题目
Can trees talk? Yes,but not in words. Scientists have reason to believe that trees do communicate with each other. Not long ago, researchers learned some surprising things. First a willow tree attacked in the woods by caterpillars(毛虫)changed the chemistry of its leaves and made them taste so terrible that they got tired of the leaves and stopped eating them. Then even more astonishing, the tree sent out a special smell---a signal causing its neighbors to change the chemistry of their own leaves and make them less tasty. Communication,of course,doesn't need to be in words. We can talk to each other by smiling,raising our shoulders and moving our hands. We know that birds and animals use a whole vocabulary of songs,sounds,and movements. Bees dance their signals, flying in certain patterns that tell other bees where to find nectar(花蜜)for honey. So why shouldn't trees have ways of sending message?(1)It can be concluded from the passage that caterpillars do not feed on leaves that ____ .A. have an unpleasant tasteB. are lying on the groundC. bees don't likeD. have an unfamiliar shape(2)The willow tree described in the passage protected itself by ____ .A. growing more branchesB. changing its leaf chemistryC. communicating with birds and beesD. shaking caterpillars off(3)According to the passage, the willow tree was able to communicate with other trees by ____ .A. changing the colour of its trunkB. giving off a special smellC. dropping its leavesD. waving its branches(4)According to this passage, bees communicate by ____ .A. making unusual soundB. touching one anotherC. smelling one anotherD. making special movement
Can trees talk? Yes,but not in words. Scientists have reason to believe that trees do communicate with each other. Not long ago, researchers learned some surprising things. First a willow tree attacked in the woods by caterpillars(毛虫)changed the chemistry of its leaves and made them taste so terrible that they got tired of the leaves and stopped eating them. Then even more astonishing, the tree sent out a special smell---a signal causing its neighbors to change the chemistry of their own leaves and make them less tasty.
Communication,of course,doesn't need to be in words. We can talk to each other by smiling,raising our shoulders and moving our hands. We know that birds and animals use a whole vocabulary of songs,sounds,and movements. Bees dance their signals, flying in certain patterns that tell other bees where to find nectar(花蜜)for honey. So why shouldn't trees have ways of sending message?
(1)It can be concluded from the passage that caterpillars do not feed on leaves that ____ .
A. have an unpleasant taste
B. are lying on the ground
C. bees don't like
D. have an unfamiliar shape
(2)The willow tree described in the passage protected itself by ____ .
A. growing more branches
B. changing its leaf chemistry
C. communicating with birds and bees
D. shaking caterpillars off
(3)According to the passage, the willow tree was able to communicate with other trees by ____ .
A. changing the colour of its trunk
B. giving off a special smell
C. dropping its leaves
D. waving its branches
(4)According to this passage, bees communicate by ____ .
A. making unusual sound
B. touching one another
C. smelling one another
D. making special movement
Communication,of course,doesn't need to be in words. We can talk to each other by smiling,raising our shoulders and moving our hands. We know that birds and animals use a whole vocabulary of songs,sounds,and movements. Bees dance their signals, flying in certain patterns that tell other bees where to find nectar(花蜜)for honey. So why shouldn't trees have ways of sending message?
(1)It can be concluded from the passage that caterpillars do not feed on leaves that ____ .
A. have an unpleasant taste
B. are lying on the ground
C. bees don't like
D. have an unfamiliar shape
(2)The willow tree described in the passage protected itself by ____ .
A. growing more branches
B. changing its leaf chemistry
C. communicating with birds and bees
D. shaking caterpillars off
(3)According to the passage, the willow tree was able to communicate with other trees by ____ .
A. changing the colour of its trunk
B. giving off a special smell
C. dropping its leaves
D. waving its branches
(4)According to this passage, bees communicate by ____ .
A. making unusual sound
B. touching one another
C. smelling one another
D. making special movement
题目解答
答案
(1)A.推理判断题。根据文章第一段内容First a willow tree(柳树) attacked in the woods by caterpillars(毛毛虫) changed the chemistry of its leaves and made them taste so terrible that the caterpillars got tired of the leaves and stopped eating them.最开始的时候毛毛虫喜欢柳树的味道,但是由于毛毛虫对柳树的侵袭使得它树叶的化学性质发生了变化,随后毛毛虫就不吃它了.由此推断,最初正因为毛毛虫觉得柳树叶可口,它们才吃柳树叶的。后来味道不好了,就不吃了。结合选项,故选A.
