型研究中发现，在一个不太严重的压力环境中长大与之相关，而接触绿地对幸福感有显著的积极影响。根据上文Increased urbanization is associated with increased levels of mental illness，particularly anxiety and depression.可知在一个不太严重的压力环境中长大与之相关。故选B项。
（8）D．考查副词及语境理解。A.dominantly支配地；B.lively活泼的；C.merely仅仅；D.significantly显著地。句意：在一项长达20年的大型研究中发现，在一个不太严重的压力环境中长大与之相关，而接触绿地对幸福感有显著的积极影响。根据上文exposure to greenspace 和下文relates to a positive effect on well-being in a large two-decade study可以看出多接触大自然对我们来说是好的，所以选择一个积极色彩的程度副词，故选D项。
（9）C．考查名词及语境理解。A.exposure暴露；B.link环节；C.availability可用性；D.necessity必然性。句意：威斯康辛州一项关于心理健康和社区绿地的大型调查显示，大自然的可及性与较低程度的抑郁、焦虑和压力之间存在显著的相关性。根据上文的exposure to greenspace可知大自然的可及性与较低程度的抑郁、焦虑和压力之间存在显著的相关性，故选C项。
（10）B．考查动词及语境理解。A.tolerate容忍；B.unwind放松；C.swing摇摆；D.resolve溶解。句意：但是，确切地说，暴露在绿色空间中如何帮助我们放松呢？选择一个跟relax相近的词，故选B项。
（11）D．考查形容词及语境理解。A.causal原因的；B.earnest认真的；C.upright正直的；D.scenic风景优美的。句意：一半人在繁忙的街道上行走，另一半人则在美丽的山峦和海湾中散步。本句话通过一个关键词while 可以看出前后相反，前面说在一个busy的地方，后面应该是与之相反。故选D项。
（12）A．考查动词及语境理解。A.reduced减少；B.increased增加；C.intensified加强；D.balanced平衡。句意：他们发现，"自然步行者"大脑的一个特定区域——亚属前额叶皮层的活动减少。既然接触大自然是可以治疗疾病，又根据下文This area of the brain is associated with rumination，or worrying on the same issues over and over，a problem described often in depressive and anxiety disorders.应该是会让他们减少压抑感。故选A项。
（13）D．考查名词及语境理解。A.responses反应；B.contribution贡献；C.approach方法；D.exposure面临，接触。句意：所以，在这个世界和环境中，我们的大脑在加班加点地工作，我们思考，反复思考，担心，接触大自然似乎让我们忘记了自己的头脑，这可能会带来积极的纵向效益。根据上文So there we have it in a world and environment where our brains are working overtime and we think and roll over ideas and worry可知接触大自然似乎让我们忘记了自己的头脑，这可能会带来积极的纵向效益。故选D项。
（14）C．考查名词及语境理解。munities社区；B.transportations交通工具；C.greenspaces绿地；D.facilities设备。句意：在未来高度城市化的世界里，设计无障碍、安全的绿地可能有助于人们的心理健康，保护我们的自然景观供我们的子孙后代享用，这将继续是一个国家必须做的事情。全文都在讲greenspace 对我们的影响，所以这里只有这个合适。故选C项。
（15）A．考查介词短语及语境理解。A.In a word总之；B.For instance例如；C.In the meantime在此期间；D.In particular特别。句意：简而言之，一张周末远足的处方可能对大脑有一些可测量的好处。最后作者做出总结，（号召）大家多多接触大自然，进而减少城市化带给我们的焦虑感。故选A项。
（2）C．考查副词及语境理解。A.Currently当前；B.Generally通常；C.Historically在历史上；D.Fortunately幸运的是。句意：从历史上看，治疗身体不健康或情绪低落的方法，如果有方法的话，就是把人送到安静的乡村或海边，远离城市的喧嚣。根据上文的our evolutionary past可知是历史上的方法，故选C项。
（3）A．考查形容词及语境理解。A.local当地的；B.imposing壮观的；C.fascinating迷人的；D.standard标准。句意：到美丽的国家公园度假、露营、户外活动，甚至在当地的绿地上进行一次风景如画的散步来理清思绪，这些都是很受欢迎的做法。前面讲到自然疗法是一个好方法，可以帮助我们解压，那就是去到大自然中去，去欣赏美景也好还是怎样，故选A项。
（4）B．考查名词及语境理解。A.assistance援助；B.evidence证据；C.belief信赖；D.approach接近。句意：到美丽的国家公园度假、露营、户外活动，甚至在当地的绿地上进行一次风景如画的散步来理清思绪，这些都是很受欢迎的做法。通过后文And recently，scientists have been studying the idea of nature therapy with a bit more seriousness than a dashed-off prescription （处方）for 可以看出我们的祖先之前是通过自然疗法治疗一些疾病，所以他们体验过才传下来，那就是一些经验主义的经验，故选B项。
