题目
We all know that music is a powerful influencer.A movie without a soundtrack doesn't arouse the same（1） ____ journey.A workout without a pump-up anthem can feel like a drag.But is there a way to（2） ____ these reactions？If so，could they be reverse-engineered and put to use？ In a paper，researchers at the University of Southern California mapped out how things like rhythm cause different types of brain activity，（3） ____ reactions，and emotions，and how machine learning could use those relationships to predict people's response to a new piece of music.The research is part of the lab's broader goal to understand how different forms of media，such as films and（4） ____ as well as music，affect people's bodies and brains. "Once we understand how media can affect various emotions，then we can try to productively use it for actually supporting or （5） ____ human experiences，" says Shrikanth，a professor at USC and the principal investigator.The researchers first combed music streaming sites for songs with very few（6） ____ ，tagged either "happy" or "sad". （They wanted to avoid familiar songs to minimize any confusing variables.） Through a series of human testers，60 pieces for each emotion were narrowed down to a final list of three：two that reliably caused sadness and one that reliably caused happiness.One hundred participants who hadn't heard the songs before（7） ____ two groups，listened to all three pieces，and either took an fMRI scan or wore pulse，heat，and electricity sensors on their skin and rated the （8） ____ of their emotions on a scale of 0 to 10. The researchers then（9） ____ the data，along with 74 features for each song，such as harmony，into several machine-learning algorithms and examined which ones were the strongest predictors of responses.They found，（10） ____ ，that the brightness of a song and the strength of its beat were both among the best predictors of how a song would affect a listener's heart rate and brain activity.The result is still in very early stages，and it will be a while before more powerful machine- learning models will be able to predict the mental and physical reaction to a song with any（11） ____ .But the researchers are excited about how such models could be applied：to design music for specific individuals，or to help patients with mental health challenges stimulate specific parts of their brain.The lab is already working with（12） ____ treatment clinics to see how other forms of media could help patients.They want to start incorporating（13） ____ therapies as well. More simply，the research could be used to（14） ____ playlists. "You wouldn't want to listen to a song that's gonna to make your heart rate shoot up right before bedtime，but maybe you do if you're going on a long （15） ____ and you haven't had much coffee，"says Greer. （1）A.cheerful B.sensational C.fascinating D.emotional （2）A.stimulate B.reproduce C.quantify D.draw （3）A.positive B.violent C.instinctive D.physiological （4）A.art galleries B.TV ads C.radio stations D.social platforms （5）A.perceiving B.analyzing C.recording D.enhancing （6）A.plays B.rhythms C.versions D.beats （7）A.fell into B.split into C.turned into D.broke into （8）A.range B.variety C.intensity D.occurrence （9）A.switched B.inserted C.fed D.transformed （10）A.as a result B.to some degree C.for example D.in reality （11）A.authority B.precision C.evidence D.confidence （12）A.addiction B.cancer C.nutritional D.surgical （13）A.cost-efficient B.music-based C.patient-friendly D.disease-oriented （14）A.create B.interpret C.delete D.activate （15）A.trial B.conference C.study D.drive
We all know that music is a powerful influencer.A movie without a soundtrack doesn't arouse the same（1） ____ journey.A workout without a pump-up anthem can feel like a drag.But is there a way to（2） ____ these reactions？If so，could they be reverse-engineered and put to use？
In a paper，researchers at the University of Southern California mapped out how things like rhythm cause different types of brain activity，（3） ____ reactions，and emotions，and how machine learning could use those relationships to predict people's response to a new piece of music.The research is part of the lab's broader goal to understand how different forms of media，such as films and（4） ____ as well as music，affect people's bodies and brains. "Once we understand how media can affect various emotions，then we can try to productively use it for actually supporting or （5） ____ human experiences，" says Shrikanth，a professor at USC and the principal investigator.The researchers first combed music streaming sites for songs with very few（6） ____ ，tagged either "happy" or "sad". （They wanted to avoid familiar songs to minimize any confusing variables.） Through a series of human testers，60 pieces for each emotion were narrowed down to a final list of three：two that reliably caused sadness and one that reliably caused happiness.One hundred participants who hadn't heard the songs before（7） ____ two groups，listened to all three pieces，and either took an fMRI scan or wore pulse，heat，and electricity sensors on their skin and rated the （8） ____ of their emotions on a scale of 0 to 10.