(2)A. 细节理解题。根据第一段句子"First a willow tree(柳树)attacked in the woods by caterpillars(毛毛虫)changed the chemistry of its leaves and made them taste so terrible"首先,一棵柳树(柳树)在树林中被毛虫袭击(改变了树叶的化学成分,使它们变得很难吃。可知当被攻击的时候,柳树会通过改变它的叶子来保护自己。故选A.
(3)B. 推理判断题。根据"Then even more astonishing,the tree sent out a special vapour(水汽)--a signal causing its neighbours to change the chemistry of their own leaves and make them less tasty."更让人吃惊的是,这棵树发出了一种特殊的蒸汽(bundom拻),这是一种信号,使它的邻居们改变了树叶的化学成分,使它们变得不那么美味。可知柳树相互交流是通过他们发出的蒸汽。故选B.
(4)D . 推理判断题。根据"Bees dance their signals,flying in certain patterns that tell other bees where to find nectar(花蜜)for honey."蜜蜂以特定的模式飞行,告诉其他蜜蜂在哪里找到蜂蜜的花蜜。可知蜜蜂是通过某一个飞行模式即特殊的运动来进行交流的.故选D.
(2)A. 细节理解题。根据第一段句子"First a willow tree(柳树)attacked in the woods by caterpillars(毛毛虫)changed the chemistry of its leaves and made them taste so terrible"首先,一棵柳树(柳树)在树林中被毛虫袭击(改变了树叶的化学成分,使它们变得很难吃。可知当被攻击的时候,柳树会通过改变它的叶子来保护自己。故选A.
(3)B. 推理判断题。根据"Then even more astonishing,the tree sent out a special vapour(水汽)--a signal causing its neighbours to change the chemistry of their own leaves and make them less tasty."更让人吃惊的是,这棵树发出了一种特殊的蒸汽(bundom拻),这是一种信号,使它的邻居们改变了树叶的化学成分,使它们变得不那么美味。可知柳树相互交流是通过他们发出的蒸汽。故选B.
(4)D . 推理判断题。根据"Bees dance their signals,flying in certain patterns that tell other bees where to find nectar(花蜜)for honey."蜜蜂以特定的模式飞行,告诉其他蜜蜂在哪里找到蜂蜜的花蜜。可知蜜蜂是通过某一个飞行模式即特殊的运动来进行交流的.故选D.
解析
考查要点:本题主要考查学生对文章细节的理解和推理判断能力,重点在于理解树木之间如何通过化学变化和气味信号进行交流,以及蜜蜂通过舞蹈传递信息的方式。
解题核心思路:
- 抓住关键信息:文章通过柳树被毛虫攻击后改变树叶化学成分、释放特殊气味,以及蜜蜂通过舞蹈传递信息的例子,说明不同生物的交流方式。
- 联系上下文:结合具体段落推断树木和昆虫行为背后的逻辑,如毛虫停止进食的原因、柳树保护机制的手段等。
- 排除干扰项:注意区分“直接细节”与“推理结论”,例如第(3)题需明确柳树的“信号”形式。
第(1)题
关键句:柳树改变树叶化学成分后,“毛虫对树叶失去兴趣,停止食用”。
推理逻辑:毛虫最初食用柳树叶,但树叶变难吃后不再食用,说明它们不接受难吃的食物。因此正确答案为 A(有不愉快的 taste)。
第(2)题
直接细节:文章明确提到柳树“改变树叶的化学成分”,使树叶变得难吃。因此正确答案为 B(改变树叶化学成分)。
第(3)题
关键句:柳树“释放特殊气味作为信号,使邻近树木改变树叶化学成分”。
推理逻辑:气味是树木间交流的媒介,因此正确答案为 B(释放特殊气味)。
第(4)题
直接细节:蜜蜂“通过特定飞行模式的舞蹈告诉同伴花蜜位置”。因此正确答案为 D(特殊动作)。