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After sitting with one leg crossed under the other for several hours while working on a document at her computer terminal, a 52-year-old woman tries to stand up, but is unable to walk on the crossed leg, and feels tingling and pain. Which of the following explains the loss of motor function without the loss of pain sensation in the peripheral nerves?A fibersC. C fibers are more sensitive to pressure than Aβ fibersB C fibers are more susceptible to hypoxia than B fibersC A fibers are more susceptible to local anesthetics than C fibers

After sitting with one leg crossed under the other for several hours while working on a document at her computer terminal, a 52-year-old woman tries to stand up, but is unable to walk on the crossed leg, and feels tingling and pain. Which of the following explains the loss of motor function without the loss of pain sensation in the peripheral nerves? A fibers C. C fibers are more sensitive to pressure than Aβ fibers B C fibers are more susceptible to hypoxia than B fibers C A fibers are more susceptible to local anesthetics than C fibers

题目解答

答案

我们来分析这道题: --- ### **题目翻译:** 一位52岁女性在电脑前久坐工作数小时,期间一条腿交叉压在另一条腿下。当她试图站起来时,发现那条压着的腿无法行走,并伴有**刺痛感和疼痛**。以下哪项解释了**在周围神经中运动功能丧失但疼痛感觉仍然存在**的现象? 选项如下: A. C纤维比Aβ纤维对压力更敏感 B. C纤维比B纤维更容易因缺氧而受损 C. A纤维比C纤维更容易受到局部麻醉剂的影响 --- ### **分析思路:** 首先,题目描述的是一个**长时间压迫神经**(交叉腿)后出现的**运动功能丧失**,但**感觉功能(如疼痛)仍然存在**的现象。 我们从神经纤维类型入手: --- ### **神经纤维类型及其功能:** 1. **A纤维**(有髓鞘,传导速度快): - 包括: - Aα:支配骨骼肌,负责运动(运动神经纤维) - Aβ:传导触觉、振动觉等精细感觉 - Aδ:传导快速疼痛(刺痛、锐痛) - 特点:直径大,传导快,容易受局部麻醉、缺氧、压迫等影响 2. **C纤维**(无髓鞘,传导速度慢): - 传导慢痛(烧灼感、钝痛) - 特点:直径小,传导慢,耐受性较强,不容易被压迫或缺氧影响 --- ### **题目关键点:** - **运动功能丧失**:说明Aα纤维(运动纤维)受损 - **仍有疼痛感**:说明C纤维(慢痛纤维)未受损 - **长时间压迫**:神经受压,血流受限,导致缺氧 --- ### **选项分析:** **A. C纤维比Aβ纤维对压力更敏感** → 错误。C纤维是慢痛纤维,Aβ是触觉纤维,题目中并未提到触觉丧失,且C纤维并不比Aβ对压力更敏感。 **B. C纤维比B纤维更容易因缺氧而受损** → 错误。B纤维是自主神经纤维,C纤维反而耐受缺氧能力较强,不易受损。 **C. A纤维比C纤维更容易受到局部麻醉剂的影响** → **正确。** A纤维直径大、髓鞘厚,对缺氧、压迫、局部麻醉剂等更敏感,容易先受损。而C纤维耐受性强,可能在压迫下仍能传导疼痛信号。 --- ### **结论:** 由于A纤维(包括运动纤维Aα和感觉纤维Aβ、Aδ)对压迫和缺氧更敏感,容易在长时间压迫下先受损,导致运动功能丧失;而C纤维耐受性强,仍能传导疼痛信号,因此出现**运动功能丧失但仍有疼痛感**的现象。 --- ### **正确答案:** $$ \boxed{C} $$

解析

本题考查周围神经纤维的分类及功能特点,核心在于理解不同神经纤维对压力和缺氧的敏感性差异。关键点在于:

  1. 运动功能丧失对应Aα纤维(运动神经)受损;
  2. 仍有疼痛感说明C纤维(慢痛传导)未受损;
  3. 长时间压迫导致局部缺氧,A纤维对缺氧更敏感,而C纤维耐受性更强。

神经纤维分类与功能

  1. A纤维(有髓鞘,传导快):
    • Aα:控制骨骼肌运动(运动功能)
    • Aβ:传导触觉、振动觉
    • Aδ:快速疼痛(锐痛)
    • 特点:直径大、髓鞘厚,对缺氧、压迫、局部麻醉更敏感
  2. C纤维(无髓鞘,传导慢):
    • 功能:慢痛(烧灼感、钝痛)
    • 特点:直径小、耐受性强,不易受压迫或缺氧影响

选项分析

A. C纤维比Aβ纤维对压力更敏感

  • 错误。C纤维负责慢痛,Aβ负责触觉,题目未提及触觉丧失,且C纤维对压力不比Aβ更敏感。

B. C纤维比B纤维更容易因缺氧而受损

  • 错误。B纤维为自主神经纤维,C纤维耐受缺氧能力更强,不易受损。

C. A纤维比C纤维更容易受到局部麻醉剂的影响

  • 正确。A纤维因髓鞘厚、直径大,对缺氧、压迫、局部麻醉更敏感,易先受损。C纤维耐受性高,仍能传导疼痛信号。

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