The researchers then（9） ____ the data，along with 74 features for each song，such as harmony，into several machine-learning algorithms and examined which ones were the strongest predictors of responses.They found，（10） ____ ，that the brightness of a song and the strength of its beat were both among the best predictors of how a song would affect a listener's heart rate and brain activity.The result is still in very early stages，and it will be a while before more powerful machine- learning models will be able to predict the mental and physical reaction to a song with any（11） ____ .But the researchers are excited about how such models could be applied：to design music for specific individuals，or to help patients with mental health challenges stimulate specific parts of their brain.The lab is already working with（12） ____ treatment clinics to see how other forms of media could help patients.They want to start incorporating（13） ____ therapies as well.
More simply，the research could be used to（14） ____ playlists. "You wouldn't want to listen to a song that's gonna to make your heart rate shoot up right before bedtime，but maybe you do if you're going on a long （15） ____ and you haven't had much coffee，"says Greer.
In a paper，researchers at the University of Southern California mapped out how things like rhythm cause different types of brain activity，（3） ____ reactions，and emotions，and how machine learning could use those relationships to predict people's response to a new piece of music.The research is part of the lab's broader goal to understand how different forms of media，such as films and（4） ____ as well as music，affect people's bodies and brains. "Once we understand how media can affect various emotions，then we can try to productively use it for actually supporting or （5） ____ human experiences，" says Shrikanth，a professor at USC and the principal investigator.The researchers first combed music streaming sites for songs with very few（6） ____ ，tagged either "happy" or "sad". （They wanted to avoid familiar songs to minimize any confusing variables.） Through a series of human testers，60 pieces for each emotion were narrowed down to a final list of three：two that reliably caused sadness and one that reliably caused happiness.One hundred participants who hadn't heard the songs before（7） ____ two groups，listened to all three pieces，and either took an fMRI scan or wore pulse，heat，and electricity sensors on their skin and rated the （8） ____ of their emotions on a scale of 0 to 10.
The researchers then（9） ____ the data，along with 74 features for each song，such as harmony，into several machine-learning algorithms and examined which ones were the strongest predictors of responses.They found，（10） ____ ，that the brightness of a song and the strength of its beat were both among the best predictors of how a song would affect a listener's heart rate and brain activity.The result is still in very early stages，and it will be a while before more powerful machine- learning models will be able to predict the mental and physical reaction to a song with any（11） ____ .But the researchers are excited about how such models could be applied：to design music for specific individuals，or to help patients with mental health challenges stimulate specific parts of their brain.The lab is already working with（12） ____ treatment clinics to see how other forms of media could help patients.They want to start incorporating（13） ____ therapies as well.
More simply，the research could be used to（14） ____ playlists. "You wouldn't want to listen to a song that's gonna to make your heart rate shoot up right before bedtime，but maybe you do if you're going on a long （15） ____ and you haven't had much coffee，"says Greer.
