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Scavenging occurs as the incoming air sweeps out the exhaust gases, a process which is likely to be more effective in a/an _______, especially in cylinders of high stroke-to-bore ratios. A direct-scavenged B uniflow-scavenged C loop-scavenged D cross-scavenged

Scavenging occurs as the incoming air sweeps out the exhaust gases, a process which is likely to be more effective in a/an _______, especially in cylinders of high stroke-to-bore ratios. 

A direct-scavenged 

B uniflow-scavenged 

C loop-scavenged 

D cross-scavenged

题目解答

答案

解答:

本题考查的是对发动机扫气方式的理解及其效果的分析。题目描述的是扫气过程,即进入的空气将废气扫出的过程,并询问哪种扫气方式在这种情况下可能更有效,特别是在高冲程-缸径比的汽缸中。

选项A,“direct-scavenged”通常不是标准的发动机扫气方式术语。在发动机术语中,没有直接称为“direct-scavenged”的扫气方式,因此这个选项可能是一个误导项或自创词汇,不符合题目要求。

选项B,“uniflow-scavenged”指的是单向流扫气方式。在这种方式中,所有的进气和排气都通过一个共同的端口进行,但气流是单向的,即进气时只进气,排气时只排气。然而,这种方式在高冲程-缸径比的汽缸中可能不是最有效的,因为它可能无法完全清除高冲程汽缸中的所有废气。

选项C,“loop-scavenged”通常指的是两冲程发动机中的回流扫气方式,但它不是四冲程发动机中常见的扫气方式,且并不特别针对高冲程-缸径比的汽缸进行优化,因此可以排除。

选项D,“cross-scavenged”指的是交叉流扫气方式。在这种方式中,进气口和排气口分别位于汽缸的相对两侧,进入的空气能够形成一股强烈的交叉气流,更有效地将废气从汽缸中扫出。特别是在高冲程-缸径比的汽缸中,这种交叉流扫气方式能够更有效地清除远离排气口的废气,因此是更合适的选择。

综上所述,结合题目描述和各个选项的特点,可以确定“cross-scavenged”(交叉流扫气方式)是在这种情况下更有效的扫气方式,特别是在高冲程-缸径比的汽缸中。

因此,答案是D。

解析

步骤 1:理解扫气过程
扫气过程是指进入的空气将废气从汽缸中扫出的过程。扫气效率直接影响发动机的性能,特别是对于高冲程-缸径比的汽缸,扫气效率尤为重要。
步骤 2:分析扫气方式
扫气方式有多种,包括直接扫气、单向流扫气、回流扫气和交叉流扫气。题目要求找出在高冲程-缸径比的汽缸中扫气效率更高的方式。
步骤 3:确定最佳扫气方式
- 直接扫气(A):不是标准术语,排除。
- 单向流扫气(B):虽然有效,但在高冲程-缸径比的汽缸中可能无法完全清除废气。
- 回流扫气(C):通常用于两冲程发动机,不是四冲程发动机的优化选择。
- 交叉流扫气(D):进气口和排气口位于汽缸的相对两侧,形成强烈的交叉气流,更有效地清除废气,特别是在高冲程-缸径比的汽缸中。

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