（5）D．考查名词及语境理解。A.cycling骑行；B.swimming游泳；C.adventure冒险；D.hike远足。句意：最近，科学家们一直在认真研究自然疗法的理念，而不是匆忙开出的远足处方。根据语境可知科学家们一直在认真研究自然疗法的理念，而不是匆忙开出的远足处方来帮助人们治疗身体不健康或情绪低落。故选D。
（6）A．考查动词及语境理解。A.removed移开；B.rid摆脱；C.driven驱赶；D.dropped下降。句意：我们现在远离我们祖先的自然世界…超过50%的人生活在城市地区（到2050年将增加到70%），城市化的增加与精神疾病，尤其是焦虑和抑郁水平的增加有关。根据下文more than 50% of people live in urban areas （increasing to ＞70% by 2050）以及第一空选项可知我们现在远离我们祖先的自然世界。故选A项。
（7）B．考查形容词及语境理解。A.slight轻微的；B.severe严重的；C.similar相似的；D.negative消极的。句意：在一项长达20年的大型研究中发现，在一个不太严重的压力环境中长大与之相关，而接触绿地对幸福感有显著的积极影响。根据上文Increased urbanization is associated with increased levels of mental illness，particularly anxiety and depression.可知在一个不太严重的压力环境中长大与之相关。故选B项。
（8）D．考查副词及语境理解。A.dominantly支配地；B.lively活泼的；C.merely仅仅；D.significantly显著地。句意：在一项长达20年的大型研究中发现，在一个不太严重的压力环境中长大与之相关，而接触绿地对幸福感有显著的积极影响。根据上文exposure to greenspace 和下文relates to a positive effect on well-being in a large two-decade study可以看出多接触大自然对我们来说是好的，所以选择一个积极色彩的程度副词，故选D项。
（9）C．考查名词及语境理解。A.exposure暴露；B.link环节；C.availability可用性；D.necessity必然性。句意：威斯康辛州一项关于心理健康和社区绿地的大型调查显示，大自然的可及性与较低程度的抑郁、焦虑和压力之间存在显著的相关性。根据上文的exposure to greenspace可知大自然的可及性与较低程度的抑郁、焦虑和压力之间存在显著的相关性，故选C项。
（10）B．考查动词及语境理解。A.tolerate容忍；B.unwind放松；C.swing摇摆；D.resolve溶解。句意：但是，确切地说，暴露在绿色空间中如何帮助我们放松呢？选择一个跟relax相近的词，故选B项。
（11）D．考查形容词及语境理解。A.causal原因的；B.earnest认真的；C.upright正直的；D.scenic风景优美的。句意：一半人在繁忙的街道上行走，另一半人则在美丽的山峦和海湾中散步。本句话通过一个关键词while 可以看出前后相反，前面说在一个busy的地方，后面应该是与之相反。故选D项。
（12）A．考查动词及语境理解。A.reduced减少；B.increased增加；C.intensified加强；D.balanced平衡。句意：他们发现，"自然步行者"大脑的一个特定区域——亚属前额叶皮层的活动减少。既然接触大自然是可以治疗疾病，又根据下文This area of the brain is associated with rumination，or worrying on the same issues over and over，a problem described often in depressive and anxiety disorders.应该是会让他们减少压抑感。故选A项。
（13）D．考查名词及语境理解。A.responses反应；B.contribution贡献；C.approach方法；D.exposure面临，接触。句意：所以，在这个世界和环境中，我们的大脑在加班加点地工作，我们思考，反复思考，担心，接触大自然似乎让我们忘记了自己的头脑，这可能会带来积极的纵向效益。根据上文So there we have it in a world and environment where our brains are working overtime and we think and roll over ideas and worry可知接触大自然似乎让我们忘记了自己的头脑，这可能会带来积极的纵向效益。故选D项。
（14）C．考查名词及语境理解。munities社区；B.transportations交通工具；C.greenspaces绿地；D.facilities设备。句意：在未来高度城市化的世界里，设计无障碍、安全的绿地可能有助于人们的心理健康，保护我们的自然景观供我们的子孙后代享用，这将继续是一个国家必须做的事情。全文都在讲greenspace 对我们的影响，所以这里只有这个合适。故选C项。
（15）A．考查介词短语及语境理解。A.In a word总之；B.For instance例如；C.In the meantime在此期间；D.In particular特别。句意：简而言之，一张周末远足的处方可能对大脑有一些可测量的好处。最后作者做出总结，（号召）大家多多接触大自然，进而减少城市化带给我们的焦虑感。故选A项。