| （1）A.cheerful | B.sensational | C.fascinating | D.emotional |
| （2）A.stimulate | B.reproduce | C.quantify | D.draw |
| （3）A.positive | B.violent | C.instinctive | D.physiological |
| （4）A.art galleries | B.TV ads | C.radio stations | D.social platforms |
| （5）A.perceiving | B.analyzing | C.recording | D.enhancing |
| （6）A.plays | B.rhythms | C.versions | D.beats |
| （7）A.fell into | B.split into | C.turned into | D.broke into |
| （8）A.range | B.variety | C.intensity | D.occurrence |
| （9）A.switched | B.inserted | C.fed | D.transformed |
| （10）A.as a result | B.to some degree | C.for example | D.in reality |
| （11）A.authority | B.precision | C.evidence | D.confidence |
| （12）A.addiction | B.cancer | C.nutritional | D.surgical |
| （13）A.cost-efficient | B.music-based | C.patient-friendly | D.disease-oriented |
| （14）A.create | B.interpret | C.delete | D.activate |
| （15）A.trial | B.conference | C.study | D.drive |
题目解答
答案
（1）D.考查形容词及语境理解。A.cheerful高兴的；B.sensational轰动的；C.fascinating迷人的；D.emotional情感的。句意：一部没有配乐的电影无法唤起同样的情感旅程。根据上文"We all know that music is a powerful influencer."可知，这里强调的是一部没有配乐的电影无法唤起同样的情感旅程。故选D。
（2）C.考查动词及语境理解。A.stimulate促进；B.reproduce复制；C.quantify确定数量，量化；D.draw绘画。句意：但是有办法量化这些反应吗？根据后文"their emotions on a scale of 0 to 10"研究中给参与者的情感反应分级，可知指的是量化反应。故选C。
（3）D.考查形容词及语境理解。A.positive积极的；B.violent暴力的；C.instinctive本能的；D.physiological生理的。句意：在一篇论文中，南加州大学的研究人员描绘了节奏之类的东西如何引起不同类型的大脑活动、生理反应和情绪，以及机器学习如何利用这些关系来预测人们对一段新音乐的反应。根据后文"reactions，and emotions"指生理反应应用physiological reaction。故选D。
（4）B.考查名词短语及语境理解。A.art galleries美术馆；B.TV ads电视广告；C.radio stations无线电台；D.social platforms社交平台。句意：这项研究是该实验室更广泛目标的一部分，目的是了解不同形式的媒体，如电影、电视广告和音乐，如何影响人们的身体和大脑。根据上文"how different forms of media，such as films"可知，研究主要是研究媒体如何影响情绪，所以是电影、电视广告和音乐。故选B。
（5）D.考查动词及语境理解。A.perceiving理解；B.analyzing分析；C.recording记录；D.enhancing加强。句意："一旦我们了解了媒体是如何影响各种情绪的，那么我们就可以尝试有效地利用它来支持或增强人类的体验，"南加州大学教授兼首席研究员什里坎思说。根据上文"we can try to productively use it for actually supporting or"是指利用研究结果来支持或增强人类的体验。故选D。
（6）A.考查名词及语境理解。A.plays播放，戏剧；B.rhythms韵律；C.versions版本；D.beats节奏。句意：研究人员首先梳理了流媒体音乐网站上播放次数很少的歌曲，标记为"快乐"或"悲伤"。根据上文"for songs with very few"指播放次数很少的歌曲。故选A。
（7）B.考查动词短语及语境理解。A.fell into掉进；B.split into分裂；C.turned into变成；D.broke into闯入。句意：100名之前没有听过这三首歌的参与者被分成两组，听三首歌，要么进行fMRI扫描，要么在他们的皮肤上佩戴脉冲、热和电传感器，并给他们的情绪强度打分，分值为0到10。根据后文"two groups"指把参与者分成两组。故选B。
（8）C.考查名词及语境理解。A.range范围；B.variety多样性；C.intensity强烈；D.occurrence发生。句意：100名之前没有听过这三首歌的参与者被分成两组，听三首歌，要么进行fMRI扫描，要么在他们的皮肤上佩戴脉冲、热和电传感器，并给他们的情绪强度打分，分值为0到10。根据上文"two that reliably caused sadness and one that reliably caused happiness"可知主要通过让参与者听歌来测量他们的情绪强度，故选C。
（9）C.考查动词及语境理解。A.switched转变；B.inserted插入；C.fed注入，喂养；D.transformed转换。句意：然后，研究人员将这些数据，以及每首歌的74个特征，如和声，输入到几个机器学习算法中，检查哪些是反应的最强预测因素。根据后文"into several machine-learning algorithms"指将数据注入机器学习算法中，应用feed into。故选C。
（10）C.考查介词短语及语境理解。A.as a result结果；B.to some degree在某种程度上；C.for example例如；D.in reality实际上。句意：例如，他们发现，歌曲的活泼性和节奏的强度都是歌曲如何影响听者心率和大脑活动的最佳预测指标。后文"that the brightness of a song and the strength of its beat were both among the best predictors of how a song would affect a listener's heart rate and brain activity"是对歌曲影响情绪的因素的举例，故选C。
（11）B.考查名词及语境理解。A.authority权威；B.precision精确性；C.evidence证据；D.confidence自信。句意：研究结果仍处于早期阶段，更强大的机器学习模型还需要一段时间才能准确预测人们对一首歌的心理和身体反应。根据上文"The result is still in very early stages"可知，研究结果仍处于早期阶段，所以其准确性有待提高。故选B。
（12）A.考查名词及语境理解。A.addiction成瘾；B.cancer癌症；C.nutritional营养的；D.surgical外科的。句意：该实验室已经在与成瘾治疗诊所合作，看看其他形式的媒体如何帮助患者。根据后文"treatment clinics to see how other forms of media could help patients"指与成瘾治疗诊所合作，看看其他形式的媒体如何帮助患者。故选A。
（13）B.考查形容词及语境理解。A.cost-efficient有成本效益的；B.music-based以音乐为主的；C.patient-friendly更利于患者的；D.disease-oriented面向疾病的。句意：他们也想开始采用基于音乐的疗法。根据上文内容可知，研究主要是关于音乐影响人的情绪的，所以是采用基于音乐的疗法。故选B。
（14）A.考查动词及语境理解。A.create创造；B.interpret解释；C.delete删除；D.activate激活。句意：更简单的是，这项研究可以用来创建播放列表。根据宾语playlists指根据研究结果来创建歌曲播放列表。故选A。
（15）D.考查动词及语境理解。A.trial试验；B.conference会议；C.study研究；D.drive驾驶。句意：格里尔说："你不会想在睡觉前听一首会让你的心率飙升的歌，但如果你要进行长途驾驶，又没有喝太多咖啡，你可能会想听。"根据后文"and you haven't had much coffee"以及选项，可知指在长途驾驶时，没有咖啡，歌曲可以有所帮助。故选D。
（2）C.考查动词及语境理解。A.stimulate促进；B.reproduce复制；C.quantify确定数量，量化；D.draw绘画。句意：但是有办法量化这些反应吗？根据后文"their emotions on a scale of 0 to 10"研究中给参与者的情感反应分级，可知指的是量化反应。故选C。
（3）D.考查形容词及语境理解。A.positive积极的；B.violent暴力的；C.instinctive本能的；D.physiological生理的。句意：在一篇论文中，南加州大学的研究人员描绘了节奏之类的东西如何引起不同类型的大脑活动、生理反应和情绪，以及机器学习如何利用这些关系来预测人们对一段新音乐的反应。根据后文"reactions，and emotions"指生理反应应用physiological reaction。故选D。
（4）B.考查名词短语及语境理解。A.art galleries美术馆；B.TV ads电视广告；C.radio stations无线电台；D.social platforms社交平台。句意：这项研究是该实验室更广泛目标的一部分，目的是了解不同形式的媒体，如电影、电视广告和音乐，如何影响人们的身体和大脑。根据上文"how different forms of media，such as films"可知，研究主要是研究媒体如何影响情绪，所以是电影、电视广告和音乐。故选B。
（5）D.考查动词及语境理解。A.perceiving理解；B.analyzing分析；C.recording记录；D.enhancing加强。句意："一旦我们了解了媒体是如何影响各种情绪的，那么我们就可以尝试有效地利用它来支持或增强人类的体验，"南加州大学教授兼首席研究员什里坎思说。根据上文"we can try to productively use it for actually supporting or"是指利用研究结果来支持或增强人类的体验。故选D。
（6）A.考查名词及语境理解。A.plays播放，戏剧；B.rhythms韵律；C.versions版本；D.beats节奏。句意：研究人员首先梳理了流媒体音乐网站上播放次数很少的歌曲，标记为"快乐"或"悲伤"。根据上文"for songs with very few"指播放次数很少的歌曲。故选A。
（7）B.考查动词短语及语境理解。A.fell into掉进；B.split into分裂；C.turned into变成；D.broke into闯入。句意：100名之前没有听过这三首歌的参与者被分成两组，听三首歌，要么进行fMRI扫描，要么在他们的皮肤上佩戴脉冲、热和电传感器，并给他们的情绪强度打分，分值为0到10。根据后文"two groups"指把参与者分成两组。故选B。
（8）C.考查名词及语境理解。A.range范围；B.variety多样性；C.intensity强烈；D.occurrence发生。句意：100名之前没有听过这三首歌的参与者被分成两组，听三首歌，要么进行fMRI扫描，要么在他们的皮肤上佩戴脉冲、热和电传感器，并给他们的情绪强度打分，分值为0到10。根据上文"two that reliably caused sadness and one that reliably caused happiness"可知主要通过让参与者听歌来测量他们的情绪强度，故选C。
（9）C.考查动词及语境理解。A.switched转变；B.inserted插入；C.fed注入，喂养；D.transformed转换。句意：然后，研究人员将这些数据，以及每首歌的74个特征，如和声，输入到几个机器学习算法中，检查哪些是反应的最强预测因素。根据后文"into several machine-learning algorithms"指将数据注入机器学习算法中，应用feed into。故选C。
（10）C.考查介词短语及语境理解。A.as a result结果；B.to some degree在某种程度上；C.for example例如；D.in reality实际上。句意：例如，他们发现，歌曲的活泼性和节奏的强度都是歌曲如何影响听者心率和大脑活动的最佳预测指标。后文"that the brightness of a song and the strength of its beat were both among the best predictors of how a song would affect a listener's heart rate and brain activity"是对歌曲影响情绪的因素的举例，故选C。
（11）B.考查名词及语境理解。A.authority权威；B.precision精确性；C.evidence证据；D.confidence自信。句意：研究结果仍处于早期阶段，更强大的机器学习模型还需要一段时间才能准确预测人们对一首歌的心理和身体反应。根据上文"The result is still in very early stages"可知，研究结果仍处于早期阶段，所以其准确性有待提高。故选B。
（12）A.考查名词及语境理解。A.addiction成瘾；B.cancer癌症；C.nutritional营养的；D.surgical外科的。句意：该实验室已经在与成瘾治疗诊所合作，看看其他形式的媒体如何帮助患者。根据后文"treatment clinics to see how other forms of media could help patients"指与成瘾治疗诊所合作，看看其他形式的媒体如何帮助患者。故选A。
（13）B.考查形容词及语境理解。A.cost-efficient有成本效益的；B.music-based以音乐为主的；C.patient-friendly更利于患者的；D.disease-oriented面向疾病的。句意：他们也想开始采用基于音乐的疗法。根据上文内容可知，研究主要是关于音乐影响人的情绪的，所以是采用基于音乐的疗法。故选B。
（14）A.考查动词及语境理解。A.create创造；B.interpret解释；C.delete删除；D.activate激活。句意：更简单的是，这项研究可以用来创建播放列表。根据宾语playlists指根据研究结果来创建歌曲播放列表。故选A。
（15）D.考查动词及语境理解。A.trial试验；B.conference会议；C.study研究；D.drive驾驶。句意：格里尔说："你不会想在睡觉前听一首会让你的心率飙升的歌，但如果你要进行长途驾驶，又没有喝太多咖啡，你可能会想听。"根据后文"and you haven't had much coffee"以及选项，可知指在长途驾驶时，没有咖啡，歌曲可以有所帮助。故选D。